Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2500
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£1087
£989
£1245
£916
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 500
trade
-
-
-
329
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
876
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
61
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
48
total
-
-
-
1 314
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

341
-
2 500
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
48
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

61
-
61
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

10
-
876
-
total
72
-
985
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 159
2 500
-
-
trade
340
394
-
-
income
324
375
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
21
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
686
795
-
-
Dividends
1 473
1 706
-
-
withholding
365
423
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

20
23
-
-
total
385
446
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 143
1 241
985
1 314
After tax
1 357
1 259
1 515
1 186
Living cost
270
270
270
270
Free-cash
1 087
989
1 245
916

Estimated living cost  is £270 per week

£170
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£64
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1096
£1103
£947
£933
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
27
pensions
-
-
-
300
municipal
-
-
-
280
national
-
-
-
503
total
-
-
-
1 110
Employee
708
-
2 161
-
national
135
-
524
-
municipal
87
-
290
-
pensions
28
-
86
-
total
250
-
900
-
Employer
708
-
2 161
-
pensions
57
-
173
-
social contributions
8
-
23
-
total
65
-
196
-
Corporate
1 681
2 500
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

336
500
-
-
total
336
500
-
-
Dividends
1 345
2 000
-
-
withholding
296
440
-
-
total
296
440
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
947
940
1 096
1 110
After tax
1 553
1 560
1 404
1 390
Living cost
457
457
457
457
Free-cash
1 096
1 103
947
933

Estimated living cost  is £457 per week

£310
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£42
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£97
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1742
£1815
£928
£759
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 500
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
341
income
-
-
-
578
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
637
total
-
-
-
1 556
Employee
260
-
2 022
-
surtax
-
-
293
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

29
-
117
-
income
46
-
499
-
total
75
-
909
-
Employer
260
-
2 022
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

63
-
256
-
surtax
-
-
222
-
total
63
-
478
-
Corporate
2 177
2 500
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

435
500
-
-
total
435
500
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 742
2 000
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
573
500
1 387
1 556
After tax
1 927
2 000
1 113
944
Living cost
185
185
185
185
Free-cash
1 742
1 815
928
759

Estimated living cost  is £185 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£823
£879
£1225
£943
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
970
pensions
-
-
-
104
health
-
-
-
110
total
-
-
-
1 184
Employee
761
761
2 334
-
health
117
99
110
-
pensions
137
104
104
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

125
125
522
-
total
379
328
736
-
Employer
761
761
2 334
-
pensions
53
53
66
-
unemployment
27
27
34
-
health
53
53
66
-
total
133
133
166
-
Corporate
1 615
1 606
-
-
income
323
321
-
-
total
323
321
-
-
Dividends
1 292
1 285
-
-
withholding
194
193
-
-
income
275
273
-
-
total
469
466
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 304
1 248
902
1 184
After tax
1 196
1 252
1 598
1 316
Living cost
373
373
373
373
Free-cash
823
879
1 225
943

Estimated living cost  is £373 per week

£265
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£69
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£991
£999
£855
£863
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
93
unemployment
-
-
-
1
pensions
-
-
-
87
municipal
-
-
-
676
accident
-
-
-
2
national
-
-
-
362
health
-
-
-
50
total
-
-
-
1 271
Employee
522
-
2 248
-
national
-
-
357
-
municipal
156
-
670
-
total
156
-
1 027
-
Employer
522
-
2 248
-
other
61
-
93
-
accident
1
-
2
-
pensions
56
-
87
-
unemployment
14
-
21
-
health
32
-
49
-
total
164
-
252
-
Corporate
1 814
2 500
-
-
income
399
550
-
-
total
399
550
-
-
Dividends
1 415
1 950
-
-
withholding
424
585
-
-
total
424
585
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 143
1 135
1 279
1 271
After tax
1 357
1 365
1 221
1 229
Living cost
366
366
366
366
Free-cash
991
999
855
863

Estimated living cost  is £366 per week

£243
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£1022
£896
£1165
£822
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 500
trade
-
-
-
343
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
876
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
61
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
48
total
-
-
-
1 328
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

452
-
2 500
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
48
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

61
-
61
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

39
-
876
-
total
102
-
985
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 048
2 500
-
-
trade
337
411
-
-
income
307
375
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
21
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
665
812
-
-
Dividends
1 383
1 688
-
-
withholding
342
419
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
total
361
442
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 128
1 254
985
1 328
After tax
1 372
1 246
1 515
1 172
Living cost
350
350
350
350
Free-cash
1 022
896
1 165
822

Estimated living cost  is £350 per week

£234
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1496
£1531
£1354
£1373
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
144
income
-
-
-
630
health
-
-
-
64
total
-
-
-
838
Employee
685
685
2 379
-
health
7
12
40
-
social contributions
33
57
77
-
income
72
63
619
-
total
112
132
736
-
Employer
685
685
2 379
-
social contributions
33
57
77
-
health
7
13
44
-
total
40
70
121
-
Corporate
2 058
1 745
-
-
income
257
218
-
-
total
257
218
-
-
Dividends
1 801
1 527
-
-
withholding
306
260
-
-
total
306
260
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
715
680
857
838
After tax
1 785
1 820
1 643
1 662
Living cost
289
289
289
289
Free-cash
1 496
1 531
1 354
1 373

Estimated living cost  is £289 per week

£198
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£64
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1241
£1238
£1285
£1567
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
37
income
-
-
-
306
pensions
-
-
-
250
health
-
-
-
175
total
-
-
-
768
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

