Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2400
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£946
£1043
£880
£1194
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
trade
-
-
-
314
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
1 257
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

332
-
2 400
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
838
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
46
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
69
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 068
2 400
-
-
income
310
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
trade
326
378
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
657
763
-
-
Dividends
1 411
1 637
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
22
-
-
withholding
349
406
-
-
total
368
428
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 094
1 191
943
1 257
After tax
1 306
1 209
1 457
1 143
Living cost
263
263
263
263
Free-cash
1 043
946
1 194
880

Estimated living cost  is £263 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1027
£1019
£874
£886
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
268
national
-
-
-
473
pensions
-
-
-
288
social contributions
-
-
-
26
total
-
-
-
1 055
Employee
730
-
2 075
-
national
140
-
494
-
pensions
29
-
83
-
municipal
90
-
278
-
total
259
-
855
-
Employer
730
-
2 075
-
social contributions
8
-
22
-
pensions
58
-
166
-
total
66
-
188
-
Corporate
1 556
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

311
480
-
-
total
311
480
-
-
Dividends
1 245
1 920
-
-
withholding
274
422
-
-
total
274
422
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
910
902
1 043
1 055
After tax
1 490
1 498
1 357
1 345
Living cost
471
471
471
471
Free-cash
1 019
1 027
886
874

Estimated living cost  is £471 per week

£320
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£44
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£100
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1739
£1668
£723
£886
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
552
surtax
-
-
-
612
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
332
total
-
-
-
1 496
Employee
254
-
1 938
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
114
-
income
45
-
476
-
surtax
-
-
281
-
total
73
-
871
-
Employer
254
-
1 938
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

61
-
249
-
surtax
-
-
213
-
total
61
-
462
-
Corporate
2 085
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

417
480
-
-
total
417
480
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 668
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
551
480
1 333
1 496
After tax
1 849
1 920
1 067
904
Living cost
181
181
181
181
Free-cash
1 668
1 739
886
723

Estimated living cost  is £181 per week

£115
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£44
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£835
£783
£900
£1170
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
927
health
-
-
-
107
pensions
-
-
-
102
total
-
-
-
1 136
Employee
741
741
2 239
-
pensions
133
102
102
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

121
121
496
-
health
114
97
107
-
total
368
320
705
-
Employer
741
741
2 239
-
health
52
52
64
-
pensions
52
52
64
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
total
131
131
161
-
Corporate
1 538
1 529
-
-
income
308
306
-
-
total
308
306
-
-
Dividends
1 231
1 223
-
-
income
261
260
-
-
withholding
185
184
-
-
total
446
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 253
1 201
866
1 136
After tax
1 147
1 199
1 534
1 264
Living cost
364
364
364
364
Free-cash
783
835
1 170
900

Estimated living cost  is £364 per week

£258
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£67
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£964
£958
£832
£823
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
650
national
-
-
-
352
unemployment
-
-
-
1
accident
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
47
pensions
-
-
-
82
other
-
-
-
88
total
-
-
-
1 222
Employee
493
-
2 162
-
national
-
-
347
-
municipal
147
-
645
-
total
147
-
992
-
Employer
493
-
2 162
-
health
30
-
47
-
pensions
53
-
82
-
accident
1
-
2
-
other
57
-
88
-
unemployment
13
-
20
-
total
154
-
239
-
Corporate
1 752
2 400
-
-
income
385
528
-
-
total
385
528
-
-
Dividends
1 367
1 872
-
-
withholding
410
562
-
-
total
410
562
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 096
1 090
1 231
1 222
After tax
1 304
1 310
1 169
1 178
Living cost
346
346
346
346
Free-cash
958
964
823
832

Estimated living cost  is £346 per week

£229
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£77
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£855
£978
£788
£1116
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
trade
-
-
-
328
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
1 271
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

440
-
2 400
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
838
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
99
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 960
2 400
-
-
income
294
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
trade
322
395
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
636
780
-
-
Dividends
1 323
1 621
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
22
-
-
withholding
328
402
-
-
total
346
424
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 081
1 204
943
1 271
After tax
1 319
1 196
1 457
1 129
Living cost
341
341
341
341
Free-cash
978
855
1 116
788

Estimated living cost  is £341 per week

£228
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1468
£1432
£1316
£1296
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
602
health
-
-
-
61
social contributions
-
-
-
140
total
-
-
-
803
Employee
667
667
2 283
-
social contributions
32
55
75
-
income
70
62
592
-
health
7
11
39
-
total
109
128
706
-
Employer
667
667
2 283
-
social contributions
32
55
75
-
health
7
12
42
-
total
39
67
117
-
Corporate
1 970
1 665
-
-
income
246
208
-
-
total
246
208
-
-
Dividends
1 724
1 457
-
-
withholding
293
248
-
-
total
293
248
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
687
651
823
803
After tax
1 713
1 749
1 577
1 597
Living cost
281
281
281
281
Free-cash
1 432
1 468
1 296
1 316

