Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2400
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£941
£1191
£878
£1040
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
835
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
313
total
-
-
-
1 254
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

338
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
835
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
70
-
941
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 062
2 400
-
-
income
309
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
325
378
-
-
total
655
763
-
-
Dividends
1 407
1 637
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
22
-
-
withholding
348
406
-
-
total
367
428
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 092
1 191
941
1 254
After tax
1 308
1 209
1 459
1 146
Living cost
268
268
268
268
Free-cash
1 040
941
1 191
878

Estimated living cost  is £268 per week

£168
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1026
£886
£873
£1018
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
26
municipal
-
-
-
268
national
-
-
-
473
pensions
-
-
-
288
total
-
-
-
1 055
Employee
732
-
2 075
-
municipal
90
-
278
-
pensions
29
-
83
-
national
140
-
493
-
total
259
-
854
-
Employer
732
-
2 075
-
pensions
59
-
166
-
social contributions
8
-
22
-
total
67
-
188
-
Corporate
1 553
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

311
480
-
-
total
311
480
-
-
Dividends
1 243
1 920
-
-
withholding
273
422
-
-
total
273
422
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
910
902
1 042
1 055
After tax
1 490
1 498
1 358
1 345
Living cost
472
472
472
472
Free-cash
1 018
1 026
886
873

Estimated living cost  is £472 per week

£321
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£44
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£100
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1736
£881
£716
£1664
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
549
surtax
-
-
-
612
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
339
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 500
Employee
258
-
1 934
-
surtax
-
-
280
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
116
-
income
46
-
472
-
total
74
-
868
-
Employer
258
-
1 934
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

62
-
254
-
surtax
-
-
213
-
total
62
-
467
-
Corporate
2 080
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

416
480
-
-
total
416
480
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 664
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
552
480
1 335
1 500
After tax
1 848
1 920
1 065
900
Living cost
184
184
184
184
Free-cash
1 664
1 736
881
716

Estimated living cost  is £184 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£829
£1164
£896
£775
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
921
health
-
-
-
109
pensions
-
-
-
104
total
-
-
-
1 134
Employee
755
755
2 236
-
pensions
136
104
104
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

124
124
489
-
health
116
99
109
-
total
376
327
702
-
Employer
755
755
2 236
-
health
52
52
65
-
pensions
53
53
65
-
unemployment
27
27
34
-
total
132
132
164
-
Corporate
1 523
1 513
-
-
income
305
303
-
-
total
305
303
-
-
Dividends
1 218
1 211
-
-
income
259
257
-
-
withholding
183
182
-
-
total
442
439
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 255
1 201
866
1 134
After tax
1 145
1 199
1 534
1 266
Living cost
370
370
370
370
Free-cash
775
829
1 164
896

Estimated living cost  is £370 per week

£262
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£69
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£949
£812
£821
£940
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
other
-
-
-
92
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
49
municipal
-
-
-
647
national
-
-
-
341
pensions
-
-
-
86
total
-
-
-
1 218
Employee
515
-
2 151
-
municipal
154
-
641
-
national
-
-
336
-
total
154
-
977
-
Employer
515
-
2 151
-
health
32
-
49
-
pensions
56
-
86
-
accident
1
-
2
-
unemployment
14
-
21
-
other
60
-
92
-
total
163
-
250
-
Corporate
1 723
2 400
-
-
income
379
528
-
-
total
379
528
-
-
Dividends
1 344
1 872
-
-
withholding
403
562
-
-
total
403
562
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 099
1 090
1 227
1 218
After tax
1 301
1 310
1 173
1 182
Living cost
361
361
361
361
Free-cash
940
949
812
821

Estimated living cost  is £361 per week

£240
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£849
£1112
£785
£975
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
835
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
327
total
-
-
-
1 268
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

448
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
835
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
100
-
941
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 952
2 400
-
-
income
293
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
321
395
-
-
total
634
780
-
-
Dividends
1 318
1 621
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
22
-
-
withholding
326
402
-
-
total
344
424
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 078
1 204
941
1 268
After tax
1 322
1 196
1 459
1 132
Living cost
347
347
347
347
Free-cash
975
849
1 112
785

Estimated living cost  is £347 per week

£232
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1461
£1292
£1311
£1425
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
598
social contributions
-
-
-
143
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
802
Employee
679
679
2 282
-
social contributions
33
56
76
-
income
71
63
588
-
health
7
12
39
-
total
111
131
703
-
Employer
679
679
2 282
-
health
7
13
42
-
social contributions
33
56
76
-
total
40
69
118
-
Corporate
1 962
1 652
-
-
income
245
206
-
-
total
245
206
-
-
Dividends
1 717
1 445
-
-
withholding
292
246
-
-
total
292
246
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
688
652
821
802
After tax
1 712
1 748
1 579
1 598
Living cost
287
287
287
287
Free-cash
1 425
1 461
1 292
1 311

