Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2450
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£970
£1067
£899
£1221
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 450
trade
-
-
-
322
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
859
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
47
total
-
-
-
1 287
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

333
-
2 450
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
47
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
859
-
total
69
-
965
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 117
2 450
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
income
318
367
-
-
trade
333
386
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
672
778
-
-
Dividends
1 444
1 672
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

20
23
-
-
withholding
358
415
-
-
total
378
438
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 119
1 216
965
1 287
After tax
1 331
1 234
1 485
1 163
Living cost
264
264
264
264
Free-cash
1 067
970
1 221
899

Estimated living cost  is £264 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1089
£1083
£920
£933
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
275
pensions
-
-
-
294
national
-
-
-
495
social contributions
-
-
-
26
total
-
-
-
1 090
Employee
682
-
2 118
-
municipal
84
-
284
-
pensions
27
-
85
-
national
130
-
516
-
total
241
-
885
-
Employer
682
-
2 118
-
social contributions
7
-
23
-
pensions
55
-
169
-
total
62
-
192
-
Corporate
1 662
2 450
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

332
490
-
-
total
332
490
-
-
Dividends
1 329
1 960
-
-
withholding
292
431
-
-
total
292
431
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
927
921
1 077
1 090
After tax
1 523
1 529
1 373
1 360
Living cost
440
440
440
440
Free-cash
1 083
1 089
933
920

Estimated living cost  is £440 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£93
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1779
£1708
£743
£910
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 450
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
568
surtax
-
-
-
625
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
333
total
-
-
-
1 526
Employee
254
-
1 982
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
114
-
surtax
-
-
287
-
income
45
-
490
-
total
73
-
891
-
Employer
254
-
1 982
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

61
-
250
-
surtax
-
-
218
-
total
61
-
468
-
Corporate
2 134
2 450
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

427
490
-
-
total
427
490
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 708
1 960
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
561
490
1 359
1 526
After tax
1 889
1 960
1 091
924
Living cost
181
181
181
181
Free-cash
1 708
1 779
910
743

Estimated living cost  is £181 per week

£115
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£44
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£861
£807
£924
£1202
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
952
pensions
-
-
-
102
health
-
-
-
107
total
-
-
-
1 161
Employee
743
743
2 288
-
health
114
97
107
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
513
-
pensions
134
102
102
-
total
370
321
722
-
Employer
743
743
2 288
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
pensions
52
52
64
-
health
52
52
64
-
total
131
131
161
-
Corporate
1 586
1 577
-
-
income
317
315
-
-
total
317
315
-
-
Dividends
1 269
1 261
-
-
income
270
268
-
-
withholding
190
189
-
-
total
460
457
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 278
1 224
883
1 161
After tax
1 172
1 226
1 567
1 289
Living cost
365
365
365
365
Free-cash
807
861
1 202
924

Estimated living cost  is £365 per week

£258
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£1002
£994
£862
£854
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
667
accident
-
-
-
1
pensions
-
-
-
80
other
-
-
-
86
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
46
national
-
-
-
371
total
-
-
-
1 252
Employee
479
-
2 218
-
municipal
143
-
662
-
national
-
-
367
-
total
143
-
1 029
-
Employer
479
-
2 218
-
accident
1
-
1
-
other
56
-
86
-
unemployment
13
-
19
-
pensions
52
-
80
-
health
29
-
45
-
total
151
-
231
-
Corporate
1 820
2 450
-
-
income
400
539
-
-
total
400
539
-
-
Dividends
1 420
1 911
-
-
withholding
426
573
-
-
total
426
573
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 120
1 112
1 260
1 252
After tax
1 330
1 338
1 190
1 198
Living cost
336
336
336
336
Free-cash
994
1 002
854
862

Estimated living cost  is £336 per week

£223
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£880
£1003
£807
£1143
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 450
trade
-
-
-
336
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
859
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
47
total
-
-
-
1 301
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

441
-
2 450
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
47
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
859
-
total
99
-
965
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 009
2 450
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
income
301
367
-
-
trade
330
403
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
652
795
-
-
Dividends
1 356
1 654
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
23
-
-
withholding
336
410
-
-
total
354
433
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 105
1 228
965
1 301
After tax
1 345
1 222
1 485
1 149
Living cost
342
342
342
342
Free-cash
1 003
880
1 143
807

Estimated living cost  is £342 per week

£229
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1502
£1466
£1347
£1327
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
618
health
-
-
-
62
social contributions
-
-
-
141
total
-
-
-
821
Employee
669
669
2 332
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
health
7
11
40
-
income
70
62
608
-
total
110
129
723
-
Employer
669
669
2 332
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
health
7
12
43
-
total
40
68
118
-
Corporate
2 019
1 713
-
-
income
252
214
-
-
total
252
214
-
-
Dividends
1 766
1 499
-
-
withholding
300
255
-
-
total
300
255
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
702
666
841
821
After tax
1 748
1 784
1 609
1 629
Living cost
282
282
282
282
Free-cash
1 466
1 502
1 327
1 347