238
95
2 092
-
unemployment
4
1
31
-
health
17
7
146
-
pensions
24
9
209
-
income
29
12
256
-
total
74
29
642
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

238
95
2 092
-
pensions
46
18
408
-
total
46
18
408
-
Corporate
2 216
2 387
-
-
income
199
215
-
-
total
199
215
-
-
Dividends
2 016
2 172
-
-
withholding
383
413
-
-
social contributions
392
422
-
-
total
775
835
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 094
1 097
1 050
768
After tax
1 406
1 403
1 450
1 732
Living cost
165
165
165
165
Free-cash
1 241
1 238
1 285
1 567

Estimated living cost  is £165 per week

£112
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1730
£1785
£1226
£1125
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
335
pensions
-
-
-
500
health
-
-
-
325
total
-
-
-
1 160
Employee
253
-
1 868
-
unemployment
4
-
30
-
pensions
5
-
37
-
income
28
-
360
-
total
37
-
427
-
Employer
253
-
1 868
-
pensions
51
-
374
-
unemployment
2
-
15
-
health
33
-
243
-
total
86
-
632
-
Corporate
2 162
2 500
-
-
income
432
500
-
-
total
432
500
-
-
Dividends
1 729
2 000
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
555
500
1 059
1 160
After tax
1 945
2 000
1 441
1 340
Living cost
215
215
215
215
Free-cash
1 730
1 785
1 226
1 125

Estimated living cost  is £215 per week

£148
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
£173
£2
£1191
£1506
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
3
income
-
-
-
731
pensions
-
-
-
38
accident
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
20
total
-
-
-
794
Employee
315
-
2 305
-
health
36
-
264
-
pensions
35
-
69
-
income
43
-
582
-
total
114
-
915
-
Employer
315
-
2 305
-
accident
5
-
38
-
pensions
51
-
100
-
unemployment
8
-
56
-
total
64
-
194
-
Corporate
2 121
2 500
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 909
2 250
-
-
total
1 909
2 250
-
-
Dividends
212
250
-
-
withholding
40
48
-
-
total
40
48
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
2 127
2 298
1 109
794
After tax
373
202
1 391
1 706
Living cost
200
200
200
200
Free-cash
173
2
1 191
1 506

Estimated living cost  is £200 per week

£147
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2289
£2302
£1927
£2402
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 500
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
25
total
-
-
-
25
Employee
91
-
2 500
-
income
18
-
500
-
total
18
-
500
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 409
2 500
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 409
2 500
-
-
withholding
120
125
-
-
total
120
125
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
138
125
500
25
After tax
2 362
2 375
2 000
2 475
Living cost
73
73
73
73
Free-cash
2 289
2 302
1 927
2 402

Estimated living cost  is £73 per week

£45
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£6
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£20
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1538
£1600
£1318
£1339
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
64
income
-
-
-
475
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
325
health
-
-
-
60
total
-
-
-
924
Employee
324
-
2 152
-
unemployment
3
-
14
-
health
5
-
19
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

23
-
95
-
income
56
-
469
-
total
87
-
597
-
Employer
324
-
2 152
-
other
16
-
68
-
accident
3
-
17
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

55
-
230
-
unemployment
3
-
14
-
health
5
-
19
-
total
82
-
348
-
Corporate
2 095
2 500
-
-
income
440
525
-
-
total
440
525
-
-
Dividends
1 655
1 975
-
-
withholding
116
138
-
-
total
116
138
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
725
663
945
924
After tax
1 775
1 837
1 555
1 576
Living cost
237
237
237
237
Free-cash
1 538
1 600
1 318
1 339

Estimated living cost  is £237 per week

£168
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£1018
£949
£781
£1001
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
817
pensions
-
-
-
98
total
-
-
-
915
Employee
826
-
2 175
-
health
14
-
28
-
pensions
80
-
113
-
income
149
-
669
-
total
243
-
810
-
Employer
826
-
2 175
-
pensions
98
-
284
-
health
16
-
41
-
total
114
-
325
-
Corporate
1 560
2 500
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

296
475
-
-
total
296
475
-
-
Dividends
1 264
2 025
-
-
withholding
245
492
-
-
total
245
492
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
898
967
1 135
915
After tax
1 602
1 533
1 365
1 585
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
1 018
949
781
1 001

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1978
£2020
£2035
£1925
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
1
income
-
-
-
375
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
46
health
-
-
-
36
total
-
-
-
458
Employee
155
-
2 439
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
health
7
-
14
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

14
-
27
-
income
15
-
244
-
total
38
-
288
-
Employer
155
-
2 439
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
health
11
-
21
-
total
31
-
60
-
Corporate
2 315
2 500
-
-
income
232
250
-
-
total
232
250
-
-
Dividends
2 083
2 250
-
-
withholding
104
113
-
-
total
104
113
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
405
363
348
458
After tax
2 095
2 137
2 152
2 042
Living cost
117
117
117
117
Free-cash
1 978
2 020
2 035
1 925

Estimated living cost  is £117 per week

£68
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£780
£758
£1104
£822
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
970
pensions
-
-
-
104
health
-
-
-
110
total
-
-
-
1 184
Employee
826
761
2 334
-
health
103
99
110
-
pensions
104
104
104
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

