Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2400
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£945
£1193
£879
£1042
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
trade
-
-
-
314
total
-
-
-
1 257
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

333
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
838
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
69
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 067
2 400
-
-
income
310
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
326
378
-
-
total
657
763
-
-
Dividends
1 410
1 637
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
22
-
-
withholding
349
406
-
-
total
368
428
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 094
1 191
943
1 257
After tax
1 306
1 209
1 457
1 143
Living cost
264
264
264
264
Free-cash
1 042
945
1 193
879

Estimated living cost  is £264 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1035
£892
£878
£1027
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
26
municipal
-
-
-
269
national
-
-
-
476
pensions
-
-
-
288
total
-
-
-
1 059
Employee
718
-
2 075
-
municipal
89
-
278
-
pensions
29
-
83
-
national
137
-
496
-
total
255
-
857
-
Employer
718
-
2 075
-
pensions
57
-
166
-
social contributions
8
-
22
-
total
65
-
188
-
Corporate
1 570
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

314
480
-
-
total
314
480
-
-
Dividends
1 256
1 920
-
-
withholding
276
422
-
-
total
276
422
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
910
902
1 045
1 059
After tax
1 490
1 498
1 355
1 341
Living cost
463
463
463
463
Free-cash
1 027
1 035
892
878

Estimated living cost  is £463 per week

£315
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£98
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1739
£886
£722
£1668
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
552
surtax
-
-
-
612
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
333
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 497
Employee
254
-
1 937
-
surtax
-
-
281
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
114
-
income
45
-
475
-
total
73
-
870
-
Employer
254
-
1 937
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

61
-
250
-
surtax
-
-
213
-
total
61
-
463
-
Corporate
2 084
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

417
480
-
-
total
417
480
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 668
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
551
480
1 333
1 497
After tax
1 849
1 920
1 067
903
Living cost
181
181
181
181
Free-cash
1 668
1 739
886
722

Estimated living cost  is £181 per week

£116
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£44
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£835
£1170
£900
£782
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
926
health
-
-
-
107
pensions
-
-
-
102
total
-
-
-
1 135
Employee
743
743
2 238
-
pensions
134
102
102
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
495
-
health
114
97
107
-
total
370
321
704
-
Employer
743
743
2 238
-
health
52
52
64
-
pensions
52
52
64
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
total
131
131
161
-
Corporate
1 536
1 527
-
-
income
307
305
-
-
total
307
305
-
-
Dividends
1 229
1 221
-
-
income
261
260
-
-
withholding
184
183
-
-
total
445
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 253
1 200
865
1 135
After tax
1 147
1 200
1 535
1 265
Living cost
365
365
365
365
Free-cash
782
835
1 170
900

Estimated living cost  is £365 per week

£258
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£960
£821
£829
£952
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
other
-
-
-
89
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
48
municipal
-
-
-
649
national
-
-
-
349
pensions
-
-
-
83
total
-
-
-
1 221
Employee
499
-
2 159
-
municipal
149
-
644
-
national
-
-
344
-
total
149
-
988
-
Employer
499
-
2 159
-
health
31
-
47
-
pensions
54
-
83
-
accident
1
-
2
-
unemployment
13
-
20
-
other
58
-
89
-
total
157
-
241
-
Corporate
1 744
2 400
-
-
income
384
528
-
-
total
384
528
-
-
Dividends
1 361
1 872
-
-
withholding
408
562
-
-
total
408
562
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 098
1 090
1 229
1 221
After tax
1 302
1 310
1 171
1 179
Living cost
350
350
350
350
Free-cash
952
960
821
829

Estimated living cost  is £350 per week

£232
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£854
£1115
£787
£978
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
trade
-
-
-
328
total
-
-
-
1 271
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

441
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
838
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
99
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 959
2 400
-
-
income
294
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
322
395
-
-
total
636
780
-
-
Dividends
1 322
1 621
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
22
-
-
withholding
327
402
-
-
total
345
424
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 080
1 204
943
1 271
After tax
1 320
1 196
1 457
1 129
Living cost
342
342
342
342
Free-cash
978
854
1 115
787

Estimated living cost  is £342 per week

£229
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1466
£1296
£1315
£1429
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
601
social contributions
-
-
-
141
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
803
Employee
669
669
2 283
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
income
70
62
591
-
health
7
11
39
-
total
110
129
705
-
Employer
669
669
2 283
-
health
7
12
42
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
total
40
68
117
-
Corporate
1 968
1 663
-
-
income
246
208
-
-
total
246
208
-
-
Dividends
1 722
1 455
-
-
withholding
293
247
-
-
total
293
247
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
689
652
822
803
After tax
1 711
1 748
1 578
1 597
Living cost
282
282
282
282
Free-cash
1 429
1 466
1 296
1 315