Estimated living cost  is £282 per week

£193
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1217
£1220
£1539
£1261
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
300
pensions
-
-
-
245
unemployment
-
-
-
37
health
-
-
-
171
total
-
-
-
753
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

228
91
2 050
-
health
16
6
144
-
income
28
11
251
-
pensions
23
9
205
-
unemployment
3
1
31
-
total
70
27
631
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

228
91
2 050
-
pensions
45
18
400
-
total
45
18
400
-
Corporate
2 177
2 341
-
-
income
196
211
-
-
total
196
211
-
-
Dividends
1 981
2 131
-
-
social contributions
385
414
-
-
withholding
376
405
-
-
total
761
819
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 072
1 075
1 031
753
After tax
1 378
1 375
1 419
1 697
Living cost
158
158
158
158
Free-cash
1 220
1 217
1 261
1 539

Estimated living cost  is £158 per week

£108
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1750
£1696
£1104
£1202
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
328
pensions
-
-
-
490
health
-
-
-
318
total
-
-
-
1 136
Employee
247
-
1 831
-
income
28
-
353
-
pensions
5
-
37
-
unemployment
4
-
29
-
total
37
-
419
-
Employer
247
-
1 831
-
unemployment
2
-
15
-
pensions
49
-
366
-
health
32
-
238
-
total
83
-
619
-
Corporate
2 120
2 450
-
-
income
424
490
-
-
total
424
490
-
-
Dividends
1 696
1 960
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
544
490
1 038
1 136
After tax
1 906
1 960
1 412
1 314
Living cost
210
210
210
210
Free-cash
1 696
1 750
1 202
1 104

Estimated living cost  is £210 per week

£144
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
£8
£169
£1482
£1174
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
718
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
778
Employee
299
-
2 262
-
health
34
-
259
-
income
41
-
573
-
pensions
34
-
66
-
total
109
-
898
-
Employer
299
-
2 262
-
accident
5
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
55
-
pensions
49
-
95
-
total
61
-
188
-
Corporate
2 090
2 450
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 881
2 205
-
-
total
1 881
2 205
-
-
Dividends
209
245
-
-
withholding
40
47
-
-
total
40
47
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
2 091
2 252
1 086
778
After tax
359
198
1 364
1 672
Living cost
190
190
190
190
Free-cash
169
8
1 174
1 482

Estimated living cost  is £190 per week

£139
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2250
£2234
£2347
£1882
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 450
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
25
total
-
-
-
25
Employee
98
-
2 450
-
income
20
-
490
-
total
20
-
490
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 352
2 450
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 352
2 450
-
-
withholding
118
122
-
-
total
118
122
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
138
122
490
25
After tax
2 312
2 328
1 960
2 425
Living cost
78
78
78
78
Free-cash
2 234
2 250
1 882
2 347

Estimated living cost  is £78 per week

£49
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£7
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£21
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1569
£1510
£1313
£1293
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
466
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
318
other
-
-
-
63
health
-
-
-
58
total
-
-
-
905
Employee
316
-
2 110
-
health
4
-
19
-
income
54
-
460
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
93
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
83
-
585
-
Employer
316
-
2 110
-
accident
3
-
17
-
other
16
-
66
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

54
-
225
-
health
4
-
19
-
total
80
-
340
-
Corporate
2 054
2 450
-
-
income
431
514
-
-
total
431
514
-
-
Dividends
1 623
1 936
-
-
withholding
114
135
-
-
total
114
135
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
708
649
925
905
After tax
1 742
1 801
1 525
1 545
Living cost
232
232
232
232
Free-cash
1 510
1 569
1 293
1 313

Estimated living cost  is £232 per week

£164
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£921
£990
£972
£756
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
797
pensions
-
-
-
97
total
-
-
-
894
Employee
826
-
2 132
-
health
14
-
27
-
income
149
-
653
-
pensions
80
-
112
-
total
243
-
792
-
Employer
826
-
2 132
-
pensions
98
-
278
-
health
16
-
40
-
total
114
-
318
-
Corporate
1 510
2 450
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

287
466
-
-
total
287
466
-
-
Dividends
1 223
1 984
-
-
withholding
232
479
-
-
total
232
479
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
876
945
1 110
894
After tax
1 574
1 505
1 340
1 556
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
990
921
756
972

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1981
£1940
£1887
£1993
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
368
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
449
Employee
151
-
2 390
-
health
7
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
15
-
239
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
total
37
-
283
-
Employer
151
-
2 390
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
health
10
-
21
-
total
30
-
60
-
Corporate
2 269
2 450
-
-
income
227
245
-
-
total
227
245
-
-
Dividends
2 042
2 205
-
-
withholding
102
110
-
-
total
102
110
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
396
355
343
449
After tax
2 054
2 095
2 107
2 001
Living cost
114
114
114
114
Free-cash
1 940
1 981
1 993
1 887