125
125
522
-
total
332
328
736
-
Employer
826
761
2 334
-
pensions
57
53
66
-
unemployment
30
27
34
-
health
57
53
66
-
total
144
133
166
-
Corporate
1 529
1 606
-
-
income
306
321
-
-
total
306
321
-
-
Dividends
1 223
1 285
-
-
withholding
184
193
-
-
income
260
273
-
-
total
444
466
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 226
1 248
902
1 184
After tax
1 274
1 252
1 598
1 316
Living cost
494
494
494
494
Free-cash
780
758
1 104
822

Estimated living cost  is £494 per week

£364
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£44
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1422
£1500
£1178
£1293
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
318
income
-
-
-
277
health
-
-
-
338
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
53
total
-
-
-
986
Employee
325
-
2 044
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
43
-
health
44
-
276
-
social contributions
21
-
71
-
income
39
-
255
-
total
104
-
645
-
Employer
325
-
2 044
-
social contributions
81
-
272
-
health
29
-
184
-
total
110
-
456
-
Corporate
2 064
2 500
-
-
income
392
475
-
-
total
392
475
-
-
Dividends
1 672
2 025
-
-
withholding
251
304
-
-
total
251
304
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
857
779
1 101
986
After tax
1 643
1 721
1 399
1 514
Living cost
221
221
221
221
Free-cash
1 422
1 500
1 178
1 293

Estimated living cost  is £221 per week

£154
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£912
£957
£784
£860
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
regional
-
-
-
34
social contributions
-
-
-
446
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
768
total
-
-
-
1 264
Employee
792
-
2 500
-
national
137
-
708
-
regional
7
-
32
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
social contributions
267
-
585
-
total
415
-
1 340
-
Employer
792
-
2 500
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 708
2 500
-
-
nationa
410
600
-
-
municipal
67
98
-
-
total
477
698
-
-
Dividends
1 232
1 802
-
-
withholding
320
469
-
-
total
320
469
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 212
1 167
1 340
1 264
After tax
1 288
1 333
1 160
1 236
Living cost
376
376
376
376
Free-cash
912
957
784
860

Estimated living cost  is £376 per week

£262
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£83
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1348
£1375
£919
£974
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
854
pensions
-
-
-
238
health
-
-
-
84
surtax
-
-
-
151
total
-
-
-
1 329
Employee
295
-
2 250
-
surtax
1
-
140
-
unemployment
21
-
83
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
8
-
30
-
pensions
20
-
79
-
income
49
-
801
-
total
99
-
1 133
-
Employer
295
-
2 250
-
other
-
-
-
-
pensions
39
-
159
-
unemployment
9
-
38
-
health
13
-
54
-
total
61
-
251
-
Corporate
2 143
2 500
-
-
income
557
650
-
-
total
557
650
-
-
Dividends
1 586
1 850
-
-
withholding
238
278
-
-
total
238
278
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
955
928
1 384
1 329
After tax
1 545
1 572
1 116
1 171
Living cost
197
197
197
197
Free-cash
1 348
1 375
919
974

Estimated living cost  is £197 per week

£120
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1191
£1134
£966
£1186
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
817
pensions
-
-
-
98
total
-
-
-
915
Employee
554
-
2 175
-
health
8
-
28
-
pensions
47
-
113
-
income
100
-
669
-
total
155
-
810
-
Employer
554
-
2 175
-
pensions
60
-
284
-
health
11
-
41
-
total
71
-
325
-
Corporate
1 876
2 500
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

356
475
-
-
total
356
475
-
-
Dividends
1 519
2 025
-
-
withholding
328
492
-
-
total
328
492
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
910
967
1 135
915
After tax
1 590
1 533
1 365
1 585
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 191
1 134
966
1 186

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£740
£438
£1175
£1244
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
50
city
-
-
-
26
regional
-
-
-
153
pensions
-
-
-
230
national
-
-
-
86
health
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
551
Employee
825
-
2 260
-
national
4
-
73
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
city
9
-
25
-
regional
27
-
139
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
69
-
164
-
total
111
-
406
-
Employer
825
-
2 260
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
45
-
pensions
69
-
164
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
87
-
214
-
Corporate
1 578
2 500
-
-
regional
334
529
-
-
national
134
212
-
-
total
468
741
-
-
Dividends
1 110
1 759
-
-
withholding
389
616
-
-
total
389
616
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 055
1 357
620
551
After tax
1 445
1 143
1 880
1 949
Living cost
705
705
705
705
Free-cash
740
438
1 175
1 244

Estimated living cost  is £705 per week

£458
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£63
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£9
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£175
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£970
£825
£1107
£749
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 500
trade
-
-
-
358
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
876
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
61
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
48
total
-
-
-
1 343
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

536
-
2 500
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
48
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

61
-
61
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

63
-
876
-
total
127
-
985
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 964
2 500
-
-
trade
337
429
-
-
income
295
375
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
21
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
652
830
-
-
Dividends
1 313
1 671
-
-
withholding
325
414
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
23
-
-
total
343
437
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 122
1 267
985
1 343
After tax
1 378
1 233
1 515
1 157
Living cost
408
408
408
408
Free-cash
970
825
1 107
749

Estimated living cost  is £408 per week

£298
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£1007
£955
£915
£1021
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
77
social contributions
-
-
-
71
income
-
-
-
534
pensions
-
-
-
357
health
-
-
-
135
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 174
Employee
381
-
1 885
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
43
-
152
-
social contributions
11
-
54
-
income
23
-
459
-
total
77
-
665
-
Employer
381
-
1 885
-
other
13
-
82
-
pensions
63
-
252
-
unemployment
15
-
76
-
social contributions
1
-
6
-
health
27
-
199
-
total
119
-
615
-
Corporate
2 000
2 500
-
-
income
560
700
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
560
700
-
-
Dividends
1 440
1 800
-
-
withholding
184
230
-
-
social contributions
248
310
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
432
540
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 188
1 240
1 280
1 174
After tax
1 312
1 260
1 220
1 326
Living cost
305
305
305
305
Free-cash
1 007
955
915
1 021