Estimated living cost  is £281 per week

£192
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1176
£1179
£1493
£1220
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
36
income
-
-
-
293
health
-
-
-
168
pensions
-
-
-
240
total
-
-
-
737
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

245
98
2 008
-
pensions
25
10
201
-
unemployment
4
1
30
-
income
30
12
246
-
health
17
7
141
-
total
76
30
618
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

245
98
2 008
-
pensions
48
19
392
-
total
48
19
392
-
Corporate
2 107
2 283
-
-
income
190
206
-
-
total
190
206
-
-
Dividends
1 917
2 078
-
-
social contributions
373
404
-
-
withholding
364
395
-
-
total
737
799
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 051
1 054
1 010
737
After tax
1 349
1 346
1 390
1 663
Living cost
170
170
170
170
Free-cash
1 179
1 176
1 220
1 493

Estimated living cost  is £170 per week

£116
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£14
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1710
£1656
£1076
£1173
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
322
health
-
-
-
312
pensions
-
-
-
480
total
-
-
-
1 114
Employee
246
-
1 794
-
pensions
5
-
36
-
unemployment
4
-
29
-
income
28
-
346
-
total
37
-
411
-
Employer
246
-
1 794
-
health
32
-
233
-
pensions
49
-
359
-
unemployment
2
-
14
-
total
83
-
606
-
Corporate
2 071
2 400
-
-
income
414
480
-
-
total
414
480
-
-
Dividends
1 656
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
534
480
1 017
1 114
After tax
1 866
1 920
1 383
1 286
Living cost
210
210
210
210
Free-cash
1 656
1 710
1 173
1 076

Estimated living cost  is £210 per week

£144
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
£5
£166
£1448
£1146
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
703
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
total
-
-
-
763
Employee
298
-
2 214
-
pensions
34
-
66
-
income
41
-
560
-
health
34
-
253
-
total
109
-
879
-
Employer
298
-
2 214
-
pensions
48
-
95
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
60
-
186
-
Corporate
2 041
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 837
2 160
-
-
total
1 837
2 160
-
-
Dividends
204
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 045
2 206
1 065
763
After tax
355
194
1 335
1 637
Living cost
189
189
189
189
Free-cash
166
5
1 146
1 448

Estimated living cost  is £189 per week

£139
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2205
£2191
£2301
£1845
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
94
-
2 400
-
income
19
-
480
-
total
19
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 306
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 306
2 400
-
-
withholding
115
120
-
-
total
115
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
134
120
480
24
After tax
2 266
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
75
75
75
75
Free-cash
2 191
2 205
1 845
2 301

Estimated living cost  is £75 per week

£46
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£6
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£20
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1532
£1474
£1277
£1261
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
454
health
-
-
-
58
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
317
other
-
-
-
63
total
-
-
-
892
Employee
315
-
2 062
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
92
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
income
54
-
448
-
health
4
-
18
-
total
83
-
571
-
Employer
315
-
2 062
-
health
4
-
18
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

54
-
224
-
accident
3
-
16
-
other
16
-
66
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
80
-
337
-
Corporate
2 006
2 400
-
-
income
421
504
-
-
total
421
504
-
-
Dividends
1 584
1 896
-
-
withholding
111
133
-
-
total
111
133
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
695
637
908
892
After tax
1 705
1 763
1 492
1 508
Living cost
231
231
231
231
Free-cash
1 474
1 532
1 261
1 277

Estimated living cost  is £231 per week

£163
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£894
£962
£943
£729
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
826
-
2 089
-
pensions
80
-
112
-
income
149
-
636
-
health
14
-
27
-
total
243
-
775
-
Employer
826
-
2 089
-
health
16
-
40
-
pensions
98
-
272
-
total
114
-
312
-
Corporate
1 460
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

278
456
-
-
total
278
456
-
-
Dividends
1 183
1 944
-
-
withholding
219
466
-
-
total
219
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
854
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 546
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
962
894
729
943

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1937
£1896
£1844
£1947
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
1
income
-
-
-
360
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
152
-
2 340
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
income
15
-
234
-
health
7
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
total
37
-
278
-
Employer
152
-
2 340
-
health
10
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
30
-
60
-
Corporate
2 219
2 400
-
-
income
222
240
-
-
total
222
240
-
-
Dividends
1 997
2 160
-
-
withholding
100
108
-
-
total
100
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
389
348
338
441
After tax
2 011
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
115
115
115
115
Free-cash
1 896
1 937
1 947
1 844

Estimated living cost  is £115 per week

£67
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£718
£742
£783
£1053
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
927
health
-
-
-
107
pensions
-
-
-
102
total
-
-
-
1 136
Employee
805
741
2 239
-
pensions
102
102
102
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