Estimated living cost  is £114 per week

£67
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£743
£766
£806
£1084
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
952
pensions
-
-
-
102
health
-
-
-
107
total
-
-
-
1 161
Employee
807
743
2 288
-
health
101
97
107
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
513
-
pensions
102
102
102
-
total
325
321
722
-
Employer
807
743
2 288
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
pensions
56
52
64
-
health
56
52
64
-
total
141
131
161
-
Corporate
1 502
1 577
-
-
income
300
315
-
-
total
300
315
-
-
Dividends
1 202
1 261
-
-
income
255
268
-
-
withholding
180
189
-
-
total
435
457
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 201
1 224
883
1 161
After tax
1 249
1 226
1 567
1 289
Living cost
483
483
483
483
Free-cash
766
743
1 084
806

Estimated living cost  is £483 per week

£356
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1479
£1404
£1283
£1169
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
273
health
-
-
-
331
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
55
social contributions
-
-
-
300
total
-
-
-
959
Employee
306
-
2 012
-
social contributions
20
-
67
-
health
41
-
272
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
45
-
income
37
-
251
-
total
98
-
635
-
Employer
306
-
2 012
-
social contributions
77
-
257
-
health
28
-
181
-
total
105
-
438
-
Corporate
2 039
2 450
-
-
income
387
465
-
-
total
387
465
-
-
Dividends
1 652
1 985
-
-
withholding
248
298
-
-
total
248
298
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
838
763
1 073
959
After tax
1 612
1 687
1 377
1 491
Living cost
208
208
208
208
Free-cash
1 404
1 479
1 169
1 283

Estimated living cost  is £208 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£940
£896
£845
£771
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
16
regional
-
-
-
33
national
-
-
-
753
social contributions
-
-
-
436
total
-
-
-
1 238
Employee
773
-
2 450
-
social contributions
261
-
571
-
regional
7
-
31
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
national
134
-
695
-
total
406
-
1 312
-
Employer
773
-
2 450
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 677
2 450
-
-
nationa
402
588
-
-
municipal
65
96
-
-
total
467
684
-
-
Dividends
1 209
1 766
-
-
withholding
314
459
-
-
total
314
459
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 187
1 143
1 312
1 238
After tax
1 263
1 307
1 138
1 212
Living cost
367
367
367
367
Free-cash
896
940
771
845

Estimated living cost  is £367 per week

£256
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1349
£1324
£956
£901
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
838
pensions
-
-
-
232
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
148
total
-
-
-
1 302
Employee
288
-
2 206
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
7
-
30
-
surtax
1
-
138
-
income
48
-
786
-
pensions
19
-
77
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
total
95
-
1 112
-
Employer
288
-
2 206
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
pensions
38
-
155
-
health
13
-
53
-
total
60
-
245
-
Corporate
2 102
2 450
-
-
income
546
637
-
-
total
546
637
-
-
Dividends
1 555
1 813
-
-
withholding
233
272
-
-
total
233
272
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
934
909
1 357
1 302
After tax
1 516
1 541
1 093
1 148
Living cost
192
192
192
192
Free-cash
1 324
1 349
901
956

Estimated living cost  is £192 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£52
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1106
£1163
£1157
£941
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
797
pensions
-
-
-
97
total
-
-
-
894
Employee
554
-
2 132
-
health
8
-
27
-
income
100
-
653
-
pensions
47
-
112
-
total
155
-
792
-
Employer
554
-
2 132
-
pensions
60
-
278
-
health
11
-
40
-
total
71
-
318
-
Corporate
1 826
2 450
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

347
466
-
-
total
347
466
-
-
Dividends
1 479
1 984
-
-
withholding
315
479
-
-
total
315
479
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
888
945
1 110
894
After tax
1 562
1 505
1 340
1 556
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 163
1 106
941
1 157

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£463
£743
£1242
£1180
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
city
-
-
-
26
pensions
-
-
-
225
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
49
regional
-
-
-
154
health
-
-
-
6
national
-
-
-
90
total
-
-
-
550
Employee
770
-
2 218
-
city
8
-
24
-
regional
25
-
139
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
65
-
159
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
national
4
-
77
-
total
104
-
404
-
Employer
770
-
2 218
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

15
-
44
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
65
-
159
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
82
-
208
-
Corporate
1 590
2 450
-
-
regional
336
518
-
-
national
135
208
-
-
total
471
726
-
-
Dividends
1 119
1 724
-
-
withholding
392
603
-
-
total
392
603
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 049
1 329
612
550
After tax
1 401
1 121
1 838
1 900
Living cost
658
658
658
658
Free-cash
743
463
1 180
1 242

Estimated living cost  is £658 per week

£428
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£59
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£8
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£163
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£811
£952
£735
£1086
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 450
trade
-
-
-
351
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
859
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
47
total
-
-
-
1 316
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

523
-
2 450
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
47
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

61
-
859
-
total
123
-
965
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 927
2 450
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
income
289
367
-
-
trade
330
420
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
639
812
-
-
Dividends
1 288
1 637
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
22
-
-
withholding
319
406
-
-
total
337
428
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 099
1 240
965
1 316
After tax
1 351
1 210
1 485
1 134
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
952
811
1 086
735