Estimated living cost  is £305 per week

£192
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£83
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£1033
£985
£945
£1051
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
77
social contributions
-
-
-
71
income
-
-
-
534
pensions
-
-
-
357
health
-
-
-
135
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 174
Employee
340
-
1 885
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
39
-
152
-
social contributions
10
-
54
-
income
18
-
459
-
total
67
-
665
-
Employer
340
-
1 885
-
other
12
-
82
-
pensions
56
-
252
-
unemployment
14
-
76
-
social contributions
1
-
6
-
health
24
-
199
-
total
107
-
615
-
Corporate
2 053
2 500
-
-
income
575
700
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
575
700
-
-
Dividends
1 478
1 800
-
-
withholding
189
230
-
-
social contributions
254
310
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
443
540
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 192
1 240
1 280
1 174
After tax
1 308
1 260
1 220
1 326
Living cost
275
275
275
275
Free-cash
1 033
985
945
1 051

Estimated living cost  is £275 per week

£159
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1341
£1336
£724
£1416
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
345
income
-
-
-
375
health
-
-
-
175
total
-
-
-
895
Employee
302
-
2 500
-
health
21
-
175
-
social contributions
42
-
345
-
income
50
-
1 067
-
total
113
-
1 587
-
Employer
302
-
2 500
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 198
2 500
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

110
125
-
-
total
110
125
-
-
Dividends
2 088
2 375
-
-
health
146
166
-
-
withholding
313
356
-
-
social contributions
288
328
-
-
total
747
850
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
970
975
1 587
895
After tax
1 530
1 525
913
1 605
Living cost
189
189
189
189
Free-cash
1 341
1 336
724
1 416

Estimated living cost  is £189 per week

£126
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1047
£1059
£327
£957
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
unemployment
-
-
-
55
income
-
-
-
889
pensions
-
-
-
193
health
-
-
-
80
surtax
-
-
-
2
total
-
-
-
1 229
Employee
445
355
2 120
-
unemployment
13
11
31
-
other
4
4
10
-
health
17
14
40
-
pensions
46
36
107
-
income
51
26
768
-
total
131
91
956
-
Employer
445
355
2 120
-
payroll
13
11
64
-
other
21
17
92
-
accident
6
5
14
-
pensions
56
45
131
-
unemployment
13
11
31
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
health
17
13
39
-
total
130
105
381
-
Corporate
1 925
2 041
2 086
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

481
510
522
-
total
481
510
522
-
Dividends
1 444
1 531
-
-
withholding
397
421
-
-
total
397
421
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 139
1 127
1 859
1 229
After tax
1 361
1 373
641
1 271
Living cost
314
314
314
314
Free-cash
1 047
1 059
327
957

Estimated living cost  is £314 per week

£209
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£939
£1020
£503
£765
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
222
national
-
-
-
1 051
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
137
total
-
-
-
1 410
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

637
-
1 936
-
national
196
-
754
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

6
-
17
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

30
-
91
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

48
-
145
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

33
-
101
-
total
313
-
1 108
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

637
-
1 936
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
25
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

56
-
172
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
28
-
surtax
72
-
220
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

39
-
119
-
total
184
-
564
-
Corporate
1 677
2 500
-
-
income
335
573
-
-
surtax
7
11
-
-
total
342
584
-
-
Dividends
1 335
1 916
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

397
571
-
-
total
397
571
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 236
1 155
1 672
1 410
After tax
1 264
1 345
828
1 090
Living cost
325
325
325
325
Free-cash
939
1 020
503
765

Estimated living cost  is £325 per week

£209
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1272
£1333
£1033
£1070
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
income
-
-
-
860
pensions
-
-
-
234
accident
-
-
-
7
total
-
-
-
1 108
Employee
444
-
2 237
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
other
-
-
1
-
pensions
21
-
39
-
income
94
-
829
-
total
122
-
882
-
Employer
444
-
2 237
-
other
4
-
7
-
accident
9
-
16
-
pensions
105
-
195
-
unemployment
24
-
45
-
total
142
-
263
-
Corporate
1 915
2 500
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

287
375
-
-
total
287
375
-
-
Dividends
1 628
2 125
-
-
withholding
355
470
-
-
total
355
470
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
906
845
1 145
1 108
After tax
1 594
1 655
1 355
1 392
Living cost
322
322
322
322
Free-cash
1 272
1 333
1 033
1 070

Estimated living cost  is £322 per week

£237
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£766
£889
£759
£696
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
553
pensions
-
-
-
314
accident
-
-
-
18
communal
-
-
-
158
health
-
-
-
147
surtax
-
-
-
130
total
-
-
-
1 320
Employee
675
-
2 247
-
surtax
41
-
139
-
health
30
-
94
-
pensions
54
-
170
-
income
65
-
600
-
total
190
-
1 003
-
Employer
675
-
2 247
-
accident
6
-
19
-
pensions
54
-
170
-
health
21
-
65
-
total
81
-
254
-
Corporate
1 745
2 500
-
-
income
262
375
-
-
communal
118
169
-
-
surtax
18
26
-
-
total
398
570
-
-
Dividends
1 347
1 930
-
-
withholding
202
289
-
-
income
379
268
-
-
total
581
557
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 250
1 127
1 257
1 320
After tax
1 250
1 373
1 243
1 180
Living cost
484
484
484
484
Free-cash
766
889
759
696