Estimated living cost  is £282 per week

£193
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1192
£1234
£1507
£1193
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
293
unemployment
-
-
-
36
health
-
-
-
168
pensions
-
-
-
240
total
-
-
-
737
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

225
90
2 008
-
unemployment
3
1
30
-
pensions
23
9
201
-
income
28
11
246
-
health
16
6
141
-
total
70
27
618
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

225
90
2 008
-
pensions
44
17
392
-
total
44
17
392
-
Corporate
2 131
2 293
-
-
income
192
206
-
-
total
192
206
-
-
Dividends
1 939
2 087
-
-
social contributions
377
406
-
-
withholding
368
396
-
-
total
745
802
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 051
1 052
1 010
737
After tax
1 349
1 348
1 390
1 663
Living cost
156
156
156
156
Free-cash
1 193
1 192
1 234
1 507

Estimated living cost  is £156 per week

£106
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1710
£1173
£1076
£1656
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
322
health
-
-
-
312
pensions
-
-
-
480
total
-
-
-
1 114
Employee
247
-
1 794
-
unemployment
4
-
29
-
pensions
5
-
36
-
income
28
-
346
-
total
37
-
411
-
Employer
247
-
1 794
-
health
32
-
233
-
pensions
49
-
359
-
unemployment
2
-
14
-
total
83
-
606
-
Corporate
2 070
2 400
-
-
income
414
480
-
-
total
414
480
-
-
Dividends
1 656
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
534
480
1 017
1 114
After tax
1 866
1 920
1 383
1 286
Living cost
210
210
210
210
Free-cash
1 656
1 710
1 173
1 076

Estimated living cost  is £210 per week

£144
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
£0
£1140
£1444
£165
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
701
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
305
-
2 212
-
pensions
34
-
67
-
income
42
-
558
-
health
35
-
253
-
total
111
-
878
-
Employer
305
-
2 212
-
pensions
50
-
97
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
62
-
188
-
Corporate
2 033
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 829
2 160
-
-
total
1 829
2 160
-
-
Dividends
203
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 041
2 206
1 066
762
After tax
359
194
1 334
1 638
Living cost
194
194
194
194
Free-cash
165
-
1 140
1 444

Estimated living cost  is £194 per week

£142
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2210
£1850
£2306
£2197
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
87
-
2 400
-
income
17
-
480
-
total
17
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 313
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 313
2 400
-
-
withholding
116
120
-
-
total
116
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
133
120
480
24
After tax
2 267
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
70
70
70
70
Free-cash
2 197
2 210
1 850
2 306

Estimated living cost  is £70 per week

£43
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£6
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£19
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1531
£1257
£1276
£1473
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
453
other
-
-
-
63
health
-
-
-
58
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
318
total
-
-
-
892
Employee
316
-
2 061
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
93
-
income
54
-
447
-
health
4
-
19
-
total
83
-
572
-
Employer
316
-
2 061
-
health
4
-
19
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

54
-
225
-
accident
3
-
16
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
other
16
-
66
-
total
80
-
339
-
Corporate
2 004
2 400
-
-
income
421
504
-
-
total
421
504
-
-
Dividends
1 583
1 896
-
-
withholding
111
133
-
-
total
111
133
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
695
637
911
892
After tax
1 705
1 763
1 489
1 508
Living cost
232
232
232
232
Free-cash
1 473
1 531
1 257
1 276

Estimated living cost  is £232 per week

£164
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£894
£729
£943
£962
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
826
-
2 089
-
pensions
80
-
112
-
income
149
-
636
-
health
14
-
27
-
total
243
-
775
-
Employer
826
-
2 089
-
health
16
-
40
-
pensions
98
-
272
-
total
114
-
312
-
Corporate
1 460
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

278
456
-
-
total
278
456
-
-
Dividends
1 183
1 944
-
-
withholding
219
466
-
-
total
219
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
854
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 546
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
962
894
729
943

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1938
£1948
£1845
£1897
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
151
-
2 340
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
income
15
-
234
-
health
7
-
14
-
total
37
-
278
-
Employer
151
-
2 340
-
health
10
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
30
-
60
-
Corporate
2 219
2 400
-
-
income
222
240
-
-
total
222
240
-
-
Dividends
1 997
2 160
-
-
withholding
100
108
-
-
total
100
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
389
348
338
441
After tax
2 011
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
114
114
114
114
Free-cash
1 897
1 938
1 948
1 845