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£291
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£70
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£937
£988
£1000
£895
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
525
pensions
-
-
-
349
other
-
-
-
76
health
-
-
-
132
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
70
total
-
-
-
1 152
Employee
372
-
1 847
-
social contributions
11
-
53
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
22
-
451
-
pensions
42
-
149
-
total
75
-
653
-
Employer
372
-
1 847
-
other
13
-
81
-
social contributions
1
-
6
-
unemployment
15
-
75
-
pensions
61
-
247
-
health
26
-
195
-
total
116
-
604
-
Corporate
1 961
2 450
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
549
686
-
-
total
549
686
-
-
Dividends
1 412
1 764
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
243
303
-
-
withholding
181
226
-
-
total
424
529
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 164
1 215
1 257
1 152
After tax
1 286
1 235
1 193
1 298
Living cost
298
298
298
298
Free-cash
988
937
895
1 000

Estimated living cost  is £298 per week

£188
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£967
£1016
£1030
£925
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
525
pensions
-
-
-
349
other
-
-
-
76
health
-
-
-
132
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
70
total
-
-
-
1 152
Employee
332
-
1 847
-
social contributions
9
-
53
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
17
-
451
-
pensions
38
-
149
-
total
64
-
653
-
Employer
332
-
1 847
-
other
11
-
81
-
social contributions
1
-
6
-
unemployment
13
-
75
-
pensions
55
-
247
-
health
23
-
195
-
total
103
-
604
-
Corporate
2 014
2 450
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
564
686
-
-
total
564
686
-
-
Dividends
1 450
1 764
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
249
303
-
-
withholding
186
226
-
-
total
435
529
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 166
1 215
1 257
1 152
After tax
1 284
1 235
1 193
1 298
Living cost
268
268
268
268
Free-cash
1 016
967
925
1 030

Estimated living cost  is £268 per week

£156
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1311
£1313
£1389
£710
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
367
health
-
-
-
171
social contributions
-
-
-
338
total
-
-
-
876
Employee
295
-
2 450
-
social contributions
41
-
338
-
health
21
-
171
-
income
49
-
1 046
-
total
111
-
1 555
-
Employer
295
-
2 450
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 155
2 450
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

108
122
-
-
total
108
122
-
-
Dividends
2 047
2 328
-
-
health
143
162
-
-
social contributions
283
321
-
-
withholding
307
349
-
-
total
733
832
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
952
954
1 555
876
After tax
1 498
1 496
895
1 574
Living cost
185
185
185
185
Free-cash
1 313
1 311
710
1 389

Estimated living cost  is £185 per week

£123
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1041
£1025
£940
£322
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
income
-
-
-
872
pensions
-
-
-
188
unemployment
-
-
-
53
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
2
total
-
-
-
1 203
Employee
435
347
2 078
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
17
13
39
-
income
50
26
754
-
pensions
45
36
104
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
total
129
88
938
-
Employer
435
347
2 078
-
accident
6
5
13
-
other
21
16
90
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
pensions
55
44
128
-
payroll
13
10
62
-
health
16
13
38
-
total
128
101
372
-
Corporate
1 888
2 002
2 045
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

472
500
511
-
total
472
500
511
-
Dividends
1 416
1 501
-
-
withholding
389
413
-
-
total
389
413
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 118
1 102
1 821
1 203
After tax
1 332
1 348
629
1 247
Living cost
307
307
307
307
Free-cash
1 025
1 041
322
940

Estimated living cost  is £307 per week

£205
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£1000
£922
£751
£494
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
national
-
-
-
1 031
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
134
social contributions
-
-
-
217
total
-
-
-
1 382
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

622
-
1 898
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

32
-
99
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
89
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
142
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
17
-
national
191
-
739
-
total
304
-
1 086
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

622
-
1 898
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
25
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
28
-
surtax
71
-
215
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

55
-
168
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

38
-
117
-
total
181
-
553
-
Corporate
1 646
2 450
-
-
surtax
7
11
-
-
income
329
562
-
-
total
336
573
-
-
Dividends
1 310
1 877
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

390
560
-
-
total
390
560
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 211
1 133
1 639
1 382
After tax
1 239
1 317
811
1 068
Living cost
317
317
317
317
Free-cash
922
1 000
494
751

Estimated living cost  is £317 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1309
£1249
£1051
£1015
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
843
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
1 085
Employee
433
-
2 193
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
91
-
813
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
total
118
-
865
-
Employer
433
-
2 193
-
accident
9
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
24
-
44
-
pensions
102
-
190
-
total
138
-
256
-
Corporate
1 879
2 450
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

282
367
-
-
total
282
367
-
-
Dividends
1 597
2 083
-
-
withholding
349
460
-
-
total
349
460
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
887
827
1 121
1 085
After tax
1 563
1 623
1 329
1 365
Living cost
314
314
314
314
Free-cash
1 249
1 309
1 015
1 051