Estimated living cost  is £287 per week

£196
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1185
£1228
£1501
£1187
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
293
unemployment
-
-
-
36
health
-
-
-
168
pensions
-
-
-
240
total
-
-
-
737
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

234
93
2 008
-
unemployment
4
1
30
-
pensions
23
9
201
-
income
29
11
246
-
health
16
7
141
-
total
72
28
618
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

234
93
2 008
-
pensions
46
18
392
-
total
46
18
392
-
Corporate
2 120
2 289
-
-
income
191
206
-
-
total
191
206
-
-
Dividends
1 929
2 083
-
-
social contributions
375
405
-
-
withholding
367
396
-
-
total
742
801
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 051
1 053
1 010
737
After tax
1 349
1 347
1 390
1 663
Living cost
162
162
162
162
Free-cash
1 187
1 185
1 228
1 501

Estimated living cost  is £162 per week

£111
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£35
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1707
£1170
£1073
£1652
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
322
health
-
-
-
312
pensions
-
-
-
480
total
-
-
-
1 114
Employee
251
-
1 794
-
unemployment
4
-
29
-
pensions
5
-
36
-
income
28
-
346
-
total
37
-
411
-
Employer
251
-
1 794
-
health
33
-
233
-
pensions
50
-
359
-
unemployment
2
-
14
-
total
85
-
606
-
Corporate
2 065
2 400
-
-
income
413
480
-
-
total
413
480
-
-
Dividends
1 652
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
535
480
1 017
1 114
After tax
1 865
1 920
1 383
1 286
Living cost
213
213
213
213
Free-cash
1 652
1 707
1 170
1 073

Estimated living cost  is £213 per week

£146
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
-£3
£1136
£1441
£163
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
20
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
310
-
2 210
-
pensions
35
-
68
-
income
43
-
556
-
health
36
-
253
-
total
114
-
877
-
Employer
310
-
2 210
-
pensions
50
-
99
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
63
-
190
-
Corporate
2 027
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 824
2 160
-
-
total
1 824
2 160
-
-
Dividends
203
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 040
2 206
1 067
762
After tax
360
194
1 333
1 638
Living cost
197
197
197
197
Free-cash
163
-3
1 136
1 441

Estimated living cost  is £197 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2208
£1848
£2304
£2195
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
90
-
2 400
-
income
18
-
480
-
total
18
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 310
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 310
2 400
-
-
withholding
115
120
-
-
total
115
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
133
120
480
24
After tax
2 267
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
72
72
72
72
Free-cash
2 195
2 208
1 848
2 304

Estimated living cost  is £72 per week

£45
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£6
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£20
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1528
£1251
£1269
£1469
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
451
other
-
-
-
64
health
-
-
-
59
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
322
total
-
-
-
896
Employee
321
-
2 056
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
94
-
income
55
-
445
-
health
4
-
19
-
total
84
-
571
-
Employer
321
-
2 056
-
health
4
-
19
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

55
-
228
-
accident
3
-
16
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
other
16
-
67
-
total
81
-
343
-
Corporate
1 998
2 400
-
-
income
420
504
-
-
total
420
504
-
-
Dividends
1 579
1 896
-
-
withholding
111
133
-
-
total
111
133
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
696
637
914
896
After tax
1 704
1 763
1 486
1 504
Living cost
235
235
235
235
Free-cash
1 469
1 528
1 251
1 269

Estimated living cost  is £235 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£894
£729
£943
£962
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
826
-
2 089
-
pensions
80
-
112
-
income
149
-
636
-
health
14
-
27
-
total
243
-
775
-
Employer
826
-
2 089
-
health
16
-
40
-
pensions
98
-
272
-
total
114
-
312
-
Corporate
1 460
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

278
456
-
-
total
278
456
-
-
Dividends
1 183
1 944
-
-
withholding
219
466
-
-
total
219
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
854
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 546
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
962
894
729
943

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1936
£1946
£1842
£1894
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
442
Employee
153
-
2 339
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
income
15
-
234
-
health
7
-
14
-
total
37
-
278
-
Employer
153
-
2 339
-
health
11
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
31
-
60
-
Corporate
2 217
2 400
-
-
income
222
240
-
-
total
222
240
-
-
Dividends
1 995
2 160
-
-
withholding
100
108
-
-
total
100
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
390
348
338
442
After tax
2 010
2 052
2 062
1 958
Living cost
116
116
116
116
Free-cash
1 894
1 936
1 946
1 842

Estimated living cost  is £116 per week

£68
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£709
£1044
£776
£734
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
921
health
-
-
-
109
pensions
-
-
-
104
total
-
-
-
1 134
Employee
819
755
2 236
-
pensions
104
104
104
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