121
121
496
-
health
100
97
107
-
total
323
320
705
-
Employer
805
741
2 239
-
health
56
52
64
-
pensions
56
52
64
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
total
141
131
161
-
Corporate
1 455
1 529
-
-
income
291
306
-
-
total
291
306
-
-
Dividends
1 164
1 223
-
-
income
247
260
-
-
withholding
175
184
-
-
total
422
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 177
1 201
866
1 136
After tax
1 223
1 199
1 534
1 264
Living cost
481
481
481
481
Free-cash
742
718
1 053
783

Estimated living cost  is £481 per week

£355
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1436
£1359
£1235
£1126
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
49
income
-
-
-
265
health
-
-
-
324
social contributions
-
-
-
311
total
-
-
-
949
Employee
318
-
1 958
-
social contributions
21
-
69
-
income
38
-
244
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
39
-
health
43
-
264
-
total
102
-
616
-
Employer
318
-
1 958
-
social contributions
79
-
266
-
health
29
-
176
-
total
108
-
442
-
Corporate
1 975
2 400
-
-
income
375
456
-
-
total
375
456
-
-
Dividends
1 599
1 944
-
-
withholding
240
292
-
-
total
240
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
825
748
1 058
949
After tax
1 575
1 652
1 342
1 451
Living cost
216
216
216
216
Free-cash
1 359
1 436
1 126
1 235

Estimated living cost  is £216 per week

£150
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£914
£869
£819
£745
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
733
regional
-
-
-
32
social contributions
-
-
-
434
total
-
-
-
1 215
Employee
771
-
2 400
-
national
134
-
675
-
social contributions
260
-
569
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
regional
7
-
30
-
total
405
-
1 289
-
Employer
771
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 629
2 400
-
-
municipal
64
94
-
-
nationa
391
576
-
-
total
455
670
-
-
Dividends
1 174
1 730
-
-
withholding
305
450
-
-
total
305
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 165
1 120
1 289
1 215
After tax
1 235
1 280
1 111
1 185
Living cost
366
366
366
366
Free-cash
869
914
745
819

Estimated living cost  is £366 per week

£255
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1319
£1292
£933
£879
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
816
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
144
pensions
-
-
-
232
other
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 276
Employee
287
-
2 156
-
pensions
19
-
77
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
income
48
-
764
-
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
1
-
134
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
95
-
1 086
-
Employer
287
-
2 156
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
38
-
154
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
total
60
-
244
-
Corporate
2 053
2 400
-
-
income
534
624
-
-
total
534
624
-
-
Dividends
1 519
1 776
-
-
withholding
228
266
-
-
total
228
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
917
890
1 330
1 276
After tax
1 483
1 510
1 070
1 124
Living cost
192
192
192
192
Free-cash
1 292
1 319
879
933

Estimated living cost  is £192 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£52
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1079
£1136
£1128
£914
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
554
-
2 089
-
pensions
47
-
112
-
income
100
-
636
-
health
8
-
27
-
total
155
-
775
-
Employer
554
-
2 089
-
health
11
-
40
-
pensions
60
-
272
-
total
71
-
312
-
Corporate
1 776
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

337
456
-
-
total
337
456
-
-
Dividends
1 438
1 944
-
-
withholding
302
466
-
-
total
302
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
865
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 535
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 136
1 079
914
1 128

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£419
£707
£1194
£1126
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
city
-
-
-
25
national
-
-
-
82
regional
-
-
-
147
health
-
-
-
5
pensions
-
-
-
221
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
48
total
-
-
-
528
Employee
794
-
2 170
-
national
4
-
70
-
city
9
-
24
-
pensions
67
-
158
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
2
-
5
-
regional
26
-
133
-
total
108
-
390
-
Employer
794
-
2 170
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
67
-
158
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
43
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
total
85
-
206
-
Corporate
1 513
2 400
-
-
national
129
204
-
-
regional
320
508
-
-
total
449
712
-
-
Dividends
1 064
1 688
-
-
withholding
373
591
-
-
total
373
591
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 015
1 303
596
528
After tax
1 385
1 097
1 804
1 872
Living cost
678
678
678
678
Free-cash
707
419
1 126
1 194

Estimated living cost  is £678 per week

£441
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£61
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£8
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£168
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£785
£929
£717
£1059
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
trade
-
-
-
342
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
1 285
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

522
-
2 400
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

61
-
838
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
46
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
123
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 878
2 400
-
-
income
282
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
20
-
-
trade
322
412
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
623
797
-
-
Dividends
1 255
1 604
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
22
-
-
withholding
310
398
-
-
total
327
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 073
1 217
943
1 285
After tax
1 327
1 183
1 457
1 115
Living cost
398
398
398
398
Free-cash
929
785
1 059
717