Estimated living cost  is £484 per week

£363
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£87
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1343
£1372
£916
£971
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
854
pensions
-
-
-
238
health
-
-
-
84
surtax
-
-
-
151
total
-
-
-
1 329
Employee
300
-
2 250
-
surtax
1
-
140
-
unemployment
21
-
83
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
8
-
30
-
pensions
20
-
79
-
income
50
-
801
-
total
100
-
1 133
-
Employer
300
-
2 250
-
other
-
-
-
-
pensions
40
-
159
-
unemployment
10
-
38
-
health
14
-
54
-
total
64
-
251
-
Corporate
2 137
2 500
-
-
income
556
650
-
-
total
556
650
-
-
Dividends
1 581
1 850
-
-
withholding
237
278
-
-
total
237
278
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
957
928
1 384
1 329
After tax
1 543
1 572
1 116
1 171
Living cost
200
200
200
200
Free-cash
1 343
1 372
916
971

Estimated living cost  is £200 per week

£121
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1054
£1074
£913
£988
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
regional
-
-
-
42
social contributions
-
-
-
446
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
768
total
-
-
-
1 272
Employee
494
-
2 500
-
national
78
-
708
-
regional
7
-
39
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
social contributions
167
-
585
-
total
255
-
1 347
-
Employer
494
-
2 500
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 006
2 500
-
-
nationa
481
600
-
-
municipal
100
124
-
-
total
581
724
-
-
Dividends
1 425
1 776
-
-
withholding
370
462
-
-
total
370
462
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 206
1 186
1 347
1 272
After tax
1 294
1 314
1 153
1 228
Living cost
240
240
240
240
Free-cash
1 054
1 074
913
988

Estimated living cost  is £240 per week

£149
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1352
£1449
£1127
£1242
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
318
income
-
-
-
277
health
-
-
-
338
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
53
total
-
-
-
986
Employee
401
-
2 044
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
43
-
health
54
-
276
-
social contributions
26
-
71
-
income
48
-
255
-
total
128
-
645
-
Employer
401
-
2 044
-
social contributions
100
-
272
-
health
36
-
184
-
total
136
-
456
-
Corporate
1 963
2 500
-
-
income
373
475
-
-
total
373
475
-
-
Dividends
1 590
2 025
-
-
withholding
239
304
-
-
total
239
304
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
876
779
1 101
986
After tax
1 624
1 721
1 399
1 514
Living cost
272
272
272
272
Free-cash
1 352
1 449
1 127
1 242

Estimated living cost  is £272 per week

£203
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1085
£1090
£358
£989
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
unemployment
-
-
-
55
income
-
-
-
889
pensions
-
-
-
193
health
-
-
-
80
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 227
Employee
390
355
2 122
-
unemployment
12
11
31
-
other
4
4
10
-
health
15
14
40
-
pensions
40
36
107
-
income
35
26
769
-
total
106
91
957
-
Employer
390
355
2 122
-
payroll
12
11
64
-
other
18
17
92
-
accident
5
5
14
-
pensions
49
45
131
-
unemployment
12
11
31
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
health
15
13
39
-
total
113
103
379
-
Corporate
1 998
2 043
2 088
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

500
511
522
-
total
500
511
522
-
Dividends
1 499
1 532
-
-
withholding
412
421
-
-
total
412
421
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 131
1 126
1 858
1 227
After tax
1 369
1 374
642
1 273
Living cost
284
284
284
284
Free-cash
1 085
1 090
358
989

Estimated living cost  is £284 per week

£171
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2240
£2261
£1886
£2361
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 500
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
25
total
-
-
-
25
Employee
142
-
2 500
-
income
28
-
500
-
total
28
-
500
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 358
2 500
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 358
2 500
-
-
withholding
118
125
-
-
total
118
125
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
146
125
500
25
After tax
2 354
2 375
2 000
2 475
Living cost
114
114
114
114
Free-cash
2 240
2 261
1 886
2 361

Estimated living cost  is £114 per week

£77
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£28
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1409
£1482
£816
£869
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
4
income
-
-
-
685
pensions
-
-
-
457
health
-
-
-
246
total
-
-
-
1 392
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

394
-
2 163
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
health
25
-
140
-
pensions
61
-
335
-
income
68
-
631
-
total
155
-
1 109
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

394
-
2 163
-
pensions
35
-
191
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
health
26
-
144
-
total
61
-
336
-
Corporate
2 045
2 500
-
-
income
388
475
-
-
total
388
475
-
-
Dividends
1 656
2 025
-
-
withholding
248
304
-
-
total
248
304
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
852
779
1 445
1 392
After tax
1 648
1 721
1 055
1 108
Living cost
239
239
239
239
Free-cash
1 409
1 482
816
869

Estimated living cost  is £239 per week

£164
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£55
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£727
£1143
£2007
£1350
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
285
income
-
-
-
487
total
-
-
-
772
Employee
542
-
-
-
social contributions
44
-
6
-
income
119
-
-
-
total
163
-
6
-
Employer
542
-
-
-
social contributions
764
-
109
-
total
764
-
109
-
Corporate
1 195
2 500
-
-
income
263
550
-
-
total
263
550
-
-
Dividends
932
1 950
-
-
income
205
429
-
-
total
205
429
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 395
979
115
772
After tax
1 105
1 521
2 385
1 728
Living cost
378
378
378
378
Free-cash
727
1 143
2 007
1 350