124
124
489
-
health
102
99
109
-
total
330
327
702
-
Employer
819
755
2 236
-
health
57
52
65
-
pensions
57
53
65
-
unemployment
29
27
34
-
total
143
132
164
-
Corporate
1 437
1 513
-
-
income
287
303
-
-
total
287
303
-
-
Dividends
1 150
1 211
-
-
income
244
257
-
-
withholding
172
182
-
-
total
416
439
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 176
1 201
866
1 134
After tax
1 224
1 199
1 534
1 266
Living cost
490
490
490
490
Free-cash
734
709
1 044
776

Estimated living cost  is £490 per week

£361
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£44
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1432
£1118
£1229
£1353
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
264
social contributions
-
-
-
316
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
47
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
951
Employee
323
-
1 953
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
38
-
social contributions
21
-
70
-
income
39
-
243
-
health
44
-
264
-
total
104
-
615
-
Employer
323
-
1 953
-
health
29
-
176
-
social contributions
81
-
271
-
total
110
-
447
-
Corporate
1 967
2 400
-
-
income
374
456
-
-
total
374
456
-
-
Dividends
1 593
1 944
-
-
withholding
239
292
-
-
total
239
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
827
748
1 062
951
After tax
1 573
1 652
1 338
1 449
Living cost
220
220
220
220
Free-cash
1 353
1 432
1 118
1 229

Estimated living cost  is £220 per week

£153
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£907
£734
£810
£861
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
442
regional
-
-
-
32
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
727
total
-
-
-
1 217
Employee
785
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
national
136
-
668
-
regional
7
-
30
-
social contributions
265
-
580
-
total
412
-
1 293
-
Employer
785
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 615
2 400
-
-
municipal
63
94
-
-
nationa
388
576
-
-
total
451
670
-
-
Dividends
1 164
1 730
-
-
withholding
303
450
-
-
total
303
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 166
1 120
1 293
1 217
After tax
1 234
1 280
1 107
1 183
Living cost
373
373
373
373
Free-cash
861
907
734
810

Estimated living cost  is £373 per week

£260
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£83
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1315
£876
£929
£1289
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
811
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
143
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
84
pensions
-
-
-
236
total
-
-
-
1 276
Employee
292
-
2 152
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
20
-
82
-
pensions
19
-
79
-
surtax
1
-
132
-
income
49
-
758
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
96
-
1 081
-
Employer
292
-
2 152
-
health
13
-
54
-
pensions
39
-
157
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
61
-
248
-
Corporate
2 046
2 400
-
-
income
532
624
-
-
total
532
624
-
-
Dividends
1 514
1 776
-
-
withholding
227
266
-
-
total
227
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
916
890
1 329
1 276
After tax
1 484
1 510
1 071
1 124
Living cost
195
195
195
195
Free-cash
1 289
1 315
876
929

Estimated living cost  is £195 per week

£119
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£53
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1079
£914
£1128
£1136
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
554
-
2 089
-
pensions
47
-
112
-
income
100
-
636
-
health
8
-
27
-
total
155
-
775
-
Employer
554
-
2 089
-
health
11
-
40
-
pensions
60
-
272
-
total
71
-
312
-
Corporate
1 776
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

337
456
-
-
total
337
456
-
-
Dividends
1 438
1 944
-
-
withholding
302
466
-
-
total
302
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
865
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 535
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 136
1 079
914
1 128

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£394
£1104
£1174
£695
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
48
regional
-
-
-
145
health
-
-
-
5
city
-
-
-
25
national
-
-
-
79
pensions
-
-
-
221
total
-
-
-
523
Employee
823
-
2 168
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
69
-
160
-
national
4
-
66
-
regional
27
-
130
-
city
9
-
24
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
111
-
385
-
Employer
823
-
2 168
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
69
-
160
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
43
-
total
87
-
208
-
Corporate
1 481
2 400
-
-
regional
313
508
-
-
national
126
204
-
-
total
439
712
-
-
Dividends
1 042
1 688
-
-
withholding
365
591
-
-
total
365
591
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 002
1 303
593
523
After tax
1 398
1 097
1 807
1 877
Living cost
703
703
703
703
Free-cash
695
394
1 104
1 174

Estimated living cost  is £703 per week

£457
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£63
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£9
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£174
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£778
£1054
£713
£924
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
835
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
341
total
-
-
-
1 282
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

531
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

62
-
835
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
125
-
941
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 869
2 400
-
-
income
280
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
321
412
-
-
total
620
797
-
-
Dividends
1 249
1 604
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
22
-
-
withholding
309
398
-
-
total
326
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 071
1 217
941
1 282
After tax
1 329
1 183
1 459
1 118
Living cost
405
405
405
405
Free-cash
924
778
1 054
713

Estimated living cost  is £405 per week

£296
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£908
£879
£976
£961
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
504
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
348
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
378
-
1 813
-
pensions
43
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
11
-
52
-
income
22
-
435
-
total
76
-
632
-
Employer
378
-
1 813
-
health
26
-
190
-
pensions
62
-
240
-
unemployment
15
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
13
-
79
-
total
117
-
587
-
Corporate
1 904
2 400
-
-
income
533
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
533
672
-
-
Dividends
1 371
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
236
297
-
-
withholding
175
221
-
-
total
411
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 137
1 190
1 219
1 122
After tax
1 263
1 210
1 181
1 278
Living cost
302
302
302
302
Free-cash
961
908
879
976