Estimated living cost  is £398 per week

£290
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£70
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£913
£963
£978
£879
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
509
health
-
-
-
129
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
-
-
-
345
other
-
-
-
74
social contributions
-
-
-
68
total
-
-
-
1 125
Employee
371
-
1 811
-
pensions
42
-
145
-
social contributions
11
-
52
-
income
22
-
439
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
75
-
636
-
Employer
371
-
1 811
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
health
26
-
190
-
pensions
61
-
241
-
other
13
-
79
-
unemployment
15
-
73
-
total
116
-
588
-
Corporate
1 913
2 400
-
-
income
536
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
536
672
-
-
Dividends
1 377
1 728
-
-
social contributions
237
297
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
withholding
176
221
-
-
total
413
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 140
1 190
1 224
1 125
After tax
1 260
1 210
1 176
1 275
Living cost
297
297
297
297
Free-cash
963
913
879
978

Estimated living cost  is £297 per week

£187
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£943
£994
£1008
£909
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
509
health
-
-
-
129
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
-
-
-
345
other
-
-
-
74
social contributions
-
-
-
68
total
-
-
-
1 125
Employee
332
-
1 811
-
pensions
37
-
145
-
social contributions
9
-
52
-
income
17
-
439
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
63
-
636
-
Employer
332
-
1 811
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
health
23
-
190
-
pensions
54
-
241
-
other
11
-
79
-
unemployment
13
-
73
-
total
102
-
588
-
Corporate
1 965
2 400
-
-
income
550
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
550
672
-
-
Dividends
1 415
1 728
-
-
social contributions
243
297
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
withholding
181
221
-
-
total
424
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 139
1 190
1 224
1 125
After tax
1 261
1 210
1 176
1 275
Living cost
267
267
267
267
Free-cash
994
943
909
1 008

Estimated living cost  is £267 per week

£155
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1280
£1284
£1357
£695
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
health
-
-
-
168
social contributions
-
-
-
331
total
-
-
-
859
Employee
294
-
2 400
-
social contributions
41
-
331
-
income
49
-
1 022
-
health
21
-
168
-
total
111
-
1 521
-
Employer
294
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 106
2 400
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

105
120
-
-
total
105
120
-
-
Dividends
2 000
2 280
-
-
social contributions
276
315
-
-
health
140
159
-
-
withholding
300
342
-
-
total
716
816
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
932
936
1 521
859
After tax
1 468
1 464
879
1 541
Living cost
184
184
184
184
Free-cash
1 284
1 280
695
1 357

Estimated living cost  is £184 per week

£123
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1017
£1001
£915
£312
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
53
income
-
-
-
848
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
2
pensions
-
-
-
188
total
-
-
-
1 179
Employee
434
346
2 032
-
pensions
44
35
104
-
unemployment
13
10
30
-
income
49
26
732
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
17
13
39
-
total
127
87
915
-
Employer
434
346
2 032
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
16
13
38
-
payroll
13
10
61
-
pensions
54
43
127
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
accident
6
4
13
-
other
21
16
88
-
unemployment
13
10
30
-
total
127
99
367
-
Corporate
1 840
1 953
1 999
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

460
488
500
-
total
460
488
500
-
Dividends
1 380
1 465
-
-
withholding
379
403
-
-
total
379
403
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 093
1 077
1 782
1 179
After tax
1 307
1 323
618
1 221
Living cost
306
306
306
306
Free-cash
1 001
1 017
312
915

Estimated living cost  is £306 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£976
£895
£731
£481
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
national
-
-
-
1 006
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
131
social contributions
-
-
-
216
total
-
-
-
1 353
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

621
-
1 859
-
national
191
-
723
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
139
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

32
-
97
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
16
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
87
-
total
304
-
1 062
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

621
-
1 859
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

38
-
114
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

55
-
165
-
surtax
70
-
211
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
24
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
27
-
total
180
-
541
-
Corporate
1 599
2 400
-
-
income
320
548
-
-
surtax
6
11
-
-
total
326
559
-
-
Dividends
1 272
1 841
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

379
549
-
-
total
379
549
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 189
1 108
1 603
1 353
After tax
1 211
1 292
797
1 047
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
895
976
481
731

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1276
£1217
£1023
£988
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
6
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
822
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
total
-
-
-
1 064
Employee
432
-
2 144
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
12
-
income
91
-
792
-
other
-
-
1
-
total
118
-
843
-
Employer
432
-
2 144
-
pensions
102
-
190
-
accident
9
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
24
-
44
-
total
138
-
256
-
Corporate
1 830
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

275
360
-
-
total
275
360
-
-
Dividends
1 556
2 040
-
-
withholding
339
451
-
-
total
339
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
870
811
1 099
1 064
After tax
1 530
1 589
1 301
1 336
Living cost
313
313
313
313
Free-cash
1 217
1 276
988
1 023