Estimated living cost  is £378 per week

£245
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£92
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1134
£1142
£786
£999
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 500
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
869
income
-
-
-
352
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 221
Employee
410
-
2 020
-
surtax
-
-
11
-
social contributions
45
-
222
-
income
85
-
721
-
total
130
-
954
-
Employer
410
-
2 020
-
social contributions
97
-
480
-
total
97
-
480
-
Corporate
1 993
2 500
-
-
income
418
525
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
418
525
-
-
Dividends
1 574
1 975
-
-
withholding
441
553
-
-
total
441
553
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 086
1 078
1 434
1 221
After tax
1 414
1 422
1 066
1 279
Living cost
280
280
280
280
Free-cash
1 134
1 142
786
999

Estimated living cost  is £280 per week

£209
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£890
£830
£790
£896
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
77
social contributions
-
-
-
71
income
-
-
-
534
pensions
-
-
-
357
health
-
-
-
135
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 174
Employee
558
-
1 885
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
63
-
152
-
social contributions
16
-
54
-
income
49
-
459
-
total
128
-
665
-
Employer
558
-
1 885
-
other
19
-
82
-
pensions
92
-
252
-
unemployment
23
-
76
-
social contributions
2
-
6
-
health
39
-
199
-
total
175
-
615
-
Corporate
1 768
2 500
-
-
income
495
700
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
495
700
-
-
Dividends
1 273
1 800
-
-
withholding
163
230
-
-
social contributions
219
310
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
382
540
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 180
1 240
1 280
1 174
After tax
1 320
1 260
1 220
1 326
Living cost
430
430
430
430
Free-cash
890
830
790
896

Estimated living cost  is £430 per week

£291
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£98
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1952
£1982
£1608
£1541
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
141
social contributions
-
-
-
550
total
-
-
-
691
Employee
286
-
2 165
-
social contributions
19
-
141
-
income
-
-
148
-
total
19
-
289
-
Employer
286
-
2 165
-
social contributions
44
-
335
-
total
44
-
335
-
Corporate
2 169
2 500
-
-
income
217
250
-
-
total
217
250
-
-
Dividends
1 952
2 250
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
280
250
624
691
After tax
2 220
2 250
1 876
1 809
Living cost
268
268
268
268
Free-cash
1 952
1 982
1 608
1 541

Estimated living cost  is £268 per week

£173
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£69
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£272
£561
£561
£992
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
pensions
-
-
-
8
municipal
-
-
-
548
labour market
-
-
-
199
national
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
1 079
Employee
1 809
1 809
1 809
-
national
221
221
221
-
municipal
385
385
385
-
labour market
144
144
144
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
total
753
753
753
-
Employer
1 809
1 809
1 809
-
municipal
386
386
386
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
national
221
221
221
-
labour market
145
145
145
-
total
757
757
757
-
Corporate
561
-
-
-
income
123
-
-
-
total
123
-
-
-
Dividends
438
-
-
-
withholding
166
-
-
-
total
166
-
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 799
1 510
1 510
1 079
After tax
701
990
990
1 421
Living cost
429
429
429
429
Free-cash
272
561
561
992

Estimated living cost  is £429 per week

£293
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£38
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£91
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£172
£5
£1194
£1509
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
3
income
-
-
-
731
pensions
-
-
-
38
accident
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
20
total
-
-
-
794
Employee
310
-
2 305
-
health
36
-
264
-
pensions
35
-
69
-
income
43
-
582
-
total
114
-
915
-
Employer
310
-
2 305
-
accident
5
-
38
-
pensions
50
-
100
-
unemployment
8
-
56
-
total
63
-
194
-
Corporate
2 127
2 500
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 914
2 250
-
-
total
1 914
2 250
-
-
Dividends
213
250
-
-
withholding
40
48
-
-
total
40
48
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
2 131
2 298
1 109
794
After tax
369
202
1 391
1 706
Living cost
197
197
197
197
Free-cash
172
5
1 194
1 509

Estimated living cost  is £197 per week

£144
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1193
£1145
£848
£1135
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 500
municipal
-
-
-
444
national
-
-
-
544
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
1 023
Employee
469
-
2 103
-
national
8
-
368
-
unemployment
7
-
32
-
health
4
-
29
-
municipal
77
-
342
-
pensions
32
-
142
-
total
128
-
913
-
Employer
469
-
2 103
-
accident
-
-
2
-
pensions
81
-
365
-
unemployment
3
-
14
-
health
4
-
16
-
total
88
-
397
-
Corporate
1 943
2 500
-
-
income
389
500
-
-
total
389
500
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 166
1 500
-
-
municipal
210
270
-
-
national
150
243
-
-
total
360
513
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
965
1 013
1 310
1 023
After tax
1 535
1 487
1 190
1 477
Living cost
342
342
342
342
Free-cash
1 193
1 145
848
1 135

Estimated living cost  is £342 per week

£223
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1565
£1614
£1437
£1456
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
144
income
-
-
-
630
health
-
-
-
64
total
-
-
-
838
Employee
685
685
2 379
-
health
5
12
40
-
social contributions
26
57
77
-
income
75
63
619
-
total
106
132
736
-
Employer
685
685
2 379
-
social contributions
26
57
77
-
health
6
13
44
-
total
32
70
121
-
Corporate
2 156
1 745
-
-
income
270
218
-
-
total
270
218
-
-
Dividends
1 887
1 527
-
-
withholding
321
260
-
-
total
321
260
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
729
680
857
838
After tax
1 771
1 820
1 643
1 662
Living cost
206
206
206
206
Free-cash
1 565
1 614
1 437
1 456