Estimated living cost  is £302 per week

£191
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£938
£909
£1006
£987
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
504
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
348
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
338
-
1 813
-
pensions
38
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
10
-
52
-
income
17
-
435
-
total
65
-
632
-
Employer
338
-
1 813
-
health
24
-
190
-
pensions
55
-
240
-
unemployment
14
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
12
-
79
-
total
106
-
587
-
Corporate
1 957
2 400
-
-
income
548
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
548
672
-
-
Dividends
1 409
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
242
297
-
-
withholding
180
221
-
-
total
422
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 141
1 190
1 219
1 122
After tax
1 259
1 210
1 181
1 278
Living cost
272
272
272
272
Free-cash
987
938
909
1 006

Estimated living cost  is £272 per week

£158
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1277
£693
£1354
£1283
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
social contributions
-
-
-
331
health
-
-
-
168
total
-
-
-
859
Employee
300
-
2 400
-
social contributions
41
-
331
-
income
50
-
1 021
-
health
21
-
168
-
total
112
-
1 520
-
Employer
300
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 100
2 400
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

105
120
-
-
total
105
120
-
-
Dividends
1 995
2 280
-
-
social contributions
275
315
-
-
withholding
299
342
-
-
health
139
159
-
-
total
713
816
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
930
936
1 520
859
After tax
1 470
1 464
880
1 541
Living cost
187
187
187
187
Free-cash
1 283
1 277
693
1 354

Estimated living cost  is £187 per week

£125
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1007
£306
£911
£997
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
842
surtax
-
-
-
2
unemployment
-
-
-
54
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
79
pensions
-
-
-
191
total
-
-
-
1 178
Employee
442
352
2 028
-
other
4
4
10
-
unemployment
13
11
31
-
pensions
45
36
106
-
income
50
26
725
-
health
17
14
40
-
total
129
91
912
-
Employer
442
352
2 028
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
17
13
39
-
pensions
55
44
130
-
accident
6
5
13
-
unemployment
13
11
31
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
payroll
13
11
61
-
other
21
17
88
-
total
129
104
372
-
Corporate
1 830
1 945
1 995
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

457
486
499
-
total
457
486
499
-
Dividends
1 372
1 459
-
-
withholding
377
401
-
-
total
377
401
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 092
1 082
1 783
1 178
After tax
1 308
1 318
617
1 222
Living cost
311
311
311
311
Free-cash
997
1 007
306
911

Estimated living cost  is £311 per week

£208
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£972
£477
£724
£887
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
131
social contributions
-
-
-
220
national
-
-
-
1 003
total
-
-
-
1 354
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

632
-
1 859
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
16
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

33
-
97
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
139
-
national
194
-
721
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

30
-
87
-
total
309
-
1 060
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

632
-
1 859
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

39
-
114
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

56
-
165
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
24
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
27
-
surtax
72
-
211
-
total
184
-
541
-
Corporate
1 584
2 400
-
-
income
317
545
-
-
surtax
6
11
-
-
total
323
556
-
-
Dividends
1 261
1 844
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

375
550
-
-
total
375
550
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 191
1 106
1 601
1 354
After tax
1 209
1 294
799
1 046
Living cost
322
322
322
322
Free-cash
887
972
477
724

Estimated living cost  is £322 per week

£208
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1271
£981
£1018
£1209
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
817
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
232
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
440
-
2 139
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
21
-
38
-
income
93
-
787
-
total
121
-
839
-
Employer
440
-
2 139
-
pensions
104
-
193
-
accident
9
-
16
-
unemployment
24
-
45
-
other
4
-
7
-
total
141
-
261
-
Corporate
1 820
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

273
360
-
-
total
273
360
-
-
Dividends
1 547
2 040
-
-
withholding
337
450
-
-
total
337
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
872
810
1 100
1 063
After tax
1 528
1 590
1 300
1 337
Living cost
319
319
319
319
Free-cash
1 209
1 271
981
1 018

Estimated living cost  is £319 per week

£235
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£843
£711
£650
£721
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal
-
-
-
152
accident
-
-
-
18
income
-
-
-
518
surtax
-
-
-
124
health
-
-
-
146
pensions
-
-
-
312
total
-
-
-
1 270
Employee
669
-
2 149
-
pensions
54
-
168
-
surtax
41
-
132
-
income
65
-
564
-
health
30
-
94
-
total
190
-
958
-
Employer
669
-
2 149
-
health
20
-
64
-
pensions
54
-
168
-
accident
6
-
19
-
total
80
-
251
-
Corporate
1 651
2 400
-
-
communal
111
162
-
-
income
248
360
-
-
surtax
17
25
-
-
total
376
547
-
-
Dividends
1 274
1 853
-
-
income
362
252
-
-
withholding
191
278
-
-
total
553
530
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 199
1 077
1 209
1 270
After tax
1 201
1 323
1 191
1 130
Living cost
480
480
480
480
Free-cash
721
843
711
650