Estimated living cost  is £114 per week

£67
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£717
£1052
£782
£740
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
926
health
-
-
-
107
pensions
-
-
-
102
total
-
-
-
1 135
Employee
807
743
2 238
-
pensions
102
102
102
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
495
-
health
101
97
107
-
total
325
321
704
-
Employer
807
743
2 238
-
health
56
52
64
-
pensions
56
52
64
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
total
141
131
161
-
Corporate
1 452
1 527
-
-
income
290
305
-
-
total
290
305
-
-
Dividends
1 161
1 221
-
-
income
247
260
-
-
withholding
174
183
-
-
total
421
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 177
1 200
865
1 135
After tax
1 223
1 200
1 535
1 265
Living cost
483
483
483
483
Free-cash
740
717
1 052
782

Estimated living cost  is £483 per week

£356
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1439
£1131
£1241
£1364
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
265
social contributions
-
-
-
307
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
50
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
946
Employee
313
-
1 961
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
40
-
social contributions
20
-
68
-
income
38
-
244
-
health
42
-
265
-
total
100
-
617
-
Employer
313
-
1 961
-
health
28
-
176
-
social contributions
78
-
263
-
total
106
-
439
-
Corporate
1 980
2 400
-
-
income
376
456
-
-
total
376
456
-
-
Dividends
1 604
1 944
-
-
withholding
241
292
-
-
total
241
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
823
748
1 056
946
After tax
1 577
1 652
1 344
1 454
Living cost
213
213
213
213
Free-cash
1 364
1 439
1 131
1 241

Estimated living cost  is £213 per week

£148
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£913
£743
£817
£869
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
436
regional
-
-
-
32
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
732
total
-
-
-
1 216
Employee
774
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
national
134
-
674
-
regional
7
-
30
-
social contributions
261
-
571
-
total
406
-
1 290
-
Employer
774
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 626
2 400
-
-
municipal
63
94
-
-
nationa
390
576
-
-
total
453
670
-
-
Dividends
1 173
1 730
-
-
withholding
305
450
-
-
total
305
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 164
1 120
1 290
1 216
After tax
1 236
1 280
1 110
1 184
Living cost
367
367
367
367
Free-cash
869
913
743
817

Estimated living cost  is £367 per week

£256
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1318
£879
£933
£1292
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
815
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
144
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
pensions
-
-
-
232
total
-
-
-
1 275
Employee
288
-
2 155
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
pensions
19
-
77
-
surtax
1
-
133
-
income
48
-
763
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
95
-
1 084
-
Employer
288
-
2 155
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
38
-
155
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
60
-
245
-
Corporate
2 052
2 400
-
-
income
533
624
-
-
total
533
624
-
-
Dividends
1 518
1 776
-
-
withholding
228
266
-
-
total
228
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
916
890
1 329
1 275
After tax
1 484
1 510
1 071
1 125
Living cost
192
192
192
192
Free-cash
1 292
1 318
879
933

Estimated living cost  is £192 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£52
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1079
£914
£1128
£1136
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
554
-
2 089
-
pensions
47
-
112
-
income
100
-
636
-
health
8
-
27
-
total
155
-
775
-
Employer
554
-
2 089
-
health
11
-
40
-
pensions
60
-
272
-
total
71
-
312
-
Corporate
1 776
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

337
456
-
-
total
337
456
-
-
Dividends
1 438
1 944
-
-
withholding
302
466
-
-
total
302
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
865
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 535
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 136
1 079
914
1 128

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£408
£1116
£1185
£703
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
48
regional
-
-
-
146
health
-
-
-
5
city
-
-
-
25
national
-
-
-
81
pensions
-
-
-
221
total
-
-
-
526
Employee
806
-
2 169
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
68
-
159
-
national
4
-
68
-
regional
26
-
132
-
city
9
-
24
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
109
-
388
-
Employer
806
-
2 169
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
68
-
159
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
43
-
total
86
-
207
-
Corporate
1 500
2 400
-
-
regional
317
508
-
-
national
127
204
-
-
total
444
712
-
-
Dividends
1 055
1 688
-
-
withholding
369
591
-
-
total
369
591
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 008
1 303
595
526
After tax
1 392
1 097
1 805
1 874
Living cost
689
689
689
689
Free-cash
703
408
1 116
1 185

Estimated living cost  is £689 per week

£448
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£62
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£8
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£171
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£784
£1058
£716
£927
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
trade
-
-
-
342
total
-
-
-
1 285
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

523
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

62
-
838
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
124
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 877
2 400
-
-
income
282
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
322
412
-
-
total
623
797
-
-
Dividends
1 254
1 604
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
22
-
-
withholding
310
398
-
-
total
327
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 074
1 217
943
1 285
After tax
1 326
1 183
1 457
1 115
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
927
784
1 058
716