Estimated living cost  is £313 per week

£231
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£848
£729
£660
£720
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
525
communal
-
-
-
152
health
-
-
-
143
surtax
-
-
-
125
pensions
-
-
-
306
total
-
-
-
1 268
Employee
657
-
2 153
-
pensions
53
-
165
-
income
63
-
571
-
surtax
40
-
133
-
health
29
-
92
-
total
185
-
961
-
Employer
657
-
2 153
-
health
20
-
63
-
pensions
53
-
165
-
accident
6
-
19
-
total
79
-
247
-
Corporate
1 664
2 400
-
-
income
250
360
-
-
surtax
17
25
-
-
communal
112
162
-
-
total
379
547
-
-
Dividends
1 285
1 853
-
-
income
363
255
-
-
withholding
193
278
-
-
total
556
533
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 199
1 080
1 208
1 268
After tax
1 201
1 320
1 192
1 132
Living cost
472
472
472
472
Free-cash
729
848
720
660

Estimated living cost  is £472 per week

£354
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£84
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1315
£1289
£929
£875
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
816
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
144
pensions
-
-
-
232
other
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 276
Employee
292
-
2 156
-
pensions
19
-
77
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
income
49
-
764
-
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
1
-
134
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
96
-
1 086
-
Employer
292
-
2 156
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
39
-
154
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
total
61
-
244
-
Corporate
2 046
2 400
-
-
income
532
624
-
-
total
532
624
-
-
Dividends
1 514
1 776
-
-
withholding
227
266
-
-
total
227
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
916
890
1 330
1 276
After tax
1 484
1 510
1 070
1 124
Living cost
195
195
195
195
Free-cash
1 289
1 315
875
929

Estimated living cost  is £195 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1028
£1010
£943
£870
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
733
regional
-
-
-
40
social contributions
-
-
-
434
total
-
-
-
1 223
Employee
481
-
2 400
-
national
76
-
675
-
social contributions
162
-
569
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
regional
6
-
37
-
total
247
-
1 296
-
Employer
481
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 919
2 400
-
-
municipal
95
119
-
-
nationa
460
576
-
-
total
555
695
-
-
Dividends
1 363
1 705
-
-
withholding
354
443
-
-
total
354
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 156
1 138
1 296
1 223
After tax
1 244
1 262
1 104
1 177
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 010
1 028
870
943

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1386
£1292
£1185
£1076
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
49
income
-
-
-
265
health
-
-
-
324
social contributions
-
-
-
311
total
-
-
-
949
Employee
391
-
1 958
-
social contributions
25
-
69
-
income
47
-
244
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
39
-
health
53
-
264
-
total
125
-
616
-
Employer
391
-
1 958
-
social contributions
98
-
266
-
health
35
-
176
-
total
133
-
442
-
Corporate
1 876
2 400
-
-
income
356
456
-
-
total
356
456
-
-
Dividends
1 519
1 944
-
-
withholding
228
292
-
-
total
228
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
842
748
1 058
949
After tax
1 558
1 652
1 342
1 451
Living cost
266
266
266
266
Free-cash
1 292
1 386
1 076
1 185

Estimated living cost  is £266 per week

£198
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1047
£1039
£946
£343
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
53
income
-
-
-
848
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
-
-
-
188
total
-
-
-
1 177
Employee
379
346
2 034
-
pensions
39
35
104
-
unemployment
11
10
30
-
income
34
26
732
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
15
13
39
-
total
103
87
915
-
Employer
379
346
2 034
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
14
13
38
-
payroll
11
10
61
-
pensions
48
43
127
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
accident
5
4
13
-
other
18
16
88
-
unemployment
11
10
30
-
total
109
97
365
-
Corporate
1 911
1 955
2 001
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

478
489
500
-
total
478
489
500
-
Dividends
1 434
1 466
-
-
withholding
394
403
-
-
total
394
403
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 084
1 076
1 780
1 177
After tax
1 316
1 324
620
1 223
Living cost
277
277
277
277
Free-cash
1 039
1 047
343
946

Estimated living cost  is £277 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2163
£2141
£2259
£1803
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
146
-
2 400
-
income
29
-
480
-
total
29
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 254
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 254
2 400
-
-
withholding
113
120
-
-
total
113
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
142
120
480
24
After tax
2 258
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
117
117
117
117
Free-cash
2 141
2 163
1 803
2 259

Estimated living cost  is £117 per week

£79
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£29
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1419
£1346
£834
£782
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
4
income
-
-
-
655
health
-
-
-
236
pensions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 333
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

384
-
2 077
-
pensions
59
-
322
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
income
66
-
603
-
health
25
-
134
-
total
151
-
1 062
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

384
-
2 077
-
health
26
-
138
-
pensions
34
-
184
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
60
-
323
-
Corporate
1 957
2 400
-
-
income
372
456
-
-
total
372
456
-
-
Dividends
1 585
1 944
-
-
withholding
238
292
-
-
total
238
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
821
748
1 385
1 333
After tax
1 579
1 652
1 015
1 067
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
1 346
1 419
782
834