Estimated living cost  is £314 per week

£231
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£872
£751
£683
£745
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
543
pensions
-
-
-
307
health
-
-
-
144
surtax
-
-
-
128
communal
-
-
-
155
total
-
-
-
1 294
Employee
659
-
2 203
-
health
29
-
92
-
surtax
40
-
136
-
income
64
-
590
-
pensions
53
-
166
-
total
186
-
984
-
Employer
659
-
2 203
-
accident
6
-
19
-
pensions
53
-
166
-
health
20
-
63
-
total
79
-
248
-
Corporate
1 712
2 450
-
-
surtax
18
26
-
-
communal
116
165
-
-
income
257
367
-
-
total
391
558
-
-
Dividends
1 322
1 891
-
-
income
372
263
-
-
withholding
198
284
-
-
total
570
547
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 226
1 105
1 232
1 294
After tax
1 224
1 345
1 218
1 156
Living cost
473
473
473
473
Free-cash
751
872
745
683

Estimated living cost  is £473 per week

£355
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£84
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1346
£1319
£953
£898
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
838
pensions
-
-
-
232
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
148
total
-
-
-
1 302
Employee
293
-
2 206
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
7
-
30
-
surtax
1
-
138
-
income
49
-
786
-
pensions
20
-
77
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
total
97
-
1 112
-
Employer
293
-
2 206
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
pensions
39
-
155
-
health
13
-
53
-
total
61
-
245
-
Corporate
2 095
2 450
-
-
income
545
637
-
-
total
545
637
-
-
Dividends
1 550
1 813
-
-
withholding
233
272
-
-
total
233
272
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
936
909
1 357
1 302
After tax
1 514
1 541
1 093
1 148
Living cost
195
195
195
195
Free-cash
1 319
1 346
898
953

Estimated living cost  is £195 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1054
£1035
£970
£897
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
16
regional
-
-
-
41
national
-
-
-
753
social contributions
-
-
-
436
total
-
-
-
1 246
Employee
483
-
2 450
-
social contributions
163
-
571
-
regional
6
-
38
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
national
76
-
695
-
total
248
-
1 319
-
Employer
483
-
2 450
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 967
2 450
-
-
nationa
472
588
-
-
municipal
98
122
-
-
total
570
710
-
-
Dividends
1 397
1 740
-
-
withholding
363
452
-
-
total
363
452
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 181
1 162
1 319
1 246
After tax
1 269
1 288
1 131
1 204
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 035
1 054
897
970

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£146
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1430
£1339
£1234
£1120
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
273
health
-
-
-
331
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
55
social contributions
-
-
-
300
total
-
-
-
959
Employee
378
-
2 012
-
social contributions
25
-
67
-
health
51
-
272
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
45
-
income
45
-
251
-
total
121
-
635
-
Employer
378
-
2 012
-
social contributions
94
-
257
-
health
34
-
181
-
total
128
-
438
-
Corporate
1 944
2 450
-
-
income
369
465
-
-
total
369
465
-
-
Dividends
1 575
1 985
-
-
withholding
236
298
-
-
total
236
298
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
854
763
1 073
959
After tax
1 596
1 687
1 377
1 491
Living cost
257
257
257
257
Free-cash
1 339
1 430
1 120
1 234

Estimated living cost  is £257 per week

£191
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£14
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1071
£1066
£971
£351
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
income
-
-
-
872
pensions
-
-
-
188
unemployment
-
-
-
53
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 201
Employee
380
347
2 080
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
15
13
39
-
income
34
26
755
-
pensions
39
36
104
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
total
103
88
939
-
Employer
380
347
2 080
-
accident
5
5
13
-
other
18
16
90
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
48
44
128
-
payroll
11
10
62
-
health
14
13
38
-
total
109
99
370
-
Corporate
1 960
2 003
2 047
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

490
501
512
-
total
490
501
512
-
Dividends
1 470
1 503
-
-
withholding
404
413
-
-
total
404
413
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 106
1 101
1 821
1 201
After tax
1 344
1 349
629
1 249
Living cost
278
278
278
278
Free-cash
1 066
1 071
351
971

Estimated living cost  is £278 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2206
£2183
£2303
£1838
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 450
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
25
total
-
-
-
25
Employee
152
-
2 450
-
income
30
-
490
-
total
30
-
490
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 298
2 450
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 298
2 450
-
-
withholding
115
122
-
-
total
115
122
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
145
122
490
25
After tax
2 305
2 328
1 960
2 425
Living cost
122
122
122
122
Free-cash
2 183
2 206
1 838
2 303

Estimated living cost  is £122 per week

£83
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£30
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1453
£1380
£853
£799
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
672
pensions
-
-
-
447
unemployment
-
-
-
4
health
-
-
-
241
total
-
-
-
1 364
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

385
-
2 120
-
health
25
-
137
-
income
66
-
619
-
pensions
60
-
329
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
total
152
-
1 088
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

385
-
2 120
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
34
-
188
-
health
26
-
141
-
total
60
-
330
-
Corporate
2 005
2 450
-
-
income
381
466
-
-
total
381
466
-
-
Dividends
1 624
1 984
-
-
withholding
244
298
-
-
total
244
298
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
837
764
1 418
1 364
After tax
1 613
1 686
1 032
1 086
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
1 380
1 453
799
853