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£291
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£70
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£912
£879
£978
£963
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
508
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
129
pensions
-
-
-
345
total
-
-
-
1 124
Employee
373
-
1 811
-
pensions
42
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
11
-
52
-
income
22
-
438
-
total
75
-
635
-
Employer
373
-
1 811
-
health
26
-
190
-
pensions
61
-
241
-
unemployment
15
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
13
-
79
-
total
116
-
588
-
Corporate
1 911
2 400
-
-
income
535
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
535
672
-
-
Dividends
1 376
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
237
297
-
-
withholding
176
221
-
-
total
413
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 139
1 190
1 223
1 124
After tax
1 261
1 210
1 177
1 276
Living cost
298
298
298
298
Free-cash
963
912
879
978

Estimated living cost  is £298 per week

£188
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£942
£909
£1008
£991
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
508
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
129
pensions
-
-
-
345
total
-
-
-
1 124
Employee
333
-
1 811
-
pensions
38
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
9
-
52
-
income
17
-
438
-
total
64
-
635
-
Employer
333
-
1 811
-
health
23
-
190
-
pensions
55
-
241
-
unemployment
13
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
11
-
79
-
total
103
-
588
-
Corporate
1 964
2 400
-
-
income
550
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
550
672
-
-
Dividends
1 414
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
243
297
-
-
withholding
181
221
-
-
total
424
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 141
1 190
1 223
1 124
After tax
1 259
1 210
1 177
1 276
Living cost
268
268
268
268
Free-cash
991
942
909
1 008

Estimated living cost  is £268 per week

£156
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1279
£694
£1356
£1283
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
social contributions
-
-
-
331
health
-
-
-
168
total
-
-
-
859
Employee
295
-
2 400
-
social contributions
41
-
331
-
income
49
-
1 022
-
health
21
-
168
-
total
111
-
1 521
-
Employer
295
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 105
2 400
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

105
120
-
-
total
105
120
-
-
Dividends
2 000
2 280
-
-
social contributions
276
315
-
-
withholding
300
342
-
-
health
140
159
-
-
total
716
816
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
932
936
1 521
859
After tax
1 468
1 464
879
1 541
Living cost
185
185
185
185
Free-cash
1 283
1 279
694
1 356

Estimated living cost  is £185 per week

£124
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1013
£310
£915
£997
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
847
surtax
-
-
-
2
unemployment
-
-
-
53
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
pensions
-
-
-
188
total
-
-
-
1 178
Employee
435
347
2 032
-
other
4
3
10
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
pensions
45
36
104
-
income
50
26
730
-
health
17
13
39
-
total
129
88
914
-
Employer
435
347
2 032
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
16
13
38
-
pensions
55
44
128
-
accident
6
5
13
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
payroll
13
10
61
-
other
21
16
88
-
total
128
101
369
-
Corporate
1 838
1 952
1 999
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

460
488
500
-
total
460
488
500
-
Dividends
1 379
1 464
-
-
withholding
379
403
-
-
total
379
403
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 096
1 080
1 783
1 178
After tax
1 304
1 320
617
1 222
Living cost
307
307
307
307
Free-cash
997
1 013
310
915

Estimated living cost  is £307 per week

£205
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£976
£481
£729
£895
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
131
social contributions
-
-
-
217
national
-
-
-
1 006
total
-
-
-
1 354
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

623
-
1 859
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
16
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

32
-
97
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
139
-
national
191
-
722
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
87
-
total
304
-
1 061
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

623
-
1 859
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

38
-
114
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

55
-
165
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
24
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
27
-
surtax
71
-
211
-
total
181
-
541
-
Corporate
1 596
2 400
-
-
income
319
547
-
-
surtax
6
11
-
-
total
325
558
-
-
Dividends
1 271
1 842
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

378
549
-
-
total
378
549
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 188
1 107
1 602
1 354
After tax
1 212
1 293
798
1 046
Living cost
317
317
317
317
Free-cash
895
976
481
729

Estimated living cost  is £317 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1275
£987
£1023
£1217
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
821
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
228
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
433
-
2 143
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
income
91
-
791
-
total
118
-
843
-
Employer
433
-
2 143
-
pensions
102
-
190
-
accident
9
-
16
-
unemployment
24
-
44
-
other
3
-
6
-
total
138
-
256
-
Corporate
1 829
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

274
360
-
-
total
274
360
-
-
Dividends
1 554
2 040
-
-
withholding
339
451
-
-
total
339
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
869
811
1 099
1 063
After tax
1 531
1 589
1 301
1 337
Living cost
314
314
314
314
Free-cash
1 217
1 275
987
1 023