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£160
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£1052
£602
£1250
£1867
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
468
social contributions
-
-
-
274
total
-
-
-
742
Employee
585
-
-
-
social contributions
48
-
7
-
income
129
-
-
-
total
177
-
7
-
Employer
585
-
-
-
social contributions
825
-
118
-
total
825
-
118
-
Corporate
989
2 400
-
-
income
218
528
-
-
total
218
528
-
-
Dividends
772
1 872
-
-
income
170
412
-
-
total
170
412
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 390
940
125
742
After tax
1 010
1 460
2 275
1 658
Living cost
408
408
408
408
Free-cash
602
1 052
1 867
1 250

Estimated living cost  is £408 per week

£265
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£38
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£100
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1093
£1084
£957
£753
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
337
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 171
Employee
399
-
1 939
-
social contributions
44
-
213
-
income
83
-
691
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
total
127
-
914
-
Employer
399
-
1 939
-
social contributions
95
-
461
-
total
95
-
461
-
Corporate
1 906
2 400
-
-
income
400
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
400
504
-
-
Dividends
1 506
1 896
-
-
withholding
422
531
-
-
total
422
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 044
1 035
1 375
1 171
After tax
1 356
1 365
1 025
1 229
Living cost
272
272
272
272
Free-cash
1 084
1 093
753
957

Estimated living cost  is £272 per week

£204
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£791
£852
£856
£757
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
509
health
-
-
-
129
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
-
-
-
345
other
-
-
-
74
social contributions
-
-
-
68
total
-
-
-
1 125
Employee
544
-
1 811
-
pensions
61
-
145
-
social contributions
15
-
52
-
income
47
-
439
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
123
-
636
-
Employer
544
-
1 811
-
social contributions
2
-
5
-
health
38
-
190
-
pensions
89
-
241
-
other
19
-
79
-
unemployment
22
-
73
-
total
170
-
588
-
Corporate
1 687
2 400
-
-
income
472
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
472
672
-
-
Dividends
1 214
1 728
-
-
social contributions
209
297
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
withholding
155
221
-
-
total
364
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 129
1 190
1 224
1 125
After tax
1 271
1 210
1 176
1 275
Living cost
419
419
419
419
Free-cash
852
791
757
856

Estimated living cost  is £419 per week

£284
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£95
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1899
£1870
£1477
£1540
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
134
social contributions
-
-
-
528
total
-
-
-
662
Employee
279
-
2 078
-
social contributions
18
-
135
-
income
-
-
142
-
total
18
-
277
-
Employer
279
-
2 078
-
social contributions
43
-
322
-
total
43
-
322
-
Corporate
2 078
2 400
-
-
income
208
240
-
-
total
208
240
-
-
Dividends
1 870
2 160
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
269
240
599
662
After tax
2 131
2 160
1 801
1 738
Living cost
261
261
261
261
Free-cash
1 870
1 899
1 540
1 477

Estimated living cost  is £261 per week

£169
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£512
£249
£948
£512
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
526
national
-
-
-
310
labour market
-
-
-
191
pensions
-
-
-
8
total
-
-
-
1 035
Employee
1 761
1 761
1 761
-
national
215
215
215
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
municipal
375
375
375
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
total
734
734
734
-
Employer
1 761
1 761
1 761
-
municipal
376
376
376
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
national
215
215
215
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
total
737
737
737
-
Corporate
513
-
-
-
income
113
-
-
-
total
113
-
-
-
Dividends
400
-
-
-
withholding
150
-
-
-
total
150
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 734
1 471
1 471
1 035
After tax
666
929
929
1 365
Living cost
417
417
417
417
Free-cash
249
512
512
948

Estimated living cost  is £417 per week

£285
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£88
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£7
£165
£1450
£1148
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
703
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
total
-
-
-
763
Employee
294
-
2 214
-
pensions
33
-
66
-
income
40
-
560
-
health
34
-
253
-
total
107
-
879
-
Employer
294
-
2 214
-
pensions
48
-
95
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
60
-
186
-
Corporate
2 047
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 842
2 160
-
-
total
1 842
2 160
-
-
Dividends
205
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 048
2 206
1 065
763
After tax
352
194
1 335
1 637
Living cost
187
187
187
187
Free-cash
165
7
1 148
1 450

Estimated living cost  is £187 per week

£136
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1098
£1143
£1089
£815
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
426
national
-
-
-
519
health
-
-
-
33
total
-
-
-
978
Employee
457
-
2 019
-
national
8
-
350
-
pensions
31
-
136
-
unemployment
7
-
30
-
municipal
75
-
328
-
health
3
-
27
-
total
124
-
871
-
Employer
457
-
2 019
-
health
4
-
16
-
pensions
79
-
350
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
86
-
381
-
Corporate
1 857
2 400
-
-
income
371
480
-
-
total
371
480
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 114
1 440
-
-
municipal
201
259
-
-
national
142
230
-
-
total
343
489
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
924
969
1 252
978
After tax
1 476
1 431
1 148
1 422
Living cost
333
333
333
333
Free-cash
1 143
1 098
815
1 089