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£160
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£1115
£700
£1317
£1960
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
478
social contributions
-
-
-
279
total
-
-
-
757
Employee
539
-
-
-
social contributions
44
-
6
-
income
119
-
-
-
total
163
-
6
-
Employer
539
-
-
-
social contributions
760
-
108
-
total
760
-
108
-
Corporate
1 152
2 450
-
-
income
253
539
-
-
total
253
539
-
-
Dividends
898
1 911
-
-
income
198
420
-
-
total
198
420
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 374
959
114
757
After tax
1 076
1 491
2 336
1 693
Living cost
376
376
376
376
Free-cash
700
1 115
1 960
1 317

Estimated living cost  is £376 per week

£244
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£92
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1121
£1113
£981
£771
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
345
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
851
total
-
-
-
1 196
Employee
400
-
1 980
-
social contributions
44
-
218
-
surtax
-
-
11
-
income
83
-
707
-
total
127
-
936
-
Employer
400
-
1 980
-
social contributions
95
-
470
-
total
95
-
470
-
Corporate
1 955
2 450
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
410
514
-
-
total
410
514
-
-
Dividends
1 544
1 936
-
-
withholding
432
542
-
-
total
432
542
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 064
1 056
1 406
1 196
After tax
1 386
1 394
1 044
1 254
Living cost
273
273
273
273
Free-cash
1 113
1 121
771
981

Estimated living cost  is £273 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£815
£872
£878
£773
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
525
pensions
-
-
-
349
other
-
-
-
76
health
-
-
-
132
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
70
total
-
-
-
1 152
Employee
545
-
1 847
-
social contributions
16
-
53
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
48
-
451
-
pensions
62
-
149
-
total
126
-
653
-
Employer
545
-
1 847
-
other
19
-
81
-
social contributions
2
-
6
-
unemployment
22
-
75
-
pensions
90
-
247
-
health
38
-
195
-
total
171
-
604
-
Corporate
1 735
2 450
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
486
686
-
-
total
486
686
-
-
Dividends
1 249
1 764
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
215
303
-
-
withholding
160
226
-
-
total
375
529
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 158
1 215
1 257
1 152
After tax
1 292
1 235
1 193
1 298
Living cost
420
420
420
420
Free-cash
872
815
773
878

Estimated living cost  is £420 per week

£284
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£96
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1943
£1914
£1511
£1576
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
138
social contributions
-
-
-
539
total
-
-
-
677
Employee
280
-
2 121
-
income
-
-
145
-
social contributions
18
-
138
-
total
18
-
283
-
Employer
280
-
2 121
-
social contributions
43
-
329
-
total
43
-
329
-
Corporate
2 127
2 450
-
-
income
213
245
-
-
total
213
245
-
-
Dividends
1 914
2 205
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
274
245
612
677
After tax
2 176
2 205
1 838
1 773
Living cost
262
262
262
262
Free-cash
1 914
1 943
1 576
1 511

Estimated living cost  is £262 per week

£169
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£553
£268
£973
£553
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
538
pensions
-
-
-
8
national
-
-
-
317
labour market
-
-
-
195
total
-
-
-
1 058
Employee
1 770
1 770
1 770
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
national
216
216
216
-
municipal
377
377
377
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
total
737
737
737
-
Employer
1 770
1 770
1 770
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
municipal
377
377
377
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
national
217
217
217
-
total
741
741
741
-
Corporate
553
-
-
-
income
122
-
-
-
total
122
-
-
-
Dividends
432
-
-
-
withholding
163
-
-
-
total
163
-
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 763
1 478
1 478
1 058
After tax
687
972
972
1 392
Living cost
419
419
419
419
Free-cash
268
553
553
973

Estimated living cost  is £419 per week

£287
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£89
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£10
£170
£1484
£1176
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
718
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
778
Employee
295
-
2 262
-
health
34
-
259
-
income
40
-
573
-
pensions
33
-
66
-
total
107
-
898
-
Employer
295
-
2 262
-
accident
5
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
55
-
pensions
48
-
95
-
total
60
-
188
-
Corporate
2 095
2 450
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 885
2 205
-
-
total
1 885
2 205
-
-
Dividends
209
245
-
-
withholding
40
47
-
-
total
40
47
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
2 092
2 252
1 086
778
After tax
358
198
1 364
1 672
Living cost
188
188
188
188
Free-cash
170
10
1 176
1 484

Estimated living cost  is £188 per week

£136
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1123
£1171
£1113
£833
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
435
health
-
-
-
34
national
-
-
-
534
total
-
-
-
1 003
Employee
458
-
2 061
-
health
3
-
28
-
municipal
75
-
335
-
pensions
31
-
139
-
unemployment
7
-
31
-
national
8
-
361
-
total
124
-
894
-
Employer
458
-
2 061
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions
79
-
358
-
health
4
-
16
-
total
86
-
389
-
Corporate
1 906
2 450
-
-
income
381
490
-
-
total
381
490
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 143
1 470
-
-
national
148
238
-
-
municipal
206
265
-
-
total
354
503
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
945
993
1 283
1 003
After tax
1 505
1 457
1 167
1 447
Living cost
334
334
334
334
Free-cash
1 171
1 123
833
1 113