Estimated living cost  is £314 per week

£231
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£848
£718
£658
£729
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal
-
-
-
152
accident
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
524
surtax
-
-
-
125
health
-
-
-
144
pensions
-
-
-
307
total
-
-
-
1 269
Employee
659
-
2 153
-
pensions
53
-
166
-
surtax
40
-
133
-
income
64
-
570
-
health
29
-
92
-
total
186
-
961
-
Employer
659
-
2 153
-
health
20
-
63
-
pensions
53
-
166
-
accident
6
-
19
-
total
79
-
248
-
Corporate
1 662
2 400
-
-
communal
112
162
-
-
income
249
360
-
-
surtax
17
25
-
-
total
378
547
-
-
Dividends
1 283
1 853
-
-
income
363
254
-
-
withholding
192
278
-
-
total
555
532
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 198
1 079
1 209
1 269
After tax
1 202
1 321
1 191
1 131
Living cost
473
473
473
473
Free-cash
729
848
718
658

Estimated living cost  is £473 per week

£355
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£84
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1314
£875
£929
£1287
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
815
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
144
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
pensions
-
-
-
232
total
-
-
-
1 275
Employee
293
-
2 155
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
pensions
20
-
77
-
surtax
1
-
133
-
income
49
-
763
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
97
-
1 084
-
Employer
293
-
2 155
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
39
-
155
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
61
-
245
-
Corporate
2 045
2 400
-
-
income
532
624
-
-
total
532
624
-
-
Dividends
1 513
1 776
-
-
withholding
227
266
-
-
total
227
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
917
890
1 329
1 275
After tax
1 483
1 510
1 071
1 125
Living cost
196
196
196
196
Free-cash
1 287
1 314
875
929

Estimated living cost  is £196 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1028
£869
£942
£1009
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
436
regional
-
-
-
40
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
732
total
-
-
-
1 224
Employee
483
-
2 400
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
national
76
-
674
-
regional
6
-
37
-
social contributions
163
-
571
-
total
248
-
1 297
-
Employer
483
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 917
2 400
-
-
municipal
95
119
-
-
nationa
460
576
-
-
total
555
695
-
-
Dividends
1 362
1 705
-
-
withholding
354
443
-
-
total
354
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 157
1 138
1 297
1 224
After tax
1 243
1 262
1 103
1 176
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 009
1 028
869
942

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£146
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1389
£1081
£1191
£1295
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
265
social contributions
-
-
-
307
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
50
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
946
Employee
386
-
1 961
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
40
-
social contributions
25
-
68
-
income
46
-
244
-
health
52
-
265
-
total
123
-
617
-
Employer
386
-
1 961
-
health
35
-
176
-
social contributions
97
-
263
-
total
132
-
439
-
Corporate
1 882
2 400
-
-
income
358
456
-
-
total
358
456
-
-
Dividends
1 525
1 944
-
-
withholding
229
292
-
-
total
229
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
842
748
1 056
946
After tax
1 558
1 652
1 344
1 454
Living cost
263
263
263
263
Free-cash
1 295
1 389
1 081
1 191

Estimated living cost  is £263 per week

£195
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1044
£340
£946
£1038
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
847
surtax
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
53
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
pensions
-
-
-
188
total
-
-
-
1 176
Employee
380
347
2 033
-
other
4
3
10
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
pensions
39
36
104
-
income
34
26
731
-
health
15
13
39
-
total
103
88
915
-
Employer
380
347
2 033
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
14
13
38
-
pensions
48
44
128
-
accident
5
5
13
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
payroll
11
10
61
-
other
18
16
88
-
total
109
99
367
-
Corporate
1 910
1 953
2 000
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

478
488
500
-
total
478
488
500
-
Dividends
1 433
1 465
-
-
withholding
394
403
-
-
total
394
403
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 084
1 078
1 782
1 176
After tax
1 316
1 322
618
1 224
Living cost
278
278
278
278
Free-cash
1 038
1 044
340
946

Estimated living cost  is £278 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2171
£1811
£2267
£2151
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
136
-
2 400
-
income
27
-
480
-
total
27
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 264
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 264
2 400
-
-
withholding
113
120
-
-
total
113
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
140
120
480
24
After tax
2 260
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
109
109
109
109
Free-cash
2 151
2 171
1 811
2 267

Estimated living cost  is £109 per week

£74
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£27
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1419
£783
£835
£1346
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
654
unemployment
-
-
-
4
health
-
-
-
236
pensions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 332
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

385
-
2 077
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
pensions
60
-
322
-
income
66
-
602
-
health
25
-
134
-
total
152
-
1 061
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

385
-
2 077
-
health
26
-
138
-
pensions
34
-
184
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
60
-
323
-
Corporate
1 955
2 400
-
-
income
371
456
-
-
total
371
456
-
-
Dividends
1 584
1 944
-
-
withholding
238
292
-
-
total
238
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
821
748
1 384
1 332
After tax
1 579
1 652
1 016
1 068
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
1 346
1 419
783
835