Estimated living cost  is £333 per week

£218
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1548
£1500
£1396
£1376
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
602
health
-
-
-
61
social contributions
-
-
-
140
total
-
-
-
803
Employee
667
667
2 283
-
social contributions
25
55
75
-
income
73
62
592
-
health
5
11
39
-
total
103
128
706
-
Employer
667
667
2 283
-
social contributions
25
55
75
-
health
6
12
42
-
total
31
67
117
-
Corporate
2 065
1 665
-
-
income
258
208
-
-
total
258
208
-
-
Dividends
1 807
1 457
-
-
withholding
307
248
-
-
total
307
248
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
699
651
823
803
After tax
1 701
1 749
1 577
1 597
Living cost
201
201
201
201
Free-cash
1 500
1 548
1 376
1 396

Estimated living cost  is £201 per week

£120
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1849
£1804
£1925
£1750
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
251
health
-
-
-
31
pensions
-
-
-
55
total
-
-
-
337
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

199
-
2 315
-
pensions
30
-
124
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
income
14
-
230
-
health
17
-
70
-
total
62
-
428
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

199
-
2 315
-
health
9
-
35
-
pensions
11
-
45
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
21
-
84
-
Corporate
2 180
2 400
-
-
income
196
216
-
-
total
196
216
-
-
Dividends
1 984
2 184
-
-
withholding
179
197
-
-
total
179
197
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
458
413
512
337
After tax
1 942
1 987
1 888
2 063
Living cost
138
138
138
138
Free-cash
1 804
1 849
1 750
1 925

Estimated living cost  is £138 per week

£88
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1350
£1311
£1097
£1062
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
6
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
822
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
total
-
-
-
1 064
Employee
321
-
2 144
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
unemployment
5
-
12
-
income
62
-
792
-
other
-
-
1
-
total
82
-
843
-
Employer
321
-
2 144
-
pensions
76
-
190
-
accident
6
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
18
-
44
-
total
103
-
256
-
Corporate
1 977
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

297
360
-
-
total
297
360
-
-
Dividends
1 680
2 040
-
-
withholding
368
451
-
-
total
368
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
850
811
1 099
1 064
After tax
1 550
1 589
1 301
1 336
Living cost
239
239
239
239
Free-cash
1 311
1 350
1 062
1 097

Estimated living cost  is £239 per week

£161
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1483
£1482
£1536
£1534
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
830
health
-
-
-
8
pensions
-
-
-
11
total
-
-
-
849
Employee
22
-
2 388
-
pensions
2
-
5
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
income
4
-
830
-
health
1
-
3
-
total
7
-
839
-
Employer
22
-
2 388
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
2
-
6
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
4
-
12
-
Corporate
2 373
2 400
-
-
income
522
528
-
-
total
522
528
-
-
Dividends
1 851
1 872
-
-
withholding
370
374
-
-
total
370
374
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
903
902
851
849
After tax
1 497
1 498
1 549
1 551
Living cost
15
15
15
15
Free-cash
1 482
1 483
1 534
1 536

Estimated living cost  is £15 per week

£9
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£1
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£0
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£4
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1584
£1540
£1444
£1443
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
10
income
-
-
-
564
health
-
-
-
66
pensions
-
-
-
166
total
-
-
-
806
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

226
-
2 285
-
pensions
32
-
90
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
income
31
-
564
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
77
-
692
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

226
-
2 285
-
health
12
-
33
-
pensions
27
-
77
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
41
-
115
-
Corporate
2 134
2 400
-
-
income
320
360
-
-
total
320
360
-
-
Dividends
1 814
2 040
-
-
withholding
272
306
-
-
total
272
306
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
710
666
807
806
After tax
1 690
1 734
1 593
1 594
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 540
1 584
1 443
1 444

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£101
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1131
£1128
£995
£791
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
337
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 171
Employee
337
-
1 939
-
social contributions
37
-
213
-
income
66
-
691
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
total
103
-
914
-
Employer
337
-
1 939
-
social contributions
80
-
461
-
total
80
-
461
-
Corporate
1 983
2 400
-
-
income
416
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
416
504
-
-
Dividends
1 567
1 896
-
-
withholding
439
531
-
-
total
439
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 038
1 035
1 375
1 171
After tax
1 362
1 365
1 025
1 229
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 128
1 131
791
995

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1284
£1228
£1031
£996
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
6
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
822
pensions
-
-
-
228
other
-
-
-
1
total
-
-
-
1 064
Employee
419
-
2 144
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
6
-
12
-
income
88
-
792
-
other
-
-
1
-
total
114
-
843
-
Employer
419
-
2 144
-
pensions
99
-
190
-
accident
8
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
23
-
44
-
total
133
-
256
-
Corporate
1 847
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

277
360
-
-
total
277
360
-
-
Dividends
1 570
2 040
-
-
withholding
343
451
-
-
total
343
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
867
811
1 099
1 064
After tax
1 533
1 589
1 301
1 336
Living cost
305
305
305
305
Free-cash
1 228
1 284
996
1 031