Estimated living cost  is £206 per week

£124
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1884
£1929
£1829
£2008
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
262
pensions
-
-
-
57
health
-
-
-
32
total
-
-
-
351
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

205
-
2 413
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
health
17
-
72
-
pensions
31
-
127
-
income
14
-
240
-
total
63
-
443
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

205
-
2 413
-
pensions
11
-
47
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
health
9
-
36
-
total
21
-
87
-
Corporate
2 274
2 500
-
-
income
205
225
-
-
total
205
225
-
-
Dividends
2 070
2 275
-
-
withholding
186
205
-
-
total
186
205
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
475
430
530
351
After tax
2 025
2 070
1 970
2 149
Living cost
141
141
141
141
Free-cash
1 884
1 929
1 829
2 008

Estimated living cost  is £141 per week

£90
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1370
£1410
£1110
£1147
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
income
-
-
-
860
pensions
-
-
-
234
accident
-
-
-
7
total
-
-
-
1 108
Employee
329
-
2 237
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
other
-
-
1
-
pensions
15
-
39
-
income
64
-
829
-
total
84
-
882
-
Employer
329
-
2 237
-
other
3
-
7
-
accident
7
-
16
-
pensions
78
-
195
-
unemployment
18
-
45
-
total
106
-
263
-
Corporate
2 065
2 500
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

310
375
-
-
total
310
375
-
-
Dividends
1 756
2 125
-
-
withholding
385
470
-
-
total
385
470
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
885
845
1 145
1 108
After tax
1 615
1 655
1 355
1 392
Living cost
245
245
245
245
Free-cash
1 370
1 410
1 110
1 147

Estimated living cost  is £245 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£52
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1541
£1543
£1596
£1598
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
864
pensions
-
-
-
12
health
-
-
-
9
total
-
-
-
885
Employee
26
-
2 486
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
health
1
-
3
-
pensions
2
-
6
-
income
5
-
863
-
total
8
-
873
-
Employer
26
-
2 486
-
pensions
3
-
7
-
unemployment
1
-
1
-
health
2
-
6
-
total
6
-
14
-
Corporate
2 468
2 500
-
-
income
543
550
-
-
total
543
550
-
-
Dividends
1 925
1 950
-
-
withholding
385
390
-
-
total
385
390
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
942
940
887
885
After tax
1 558
1 560
1 613
1 615
Living cost
17
17
17
17
Free-cash
1 541
1 543
1 596
1 598

Estimated living cost  is £17 per week

£10
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£1
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£0
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£5
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1608
£1652
£1509
£1509
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
10
income
-
-
-
588
pensions
-
-
-
171
health
-
-
-
68
total
-
-
-
837
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

232
-
2 382
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
health
12
-
34
-
pensions
32
-
92
-
income
32
-
588
-
total
78
-
719
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

232
-
2 382
-
pensions
28
-
79
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
health
12
-
34
-
total
42
-
118
-
Corporate
2 227
2 500
-
-
income
334
375
-
-
total
334
375
-
-
Dividends
1 893
2 125
-
-
withholding
284
319
-
-
total
284
319
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
738
694
837
837
After tax
1 762
1 806
1 663
1 663
Living cost
154
154
154
154
Free-cash
1 608
1 652
1 509
1 509

Estimated living cost  is £154 per week

£104
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1179
£1182
£826
£1039
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 500
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
869
income
-
-
-
352
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 221
Employee
346
-
2 020
-
surtax
-
-
11
-
social contributions
38
-
222
-
income
68
-
721
-
total
106
-
954
-
Employer
346
-
2 020
-
social contributions
82
-
480
-
total
82
-
480
-
Corporate
2 072
2 500
-
-
income
435
525
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
435
525
-
-
Dividends
1 637
1 975
-
-
withholding
458
553
-
-
total
458
553
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 081
1 078
1 434
1 221
After tax
1 419
1 422
1 066
1 279
Living cost
240
240
240
240
Free-cash
1 179
1 182
826
1 039

Estimated living cost  is £240 per week

£170
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1283
£1342
£1042
£1079
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
income
-
-
-
860
pensions
-
-
-
234
accident
-
-
-
7
total
-
-
-
1 108
Employee
430
-
2 237
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
other
-
-
1
-
pensions
20
-
39
-
income
90
-
829
-
total
117
-
882
-
Employer
430
-
2 237
-
other
3
-
7
-
accident
9
-
16
-
pensions
102
-
195
-
unemployment
24
-
45
-
total
138
-
263
-
Corporate
1 932
2 500
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

290
375
-
-
total
290
375
-
-
Dividends
1 643
2 125
-
-
withholding
359
470
-
-
total
359
470
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
904
845
1 145
1 108
After tax
1 596
1 655
1 355
1 392
Living cost
313
313
313
313
Free-cash
1 283
1 342
1 042
1 079

Estimated living cost  is £313 per week

£225
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£60
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1931
£1984
£1999
£1889
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
1
income
-
-
-
375
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
46
health
-
-
-
36
total
-
-
-
458
Employee
203
-
2 439
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
health
9
-
14
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