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£160
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£1088
£1915
£1286
£678
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
468
social contributions
-
-
-
274
total
-
-
-
742
Employee
533
-
-
-
social contributions
44
-
6
-
income
118
-
-
-
total
162
-
6
-
Employer
533
-
-
-
social contributions
752
-
107
-
total
752
-
107
-
Corporate
1 115
2 400
-
-
income
245
528
-
-
total
245
528
-
-
Dividends
870
1 872
-
-
income
191
412
-
-
total
191
412
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 350
940
113
742
After tax
1 050
1 460
2 287
1 658
Living cost
372
372
372
372
Free-cash
678
1 088
1 915
1 286

Estimated living cost  is £372 per week

£241
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£91
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1092
£753
£957
£1084
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
336
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 170
Employee
400
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
44
-
213
-
income
83
-
690
-
total
127
-
913
-
Employer
400
-
1 939
-
social contributions
95
-
461
-
total
95
-
461
-
Corporate
1 905
2 400
-
-
income
400
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
400
504
-
-
Dividends
1 505
1 896
-
-
withholding
421
531
-
-
total
421
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 043
1 035
1 374
1 170
After tax
1 357
1 365
1 026
1 230
Living cost
273
273
273
273
Free-cash
1 084
1 092
753
957

Estimated living cost  is £273 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£790
£757
£856
£847
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
508
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
129
pensions
-
-
-
345
total
-
-
-
1 124
Employee
545
-
1 811
-
pensions
62
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
16
-
52
-
income
48
-
438
-
total
126
-
635
-
Employer
545
-
1 811
-
health
38
-
190
-
pensions
90
-
241
-
unemployment
22
-
73
-
social contributions
2
-
5
-
other
19
-
79
-
total
171
-
588
-
Corporate
1 685
2 400
-
-
income
472
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
472
672
-
-
Dividends
1 213
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
209
297
-
-
withholding
155
221
-
-
total
364
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 133
1 190
1 223
1 124
After tax
1 267
1 210
1 177
1 276
Living cost
420
420
420
420
Free-cash
847
790
757
856

Estimated living cost  is £420 per week

£285
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£96
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1898
£1540
£1476
£1869
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
134
social contributions
-
-
-
528
total
-
-
-
662
Employee
280
-
2 078
-
income
-
-
141
-
social contributions
18
-
135
-
total
18
-
276
-
Employer
280
-
2 078
-
social contributions
43
-
322
-
total
43
-
322
-
Corporate
2 077
2 400
-
-
income
208
240
-
-
total
208
240
-
-
Dividends
1 869
2 160
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
269
240
598
662
After tax
2 131
2 160
1 802
1 738
Living cost
262
262
262
262
Free-cash
1 869
1 898
1 540
1 476

Estimated living cost  is £262 per week

£169
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£503
£503
£946
£245
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
labour market
-
-
-
191
municipal
-
-
-
526
national
-
-
-
310
pensions
-
-
-
8
total
-
-
-
1 035
Employee
1 769
1 769
1 769
-
municipal
377
377
377
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
national
216
216
216
-
total
737
737
737
-
Employer
1 769
1 769
1 769
-
national
217
217
217
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
municipal
377
377
377
-
total
741
741
741
-
Corporate
504
-
-
-
income
111
-
-
-
total
111
-
-
-
Dividends
393
-
-
-
withholding
147
-
-
-
total
147
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 736
1 478
1 478
1 035
After tax
664
922
922
1 365
Living cost
419
419
419
419
Free-cash
245
503
503
946

Estimated living cost  is £419 per week

£287
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£89
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£3
£1143
£1447
£166
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
701
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
301
-
2 212
-
pensions
34
-
67
-
income
41
-
558
-
health
34
-
253
-
total
109
-
878
-
Employer
301
-
2 212
-
pensions
49
-
97
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
61
-
188
-
Corporate
2 038
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 834
2 160
-
-
total
1 834
2 160
-
-
Dividends
204
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 043
2 206
1 066
762
After tax
357
194
1 334
1 638
Living cost
191
191
191
191
Free-cash
166
3
1 143
1 447

Estimated living cost  is £191 per week

£139
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1098
£815
£1088
£1144
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 400
health
-
-
-
33
municipal
-
-
-
426
national
-
-
-
519
total
-
-
-
978
Employee
458
-
2 019
-
municipal
75
-
328
-
unemployment
7
-
30
-
pensions
31
-
136
-
national
8
-
349
-
health
3
-
27
-
total
124
-
870
-
Employer
458
-
2 019
-
health
4
-
16
-
pensions
79
-
350
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
86
-
381
-
Corporate
1 856
2 400
-
-
income
371
480
-
-
total
371
480
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 113
1 440
-
-
municipal
200
259
-
-
national
141
229
-
-
total
341
488
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
922
968
1 251
978
After tax
1 478
1 432
1 149
1 422
Living cost
334
334
334
334
Free-cash
1 144
1 098
815
1 088