Estimated living cost  is £305 per week

£219
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1902
£1850
£1809
£1912
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
1
income
-
-
-
360
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
199
-
2 340
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
27
-
income
20
-
234
-
health
9
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
total
48
-
278
-
Employer
199
-
2 340
-
health
14
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 162
2 400
-
-
income
216
240
-
-
total
216
240
-
-
Dividends
1 946
2 160
-
-
withholding
97
108
-
-
total
97
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
400
348
338
441
After tax
2 000
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 850
1 902
1 912
1 809

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£99
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£899
£1013
£836
£1122
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
trade
-
-
-
286
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
838
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
1 229
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

432
-
2 400
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
838
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
total
97
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 968
2 400
-
-
income
295
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
trade
282
344
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
597
729
-
-
Dividends
1 370
1 671
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
withholding
339
414
-
-
total
358
437
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 052
1 166
943
1 229
After tax
1 348
1 234
1 457
1 171
Living cost
335
335
335
335
Free-cash
1 013
899
1 122
836

Estimated living cost  is £335 per week

£231
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1186
£1206
£668
£668
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
817
social contributions
-
-
-
421
total
-
-
-
1 238
Employee
679
-
2 400
-
social contributions
56
-
421
-
income
128
-
817
-
total
184
-
1 238
-
Employer
679
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 721
2 400
-
-
income
215
300
-
-
total
215
300
-
-
Dividends
1 506
2 100
-
-
withholding
301
420
-
-
total
301
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
700
720
1 238
1 238
After tax
1 700
1 680
1 162
1 162
Living cost
494
494
494
494
Free-cash
1 206
1 186
668
668

Estimated living cost  is £494 per week

£376
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£40
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1199
£1229
£1671
£1338
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
54
total
-
-
-
414
Employee
398
-
2 360
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
income
43
-
667
-
total
83
-
707
-
Employer
398
-
2 360
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
1 962
2 400
-
-
income
687
840
-
-
total
687
840
-
-
Dividends
1 275
1 560
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
856
886
747
414
After tax
1 544
1 514
1 653
1 986
Living cost
315
315
315
315
Free-cash
1 229
1 199
1 338
1 671

Estimated living cost  is £315 per week

£207
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1154
£1206
£1203
£989
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
445
-
2 089
-
pensions
34
-
112
-
income
81
-
636
-
health
6
-
27
-
total
121
-
775
-
Employer
445
-
2 089
-
health
8
-
40
-
pensions
45
-
272
-
total
53
-
312
-
Corporate
1 901
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

361
456
-
-
total
361
456
-
-
Dividends
1 540
1 944
-
-
withholding
335
466
-
-
total
335
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
870
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 530
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 206
1 154
989
1 203

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£11
£164
£1432
£1130
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
703
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
total
-
-
-
763
Employee
323
-
2 214
-
pensions
36
-
66
-
income
44
-
560
-
health
37
-
253
-
total
117
-
879
-
Employer
323
-
2 214
-
pensions
52
-
95
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
65
-
186
-
Corporate
2 012
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 811
2 160
-
-
total
1 811
2 160
-
-
Dividends
201
240
-
-
withholding
38
46
-
-
total
38
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 031
2 206
1 065
763
After tax
369
194
1 335
1 637
Living cost
205
205
205
205
Free-cash
164
-11
1 130
1 432

Estimated living cost  is £205 per week

£150
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1719
£1692
£1491
£1684
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 400
unemployment
-
-
-
17
health insurance
-
-
-
103
income
-
-
-
409
work injury
-
-
-
7
pensions
-
-
-
256
total
-
-
-
792
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

188
-
2 400
-
work injury
1
-
3
-
pensions
35
-
128
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
income
19
-
409
-
health insurance
14
-
51
-
total
71
-
599
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 212
2 400
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

221
240
-
-
total
221
240
-
-
Dividends
1 991
2 160
-
-
withholding
299
324
-
-
total
299
324
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
591
564
599
792
After tax
1 809
1 836
1 801
1 608
Living cost
117
117
117
117
Free-cash
1 692
1 719
1 684
1 491

Estimated living cost  is £117 per week

£73
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£32
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£918
£878
£806
£736
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
municipal
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
733
regional
-
-
-
63
social contributions
-
-
-
434
total
-
-
-
1 248
Employee
731
-
2 400
-
national
124
-
675
-
social contributions
247
-
569
-
municipal
4
-
16
-
regional
11
-
58
-
total
386
-
1 318
-
Employer
731
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 669
2 400
-
-
municipal
80
116
-
-
nationa
401
576
-
-
total
481
692
-
-
Dividends
1 188
1 708
-
-
withholding
309
444
-
-
total
309
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 176
1 136
1 318
1 248
After tax
1 224
1 264
1 082
1 152
Living cost
346
346
346
346
Free-cash
878
918
736
806

Estimated living cost  is £346 per week

£243
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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