18
-
27
-
income
20
-
244
-
total
49
-
288
-
Employer
203
-
2 439
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
health
14
-
21
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 257
2 500
-
-
income
226
250
-
-
total
226
250
-
-
Dividends
2 032
2 250
-
-
withholding
102
113
-
-
total
102
113
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
416
363
348
458
After tax
2 084
2 137
2 152
2 042
Living cost
153
153
153
153
Free-cash
1 931
1 984
1 999
1 889

Estimated living cost  is £153 per week

£101
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£1058
£940
£1171
£872
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 500
trade
-
-
-
299
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
876
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
61
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
48
total
-
-
-
1 284
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

443
-
2 500
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
48
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

61
-
61
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
876
-
total
99
-
985
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 057
2 500
-
-
trade
295
359
-
-
income
309
375
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
21
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
625
760
-
-
Dividends
1 432
1 741
-
-
withholding
355
432
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
24
-
-
total
374
456
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 098
1 216
985
1 284
After tax
1 402
1 284
1 515
1 216
Living cost
344
344
344
344
Free-cash
1 058
940
1 171
872

Estimated living cost  is £344 per week

£237
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£65
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1261
£1242
£700
£700
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
social contributions
-
-
-
439
income
-
-
-
853
total
-
-
-
1 292
Employee
697
-
2 500
-
social contributions
58
-
439
-
income
132
-
853
-
total
190
-
1 292
-
Employer
697
-
2 500
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 803
2 500
-
-
income
225
312
-
-
total
225
312
-
-
Dividends
1 578
2 188
-
-
withholding
316
438
-
-
total
316
438
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
731
750
1 292
1 292
After tax
1 769
1 750
1 208
1 208
Living cost
508
508
508
508
Free-cash
1 261
1 242
700
700

Estimated living cost  is £508 per week

£386
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1286
£1255
£1398
£1748
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 500
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
54
income
-
-
-
375
total
-
-
-
429
Employee
409
-
2 459
-
social contributions
41
-
41
-
income
44
-
697
-
total
85
-
738
-
Employer
409
-
2 459
-
social contributions
41
-
41
-
total
41
-
41
-
Corporate
2 050
2 500
-
-
income
718
875
-
-
total
718
875
-
-
Dividends
1 333
1 625
-
-
social contributions
47
47
-
-
total
47
47
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
891
922
779
429
After tax
1 609
1 578
1 721
2 071
Living cost
323
323
323
323
Free-cash
1 286
1 255
1 398
1 748

Estimated living cost  is £323 per week

£213
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1261
£1209
£1041
£1261
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
income
-
-
-
817
pensions
-
-
-
98
total
-
-
-
915
Employee
445
-
2 175
-
health
6
-
28
-
pensions
34
-
113
-
income
81
-
669
-
total
121
-
810
-
Employer
445
-
2 175
-
pensions
45
-
284
-
health
8
-
41
-
total
53
-
325
-
Corporate
2 001
2 500
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

380
475
-
-
total
380
475
-
-
Dividends
1 621
2 025
-
-
withholding
361
492
-
-
total
361
492
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
915
967
1 135
915
After tax
1 585
1 533
1 365
1 585
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 261
1 209
1 041
1 261

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
£169
-£15
£1174
£1489
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
other
-
-
-
3
income
-
-
-
731
pensions
-
-
-
38
accident
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
20
total
-
-
-
794
Employee
341
-
2 305
-
health
39
-
264
-
pensions
38
-
69
-
income
47
-
582
-
total
124
-
915
-
Employer
341
-
2 305
-
accident
6
-
38
-
pensions
55
-
100
-
unemployment
8
-
56
-
total
69
-
194
-
Corporate
2 090
2 500
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 881
2 250
-
-
total
1 881
2 250
-
-
Dividends
209
250
-
-
withholding
40
48
-
-
total
40
48
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
2 114
2 298
1 109
794
After tax
386
202
1 391
1 706
Living cost
217
217
217
217
Free-cash
169
-15
1 174
1 489

Estimated living cost  is £217 per week

£159
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£41
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1766
£1793
£1757
£1563
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 500
unemployment
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
426
pensions
-
-
-
262
health insurance
-
-
-
105
work injury
-
-
-
7
total
-
-
-
817
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

193
-
2 500
-
health insurance
14
-
53
-
unemployment
2
-
9
-
work injury
1
-
4
-
pensions
35
-
131
-
income
19
-
426
-
total
71
-
623
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 307
2 500
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

231
250
-
-
total
231
250
-
-
Dividends
2 077
2 250
-
-
withholding
312
337
-
-
total
312
337
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
614
587
623
817
After tax
1 886
1 913
1 877
1 683
Living cost
120
120
120
120
Free-cash
1 766
1 793
1 757
1 563

Estimated living cost  is £120 per week

£75
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£922
£962
£774
£848
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 500
regional
-
-
-
65
social contributions
-
-
-
446
municipal
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
768
total
-
-
-
1 297
Employee
751
-
2 500
-
national
127
-
708
-
regional
11
-
61
-
municipal
4
-
17
-
social contributions
253
-
585
-
total
395
-
1 371
-
Employer
751
-
2 500
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 749
2 500
-
-
nationa
420
600
-
-
municipal
84
120
-
-
total
504
720
-
-
Dividends
1 245
1 779
-
-
withholding
324
463
-
-
total
324
463
-
-
Income
2 500
2 500
2 500
2 500
Total tax
1 223
1 183
1 371
1 297
After tax
1 277
1 317
1 129
1 203
Living cost
355
355
355
355
Free-cash
922
962
774
848

Estimated living cost  is £355 per week

£249
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£76
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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