Estimated living cost  is £334 per week

£218
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1583
£1537
£1428
£1408
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
618
health
-
-
-
62
social contributions
-
-
-
141
total
-
-
-
821
Employee
669
669
2 332
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
health
5
11
40
-
income
73
62
608
-
total
103
129
723
-
Employer
669
669
2 332
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
health
6
12
43
-
total
31
68
118
-
Corporate
2 114
1 713
-
-
income
264
214
-
-
total
264
214
-
-
Dividends
1 850
1 499
-
-
withholding
314
255
-
-
total
314
255
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
712
666
841
821
After tax
1 738
1 784
1 609
1 629
Living cost
201
201
201
201
Free-cash
1 537
1 583
1 408
1 428

Estimated living cost  is £201 per week

£121
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1890
£1845
£1969
£1794
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
257
pensions
-
-
-
55
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
31
total
-
-
-
343
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

200
-
2 365
-
health
17
-
70
-
income
14
-
235
-
pensions
30
-
124
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
62
-
433
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

200
-
2 365
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
11
-
45
-
health
9
-
36
-
total
21
-
85
-
Corporate
2 230
2 450
-
-
income
201
221
-
-
total
201
221
-
-
Dividends
2 029
2 229
-
-
withholding
183
201
-
-
total
183
201
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
467
422
518
343
After tax
1 983
2 028
1 932
2 107
Living cost
138
138
138
138
Free-cash
1 845
1 890
1 794
1 969

Estimated living cost  is £138 per week

£88
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1384
£1344
£1126
£1090
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
843
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
1 085
Employee
322
-
2 193
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
62
-
813
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
total
82
-
865
-
Employer
322
-
2 193
-
accident
6
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
18
-
44
-
pensions
76
-
190
-
total
103
-
256
-
Corporate
2 026
2 450
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

304
367
-
-
total
304
367
-
-
Dividends
1 722
2 083
-
-
withholding
378
460
-
-
total
378
460
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
867
827
1 121
1 085
After tax
1 583
1 623
1 329
1 365
Living cost
239
239
239
239
Free-cash
1 344
1 384
1 090
1 126

Estimated living cost  is £239 per week

£162
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£51
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1505
£1502
£1554
£1552
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
842
pensions
-
-
-
17
health
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
872
Employee
36
-
2 430
-
health
2
-
4
-
income
7
-
841
-
pensions
3
-
8
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
12
-
854
-
Employer
36
-
2 430
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions
4
-
10
-
health
3
-
8
-
total
8
-
20
-
Corporate
2 406
2 450
-
-
income
529
539
-
-
total
529
539
-
-
Dividends
1 876
1 911
-
-
withholding
375
382
-
-
total
375
382
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
924
921
874
872
After tax
1 526
1 529
1 576
1 578
Living cost
24
24
24
24
Free-cash
1 502
1 505
1 552
1 554

Estimated living cost  is £24 per week

£14
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£2
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£1
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£7
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1620
£1577
£1481
£1481
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
576
pensions
-
-
-
167
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
66
total
-
-
-
819
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

227
-
2 335
-
health
12
-
33
-
income
31
-
576
-
pensions
32
-
90
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
77
-
704
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

227
-
2 335
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
27
-
77
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
41
-
115
-
Corporate
2 182
2 450
-
-
income
327
368
-
-
total
327
368
-
-
Dividends
1 855
2 082
-
-
withholding
278
312
-
-
total
278
312
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
723
680
819
819
After tax
1 727
1 770
1 631
1 631
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 577
1 620
1 481
1 481

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£101
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1159
£1156
£1019
£809
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
345
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
851
total
-
-
-
1 196
Employee
338
-
1 980
-
social contributions
37
-
218
-
surtax
-
-
11
-
income
66
-
707
-
total
103
-
936
-
Employer
338
-
1 980
-
social contributions
80
-
470
-
total
80
-
470
-
Corporate
2 032
2 450
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
427
514
-
-
total
427
514
-
-
Dividends
1 605
1 936
-
-
withholding
449
542
-
-
total
449
542
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 059
1 056
1 406
1 196
After tax
1 391
1 394
1 044
1 254
Living cost
235
235
235
235
Free-cash
1 156
1 159
809
1 019

Estimated living cost  is £235 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1317
£1260
£1059
£1023
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
843
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
1 085
Employee
420
-
2 193
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
88
-
813
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
total
115
-
865
-
Employer
420
-
2 193
-
accident
8
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
23
-
44
-
pensions
99
-
190
-
total
133
-
256
-
Corporate
1 896
2 450
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

284
367
-
-
total
284
367
-
-
Dividends
1 611
2 083
-
-
withholding
352
460
-
-
total
352
460
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
884
827
1 121
1 085
After tax
1 566
1 623
1 329
1 365
Living cost
306
306
306
306
Free-cash
1 260
1 317
1 023
1 059