Estimated living cost  is £480 per week

£360
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£86
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1312
£873
£926
£1283
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
811
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
143
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
84
pensions
-
-
-
236
total
-
-
-
1 276
Employee
298
-
2 152
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
21
-
82
-
pensions
20
-
79
-
surtax
1
-
132
-
income
50
-
758
-
health
8
-
30
-
total
100
-
1 081
-
Employer
298
-
2 152
-
health
14
-
54
-
pensions
40
-
157
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
63
-
248
-
Corporate
2 040
2 400
-
-
income
530
624
-
-
total
530
624
-
-
Dividends
1 509
1 776
-
-
withholding
226
266
-
-
total
226
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
919
890
1 329
1 276
After tax
1 481
1 510
1 071
1 124
Living cost
198
198
198
198
Free-cash
1 283
1 312
873
926

Estimated living cost  is £198 per week

£120
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1024
£862
£937
£1003
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
442
regional
-
-
-
40
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
727
total
-
-
-
1 225
Employee
490
-
2 400
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
national
78
-
668
-
regional
7
-
37
-
social contributions
165
-
580
-
total
253
-
1 300
-
Employer
490
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 910
2 400
-
-
municipal
95
119
-
-
nationa
458
576
-
-
total
553
695
-
-
Dividends
1 357
1 705
-
-
withholding
353
443
-
-
total
353
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 159
1 138
1 300
1 225
After tax
1 241
1 262
1 100
1 175
Living cost
238
238
238
238
Free-cash
1 003
1 024
862
937

Estimated living cost  is £238 per week

£148
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1381
£1067
£1178
£1283
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
264
social contributions
-
-
-
316
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
47
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
951
Employee
398
-
1 953
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
38
-
social contributions
26
-
70
-
income
48
-
243
-
health
54
-
264
-
total
128
-
615
-
Employer
398
-
1 953
-
health
36
-
176
-
social contributions
100
-
271
-
total
136
-
447
-
Corporate
1 866
2 400
-
-
income
355
456
-
-
total
355
456
-
-
Dividends
1 512
1 944
-
-
withholding
227
292
-
-
total
227
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
846
748
1 062
951
After tax
1 554
1 652
1 338
1 449
Living cost
271
271
271
271
Free-cash
1 283
1 381
1 067
1 178

Estimated living cost  is £271 per week

£201
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1037
£337
£942
£1033
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
842
surtax
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
54
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
79
pensions
-
-
-
191
total
-
-
-
1 176
Employee
386
352
2 030
-
other
4
4
10
-
unemployment
12
11
31
-
pensions
40
36
106
-
income
34
26
725
-
health
15
14
40
-
total
105
91
912
-
Employer
386
352
2 030
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
15
13
39
-
pensions
48
44
130
-
accident
5
5
13
-
unemployment
12
11
31
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
payroll
12
11
61
-
other
18
17
88
-
total
112
102
370
-
Corporate
1 903
1 947
1 997
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

476
487
499
-
total
476
487
499
-
Dividends
1 427
1 460
-
-
withholding
392
401
-
-
total
392
401
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 085
1 081
1 781
1 176
After tax
1 315
1 319
619
1 224
Living cost
282
282
282
282
Free-cash
1 033
1 037
337
942

Estimated living cost  is £282 per week

£169
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2167
£1807
£2263
£2146
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
141
-
2 400
-
income
28
-
480
-
total
28
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 259
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 259
2 400
-
-
withholding
113
120
-
-
total
113
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
141
120
480
24
After tax
2 259
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
113
113
113
113
Free-cash
2 146
2 167
1 807
2 263

Estimated living cost  is £113 per week

£76
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£28
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1415
£782
£834
£1341
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
651
unemployment
-
-
-
4
health
-
-
-
236
pensions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 329
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

391
-
2 077
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
pensions
61
-
322
-
income
67
-
599
-
health
25
-
134
-
total
154
-
1 058
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

391
-
2 077
-
health
26
-
138
-
pensions
35
-
184
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
61
-
323
-
Corporate
1 948
2 400
-
-
income
370
456
-
-
total
370
456
-
-
Dividends
1 578
1 944
-
-
withholding
237
292
-
-
total
237
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
822
748
1 381
1 329
After tax
1 578
1 652
1 019
1 071
Living cost
237
237
237
237
Free-cash
1 341
1 415
782
834