Estimated living cost  is £334 per week

£218
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1546
£1376
£1395
£1499
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
601
social contributions
-
-
-
141
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
803
Employee
669
669
2 283
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
income
73
62
591
-
health
5
11
39
-
total
103
129
705
-
Employer
669
669
2 283
-
health
6
12
42
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
total
31
68
117
-
Corporate
2 064
1 663
-
-
income
258
208
-
-
total
258
208
-
-
Dividends
1 806
1 455
-
-
withholding
307
247
-
-
total
307
247
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
699
652
822
803
After tax
1 701
1 748
1 578
1 597
Living cost
202
202
202
202
Free-cash
1 499
1 546
1 376
1 395

Estimated living cost  is £202 per week

£121
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1849
£1749
£1925
£1804
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
251
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
31
pensions
-
-
-
55
total
-
-
-
337
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

200
-
2 315
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
30
-
124
-
income
14
-
230
-
health
17
-
70
-
total
62
-
428
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

200
-
2 315
-
health
9
-
36
-
pensions
11
-
45
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
21
-
85
-
Corporate
2 180
2 400
-
-
income
196
216
-
-
total
196
216
-
-
Dividends
1 983
2 184
-
-
withholding
179
197
-
-
total
179
197
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
458
413
513
337
After tax
1 942
1 987
1 887
2 063
Living cost
138
138
138
138
Free-cash
1 804
1 849
1 749
1 925

Estimated living cost  is £138 per week

£88
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1350
£1062
£1098
£1312
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
821
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
228
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
322
-
2 143
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
income
62
-
791
-
total
82
-
843
-
Employer
322
-
2 143
-
pensions
76
-
190
-
accident
6
-
16
-
unemployment
18
-
44
-
other
3
-
6
-
total
103
-
256
-
Corporate
1 976
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

296
360
-
-
total
296
360
-
-
Dividends
1 679
2 040
-
-
withholding
368
451
-
-
total
368
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
849
811
1 099
1 063
After tax
1 551
1 589
1 301
1 337
Living cost
239
239
239
239
Free-cash
1 312
1 350
1 062
1 098

Estimated living cost  is £239 per week

£162
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£51
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1480
£1530
£1532
£1477
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
828
health
-
-
-
9
pensions
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
850
Employee
27
-
2 386
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
2
-
6
-
income
5
-
828
-
health
1
-
3
-
total
8
-
838
-
Employer
27
-
2 386
-
health
3
-
6
-
pensions
3
-
7
-
unemployment
1
-
1
-
total
7
-
14
-
Corporate
2 367
2 400
-
-
income
521
528
-
-
total
521
528
-
-
Dividends
1 846
1 872
-
-
withholding
369
374
-
-
total
369
374
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
905
902
852
850
After tax
1 495
1 498
1 548
1 550
Living cost
18
18
18
18
Free-cash
1 477
1 480
1 530
1 532

Estimated living cost  is £18 per week

£10
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£1
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£0
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£5
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1583
£1442
£1442
£1539
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
564
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
66
pensions
-
-
-
167
total
-
-
-
807
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

227
-
2 285
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
32
-
90
-
income
31
-
564
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
77
-
692
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

227
-
2 285
-
health
12
-
33
-
pensions
27
-
77
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
41
-
115
-
Corporate
2 132
2 400
-
-
income
320
360
-
-
total
320
360
-
-
Dividends
1 812
2 040
-
-
withholding
272
306
-
-
total
272
306
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
710
666
807
807
After tax
1 690
1 734
1 593
1 593
Living cost
151
151
151
151
Free-cash
1 539
1 583
1 442
1 442

Estimated living cost  is £151 per week

£101
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1130
£791
£995
£1128
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
336
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 170
Employee
338
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
37
-
213
-
income
66
-
690
-
total
103
-
913
-
Employer
338
-
1 939
-
social contributions
80
-
461
-
total
80
-
461
-
Corporate
1 982
2 400
-
-
income
416
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
416
504
-
-
Dividends
1 566
1 896
-
-
withholding
438
531
-
-
total
438
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 037
1 035
1 374
1 170
After tax
1 363
1 365
1 026
1 230
Living cost
235
235
235
235
Free-cash
1 128
1 130
791
995

Estimated living cost  is £235 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1283
£995
£1031
£1227
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
821
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
228
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
420
-
2 143
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
income
88
-
791
-
total
115
-
843
-
Employer
420
-
2 143
-
pensions
99
-
190
-
accident
8
-
16
-
unemployment
23
-
44
-
other
3
-
6
-
total
133
-
256
-
Corporate
1 846
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

277
360
-
-
total
277
360
-
-
Dividends
1 569
2 040
-
-
withholding
342
451
-
-
total
342
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
867
811
1 099
1 063
After tax
1 533
1 589
1 301
1 337
Living cost
306
306
306
306
Free-cash
1 227
1 283
995
1 031