Estimated living cost  is £306 per week

£220
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1945
£1892
£1851
£1957
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
368
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
449
Employee
198
-
2 390
-
health
9
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
20
-
239
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
27
-
total
48
-
283
-
Employer
198
-
2 390
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
health
14
-
21
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 213
2 450
-
-
income
221
245
-
-
total
221
245
-
-
Dividends
1 991
2 205
-
-
withholding
100
110
-
-
total
100
110
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
408
355
343
449
After tax
2 042
2 095
2 107
2 001
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 892
1 945
1 957
1 851

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£99
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£924
£1037
£855
£1149
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 450
trade
-
-
-
294
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
859
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
47
total
-
-
-
1 259
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

433
-
2 450
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
47
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
859
-
total
97
-
965
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 017
2 450
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
income
303
367
-
-
trade
289
352
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
613
744
-
-
Dividends
1 404
1 706
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
withholding
348
423
-
-
total
367
446
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 077
1 190
965
1 259
After tax
1 373
1 260
1 485
1 191
Living cost
336
336
336
336
Free-cash
1 037
924
1 149
855

Estimated living cost  is £336 per week

£232
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1219
£1238
£688
£688
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
836
social contributions
-
-
-
430
total
-
-
-
1 266
Employee
681
-
2 450
-
income
128
-
836
-
social contributions
57
-
430
-
total
185
-
1 266
-
Employer
681
-
2 450
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 769
2 450
-
-
income
221
306
-
-
total
221
306
-
-
Dividends
1 548
2 144
-
-
withholding
310
429
-
-
total
310
429
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
716
735
1 266
1 266
After tax
1 734
1 715
1 184
1 184
Living cost
496
496
496
496
Free-cash
1 238
1 219
688
688

Estimated living cost  is £496 per week

£377
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£40
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1230
£1261
£1709
£1370
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
367
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
58
total
-
-
-
425
Employee
399
-
2 410
-
income
43
-
684
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
83
-
724
-
Employer
399
-
2 410
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
2 011
2 450
-
-
income
704
858
-
-
total
704
858
-
-
Dividends
1 307
1 592
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
873
904
764
425
After tax
1 577
1 546
1 686
2 025
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
1 261
1 230
1 370
1 709

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£208
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1181
£1233
£1232
£1016
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
income
-
-
-
797
pensions
-
-
-
97
total
-
-
-
894
Employee
445
-
2 132
-
health
6
-
27
-
income
81
-
653
-
pensions
34
-
112
-
total
121
-
792
-
Employer
445
-
2 132
-
pensions
45
-
278
-
health
8
-
40
-
total
53
-
318
-
Corporate
1 951
2 450
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

371
466
-
-
total
371
466
-
-
Dividends
1 581
1 984
-
-
withholding
348
479
-
-
total
348
479
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
893
945
1 110
894
After tax
1 557
1 505
1 340
1 556
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 233
1 181
1 016
1 232

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£8
£168
£1466
£1158
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
718
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
778
Employee
324
-
2 262
-
health
37
-
259
-
income
44
-
573
-
pensions
36
-
66
-
total
117
-
898
-
Employer
324
-
2 262
-
accident
5
-
38
-
unemployment
8
-
55
-
pensions
53
-
95
-
total
66
-
188
-
Corporate
2 060
2 450
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 854
2 205
-
-
total
1 854
2 205
-
-
Dividends
206
245
-
-
withholding
39
47
-
-
total
39
47
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
2 076
2 252
1 086
778
After tax
374
198
1 364
1 672
Living cost
206
206
206
206
Free-cash
168
-8
1 158
1 466

Estimated living cost  is £206 per week

£151
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1756
£1730
£1531
£1724
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 450
work injury
-
-
-
7
health insurance
-
-
-
103
income
-
-
-
418
pensions
-
-
-
256
unemployment
-
-
-
17
total
-
-
-
801
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

188
-
2 450
-
work injury
1
-
3
-
income
19
-
418
-
pensions
35
-
128
-
health insurance
14
-
51
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
total
71
-
608
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 262
2 450
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

226
245
-
-
total
226
245
-
-
Dividends
2 036
2 205
-
-
withholding
305
331
-
-
total
305
331
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
602
576
608
801
After tax
1 848
1 874
1 842
1 649
Living cost
118
118
118
118
Free-cash
1 730
1 756
1 724
1 531

Estimated living cost  is £118 per week

£73
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£944
£904
£832
£760
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 450
municipal
-
-
-
18
regional
-
-
-
64
national
-
-
-
753
social contributions
-
-
-
436
total
-
-
-
1 271
Employee
733
-
2 450
-
social contributions
247
-
571
-
regional
11
-
60
-
municipal
4
-
17
-
national
124
-
695
-
total
386
-
1 343
-
Employer
733
-
2 450
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 717
2 450
-
-
nationa
412
588
-
-
municipal
83
118
-
-
total
495
706
-
-
Dividends
1 222
1 744
-
-
withholding
318
453
-
-
total
318
453
-
-
Income
2 450
2 450
2 450
2 450
Total tax
1 199
1 159
1 343
1 271
After tax
1 251
1 291
1 107
1 179
Living cost
347
347
347
347
Free-cash
904
944
760
832

Estimated living cost  is £347 per week

£244
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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Estimated living cost

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