Estimated living cost  is £237 per week

£163
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£55
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£1078
£1902
£1276
£657
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
468
social contributions
-
-
-
274
total
-
-
-
742
Employee
548
-
-
-
social contributions
45
-
6
-
income
121
-
-
-
total
166
-
6
-
Employer
548
-
-
-
social contributions
773
-
110
-
total
773
-
110
-
Corporate
1 079
2 400
-
-
income
237
528
-
-
total
237
528
-
-
Dividends
842
1 872
-
-
income
185
412
-
-
total
185
412
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 361
940
116
742
After tax
1 039
1 460
2 284
1 658
Living cost
382
382
382
382
Free-cash
657
1 078
1 902
1 276

Estimated living cost  is £382 per week

£248
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£93
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1088
£751
£954
£1078
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
335
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 169
Employee
406
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
45
-
213
-
income
85
-
688
-
total
130
-
911
-
Employer
406
-
1 939
-
social contributions
97
-
461
-
total
97
-
461
-
Corporate
1 897
2 400
-
-
income
398
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
398
504
-
-
Dividends
1 499
1 896
-
-
withholding
420
531
-
-
total
420
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 045
1 035
1 372
1 169
After tax
1 355
1 365
1 028
1 231
Living cost
277
277
277
277
Free-cash
1 078
1 088
751
954

Estimated living cost  is £277 per week

£207
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£783
£754
£851
£843
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
504
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
348
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
553
-
1 813
-
pensions
63
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
16
-
52
-
income
48
-
435
-
total
127
-
632
-
Employer
553
-
1 813
-
health
39
-
190
-
pensions
91
-
240
-
unemployment
22
-
73
-
social contributions
2
-
5
-
other
19
-
79
-
total
173
-
587
-
Corporate
1 674
2 400
-
-
income
469
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
469
672
-
-
Dividends
1 205
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
207
297
-
-
withholding
154
221
-
-
total
361
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 130
1 190
1 219
1 122
After tax
1 270
1 210
1 181
1 278
Living cost
427
427
427
427
Free-cash
843
783
754
851

Estimated living cost  is £427 per week

£289
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£97
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1894
£1536
£1472
£1865
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
134
social contributions
-
-
-
528
total
-
-
-
662
Employee
284
-
2 078
-
income
-
-
141
-
social contributions
18
-
135
-
total
18
-
276
-
Employer
284
-
2 078
-
social contributions
44
-
322
-
total
44
-
322
-
Corporate
2 072
2 400
-
-
income
207
240
-
-
total
207
240
-
-
Dividends
1 865
2 160
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
269
240
598
662
After tax
2 131
2 160
1 802
1 738
Living cost
266
266
266
266
Free-cash
1 865
1 894
1 536
1 472

Estimated living cost  is £266 per week

£172
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£69
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£479
£479
£942
£236
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
labour market
-
-
-
191
municipal
-
-
-
525
national
-
-
-
309
pensions
-
-
-
8
total
-
-
-
1 033
Employee
1 793
1 793
1 793
-
municipal
382
382
382
-
labour market
143
143
143
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
national
219
219
219
-
total
747
747
747
-
Employer
1 793
1 793
1 793
-
national
219
219
219
-
labour market
143
143
143
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
municipal
382
382
382
-
total
749
749
749
-
Corporate
478
-
-
-
income
105
-
-
-
total
105
-
-
-
Dividends
373
-
-
-
withholding
138
-
-
-
total
138
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 739
1 496
1 496
1 033
After tax
661
904
904
1 367
Living cost
425
425
425
425
Free-cash
236
479
479
942

Estimated living cost  is £425 per week

£291
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£38
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£90
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£0
£1139
£1444
£165
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
20
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
306
-
2 210
-
pensions
34
-
68
-
income
42
-
556
-
health
35
-
253
-
total
111
-
877
-
Employer
306
-
2 210
-
pensions
50
-
99
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
62
-
190
-
Corporate
2 032
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 829
2 160
-
-
total
1 829
2 160
-
-
Dividends
203
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 041
2 206
1 067
762
After tax
359
194
1 333
1 638
Living cost
194
194
194
194
Free-cash
165
-
1 139
1 444

Estimated living cost  is £194 per week

£141
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1096
£812
£1087
£1140
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 400
health
-
-
-
33
municipal
-
-
-
426
national
-
-
-
515
total
-
-
-
974
Employee
465
-
2 019
-
municipal
76
-
329
-
unemployment
7
-
30
-
pensions
31
-
136
-
national
8
-
346
-
health
3
-
27
-
total
125
-
868
-
Employer
465
-
2 019
-
health
4
-
16
-
pensions
81
-
350
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
88
-
381
-
Corporate
1 847
2 400
-
-
income
369
480
-
-
total
369
480
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 108
1 440
-
-
municipal
200
259
-
-
national
139
226
-
-
total
339
485
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
921
965
1 249
974
After tax
1 479
1 435
1 151
1 426
Living cost
339
339
339
339
Free-cash
1 140
1 096
812
1 087