Estimated living cost  is £306 per week

£220
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1902
£1912
£1809
£1850
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
198
-
2 340
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
27
-
income
20
-
234
-
health
9
-
14
-
total
48
-
278
-
Employer
198
-
2 340
-
health
14
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 163
2 400
-
-
income
216
240
-
-
total
216
240
-
-
Dividends
1 947
2 160
-
-
withholding
97
108
-
-
total
97
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
400
348
338
441
After tax
2 000
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 850
1 902
1 912
1 809

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£99
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£898
£1121
£835
£1012
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
trade
-
-
-
286
total
-
-
-
1 229
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

433
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
838
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
97
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 967
2 400
-
-
income
295
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
282
344
-
-
total
597
729
-
-
Dividends
1 369
1 671
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
withholding
339
414
-
-
total
358
437
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 052
1 166
943
1 229
After tax
1 348
1 234
1 457
1 171
Living cost
336
336
336
336
Free-cash
1 012
898
1 121
835

Estimated living cost  is £336 per week

£232
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1184
£668
£668
£1203
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
816
social contributions
-
-
-
420
total
-
-
-
1 236
Employee
681
-
2 400
-
income
128
-
816
-
social contributions
57
-
420
-
total
185
-
1 236
-
Employer
681
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 719
2 400
-
-
income
215
300
-
-
total
215
300
-
-
Dividends
1 504
2 100
-
-
withholding
301
420
-
-
total
301
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
701
720
1 236
1 236
After tax
1 699
1 680
1 164
1 164
Living cost
496
496
496
496
Free-cash
1 203
1 184
668
668

Estimated living cost  is £496 per week

£377
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£40
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1198
£1338
£1671
£1229
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
53
total
-
-
-
413
Employee
399
-
2 360
-
income
43
-
666
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
83
-
706
-
Employer
399
-
2 360
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
1 961
2 400
-
-
income
686
840
-
-
total
686
840
-
-
Dividends
1 274
1 560
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
855
886
746
413
After tax
1 545
1 514
1 654
1 987
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
1 229
1 198
1 338
1 671

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£208
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1154
£989
£1203
£1206
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
445
-
2 089
-
pensions
34
-
112
-
income
81
-
636
-
health
6
-
27
-
total
121
-
775
-
Employer
445
-
2 089
-
health
8
-
40
-
pensions
45
-
272
-
total
53
-
312
-
Corporate
1 901
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

361
456
-
-
total
361
456
-
-
Dividends
1 540
1 944
-
-
withholding
335
466
-
-
total
335
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
870
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 530
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 206
1 154
989
1 203

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£16
£1124
£1428
£162
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
701
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
330
-
2 212
-
pensions
37
-
67
-
income
45
-
558
-
health
38
-
253
-
total
120
-
878
-
Employer
330
-
2 212
-
pensions
54
-
97
-
accident
6
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
68
-
188
-
Corporate
2 002
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 802
2 160
-
-
total
1 802
2 160
-
-
Dividends
200
240
-
-
withholding
38
46
-
-
total
38
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 028
2 206
1 066
762
After tax
372
194
1 334
1 638
Living cost
210
210
210
210
Free-cash
162
-16
1 124
1 428

Estimated living cost  is £210 per week

£154
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1718
£1682
£1490
£1691
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
409
unemployment
-
-
-
17
work injury
-
-
-
7
health insurance
-
-
-
103
pensions
-
-
-
256
total
-
-
-
792
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

188
-
2 400
-
health insurance
14
-
52
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
work injury
1
-
3
-
pensions
35
-
128
-
income
19
-
409
-
total
71
-
600
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 212
2 400
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

221
240
-
-
total
221
240
-
-
Dividends
1 991
2 160
-
-
withholding
299
324
-
-
total
299
324
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
591
564
600
792
After tax
1 809
1 836
1 800
1 608
Living cost
118
118
118
118
Free-cash
1 691
1 718
1 682
1 490

Estimated living cost  is £118 per week

£73
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£917
£734
£804
£879
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
436
regional
-
-
-
63
municipal
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
732
total
-
-
-
1 249
Employee
733
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
16
-
national
124
-
674
-
regional
11
-
58
-
social contributions
247
-
571
-
total
386
-
1 319
-
Employer
733
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 667
2 400
-
-
municipal
80
116
-
-
nationa
400
576
-
-
total
480
692
-
-
Dividends
1 186
1 708
-
-
withholding
308
444
-
-
total
308
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 174
1 136
1 319
1 249
After tax
1 226
1 264
1 081
1 151
Living cost
347
347
347
347
Free-cash
879
917
734
804

Estimated living cost  is £347 per week

£244
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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