Estimated living cost  is £339 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1543
£1374
£1393
£1495
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
598
social contributions
-
-
-
143
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
802
Employee
679
679
2 282
-
social contributions
26
56
76
-
income
74
63
588
-
health
5
12
39
-
total
105
131
703
-
Employer
679
679
2 282
-
health
6
13
42
-
social contributions
26
56
76
-
total
32
69
118
-
Corporate
2 059
1 652
-
-
income
257
206
-
-
total
257
206
-
-
Dividends
1 802
1 445
-
-
withholding
306
246
-
-
total
306
246
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
700
652
821
802
After tax
1 700
1 748
1 579
1 598
Living cost
205
205
205
205
Free-cash
1 495
1 543
1 374
1 393

Estimated living cost  is £205 per week

£123
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1847
£1744
£1921
£1803
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
251
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
32
pensions
-
-
-
56
total
-
-
-
339
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

203
-
2 314
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
30
-
126
-
income
14
-
229
-
health
17
-
71
-
total
62
-
430
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

203
-
2 314
-
health
9
-
36
-
pensions
11
-
46
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
21
-
86
-
Corporate
2 176
2 400
-
-
income
196
216
-
-
total
196
216
-
-
Dividends
1 980
2 184
-
-
withholding
178
197
-
-
total
178
197
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
457
413
516
339
After tax
1 943
1 987
1 884
2 061
Living cost
140
140
140
140
Free-cash
1 803
1 847
1 744
1 921

Estimated living cost  is £140 per week

£90
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1347
£1057
£1094
£1309
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
817
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
232
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
327
-
2 139
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
income
63
-
787
-
total
83
-
839
-
Employer
327
-
2 139
-
pensions
77
-
193
-
accident
6
-
16
-
unemployment
18
-
45
-
other
3
-
7
-
total
104
-
261
-
Corporate
1 969
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

295
360
-
-
total
295
360
-
-
Dividends
1 674
2 040
-
-
withholding
366
450
-
-
total
366
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
848
810
1 100
1 063
After tax
1 552
1 590
1 300
1 337
Living cost
243
243
243
243
Free-cash
1 309
1 347
1 057
1 094

Estimated living cost  is £243 per week

£164
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£51
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1481
£1531
£1533
£1479
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
828
health
-
-
-
9
pensions
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
850
Employee
26
-
2 386
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
2
-
6
-
income
5
-
828
-
health
1
-
3
-
total
8
-
838
-
Employer
26
-
2 386
-
health
2
-
6
-
pensions
3
-
7
-
unemployment
1
-
1
-
total
6
-
14
-
Corporate
2 368
2 400
-
-
income
521
528
-
-
total
521
528
-
-
Dividends
1 847
1 872
-
-
withholding
369
374
-
-
total
369
374
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
904
902
852
850
After tax
1 496
1 498
1 548
1 550
Living cost
17
17
17
17
Free-cash
1 479
1 481
1 531
1 533

Estimated living cost  is £17 per week

£10
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£1
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£0
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£5
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1581
£1437
£1437
£1537
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
563
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
67
pensions
-
-
-
170
total
-
-
-
810
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

230
-
2 283
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
32
-
91
-
income
32
-
563
-
health
12
-
34
-
total
78
-
693
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

230
-
2 283
-
health
12
-
34
-
pensions
28
-
78
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
42
-
117
-
Corporate
2 128
2 400
-
-
income
319
360
-
-
total
319
360
-
-
Dividends
1 809
2 040
-
-
withholding
271
306
-
-
total
271
306
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
710
666
810
810
After tax
1 690
1 734
1 590
1 590
Living cost
153
153
153
153
Free-cash
1 537
1 581
1 437
1 437

Estimated living cost  is £153 per week

£103
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1127
£790
£993
£1124
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
335
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 169
Employee
343
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
38
-
213
-
income
67
-
688
-
total
105
-
911
-
Employer
343
-
1 939
-
social contributions
81
-
461
-
total
81
-
461
-
Corporate
1 976
2 400
-
-
income
415
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
415
504
-
-
Dividends
1 561
1 896
-
-
withholding
437
531
-
-
total
437
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 038
1 035
1 372
1 169
After tax
1 362
1 365
1 028
1 231
Living cost
238
238
238
238
Free-cash
1 124
1 127
790
993

Estimated living cost  is £238 per week

£169
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1279
£989
£1026
£1222
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
817
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
232
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
427
-
2 139
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
income
89
-
787
-
total
116
-
839
-
Employer
427
-
2 139
-
pensions
101
-
193
-
accident
8
-
16
-
unemployment
23
-
45
-
other
3
-
7
-
total
135
-
261
-
Corporate
1 837
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

276
360
-
-
total
276
360
-
-
Dividends
1 562
2 040
-
-
withholding
340
450
-
-
total
340
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
867
810
1 100
1 063
After tax
1 533
1 590
1 300
1 337
Living cost
311
311
311
311
Free-cash
1 222
1 279
989
1 026

Estimated living cost  is £311 per week

£223
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£59
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1900
£1910
£1806
£1847
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
46
total
-
-
-
442
Employee
201
-
2 339
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

18
-
27
-
income
20
-
234
-
health
9
-
14
-
total
49
-
278
-
Employer
201
-
2 339
-
health
14
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 159
2 400
-
-
income
216
240
-
-
total
216
240
-
-
Dividends
1 943
2 160
-
-
withholding
97
108
-
-
total
97
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
401
348
338
442
After tax
1 999
2 052
2 062
1 958
Living cost
152
152
152
152
Free-cash
1 847
1 900
1 910
1 806

Estimated living cost  is £152 per week

£100
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£893
£1118
£833
£1009
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
835
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
285
total
-
-
-
1 226
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

440
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
835
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
98
-
941
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 960
2 400
-
-
income
294
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
281
344
-
-
total
595
729
-
-
Dividends
1 365
1 671
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
withholding
338
414
-
-
total
357
437
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 050
1 166
941
1 226
After tax
1 350
1 234
1 459
1 174
Living cost
341
341
341
341
Free-cash
1 009
893
1 118
833

Estimated living cost  is £341 per week

£235
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£64
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1177
£663
£663
£1197
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
814
social contributions
-
-
-
420
total
-
-
-
1 234
Employee
691
-
2 400
-
income
130
-
814
-
social contributions
57
-
420
-
total
187
-
1 234
-
Employer
691
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 709
2 400
-
-
income
214
300
-
-
total
214
300
-
-
Dividends
1 495
2 100
-
-
withholding
299
420
-
-
total
299
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
700
720
1 234
1 234
After tax
1 700
1 680
1 166
1 166
Living cost
503
503
503
503
Free-cash
1 197
1 177
663
663

Estimated living cost  is £503 per week

£383
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1192
£1333
£1665
£1222
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
54
total
-
-
-
414
Employee
405
-
2 359
-
income
44
-
664
-
social contributions
41
-
41
-
total
85
-
705
-
Employer
405
-
2 359
-
social contributions
41
-
41
-
total
41
-
41
-
Corporate
1 954
2 400
-
-
income
684
840
-
-
total
684
840
-
-
Dividends
1 270
1 560
-
-
social contributions
47
47
-
-
total
47
47
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
857
887
746
414
After tax
1 543
1 513
1 654
1 986
Living cost
321
321
321
321
Free-cash
1 222
1 192
1 333
1 665

Estimated living cost  is £321 per week

£211
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1154
£989
£1203
£1206
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
445
-
2 089
-
pensions
34
-
112
-
income
81
-
636
-
health
6
-
27
-
total
121
-
775
-
Employer
445
-
2 089
-
health
8
-
40
-
pensions
45
-
272
-
total
53
-
312
-
Corporate
1 901
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

361
456
-
-
total
361
456
-
-
Dividends
1 540
1 944
-
-
withholding
335
466
-
-
total
335
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
870
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 530
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 206
1 154
989
1 203

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£20
£1119
£1424
£161
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
20
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
762
Employee
336
-
2 210
-
pensions
38
-
68
-
income
46
-
556
-
health
38
-
253
-
total
122
-
877
-
Employer
336
-
2 210
-
pensions
55
-
99
-
accident
6
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
69
-
190
-
Corporate
1 996
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 796
2 160
-
-
total
1 796
2 160
-
-
Dividends
200
240
-
-
withholding
38
46
-
-
total
38
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 025
2 206
1 067
762
After tax
375
194
1 333
1 638
Living cost
214
214
214
214
Free-cash
161
-20
1 119
1 424

Estimated living cost  is £214 per week

£157
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£40
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1717
£1678
£1484
£1691
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
409
unemployment
-
-
-
17
work injury
-
-
-
7
health insurance
-
-
-
104
pensions
-
-
-
260
total
-
-
-
797
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

191
-
2 400
-
health insurance
14
-
52
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
work injury
1
-
4
-
pensions
35
-
130
-
income
19
-
409
-
total
71
-
603
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 209
2 400
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

221
240
-
-
total
221
240
-
-
Dividends
1 988
2 160
-
-
withholding
298
324
-
-
total
298
324
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
590
564
603
797
After tax
1 810
1 836
1 797
1 603
Living cost
119
119
119
119
Free-cash
1 691
1 717
1 678
1 484

Estimated living cost  is £119 per week

£74
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£912
£726
£799
£873
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
442
regional
-
-
-
62
municipal
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
727
total
-
-
-
1 249
Employee
745
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
16
-
national
126
-
668
-
regional
11
-
58
-
social contributions
251
-
580
-
total
392
-
1 322
-
Employer
745
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 655
2 400
-
-
municipal
80
116
-
-
nationa
397
576
-
-
total
477
692
-
-
Dividends
1 178
1 708
-
-
withholding
306
444
-
-
total
306
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 175
1 136
1 322
1 249
After tax
1 225
1 264
1 078
1 151
Living cost
352
352
352
352
Free-cash
873
912
726
799

Estimated living cost  is £352 per week

£247
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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