Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2400
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£944
£1192
£878
£1041
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
837
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
314
total
-
-
-
1 257
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

335
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
837
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
70
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 065
2 400
-
-
income
310
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
325
378
-
-
total
656
763
-
-
Dividends
1 409
1 637
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
22
-
-
withholding
349
406
-
-
total
368
428
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 094
1 191
943
1 257
After tax
1 306
1 209
1 457
1 143
Living cost
265
265
265
265
Free-cash
1 041
944
1 192
878

Estimated living cost  is £265 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£1034
£891
£879
£1024
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
26
municipal
-
-
-
268
national
-
-
-
475
pensions
-
-
-
288
total
-
-
-
1 057
Employee
719
-
2 075
-
municipal
89
-
278
-
pensions
29
-
83
-
national
138
-
496
-
total
256
-
857
-
Employer
719
-
2 075
-
pensions
58
-
166
-
social contributions
8
-
22
-
total
66
-
188
-
Corporate
1 568
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

314
480
-
-
total
314
480
-
-
Dividends
1 254
1 920
-
-
withholding
276
422
-
-
total
276
422
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
912
902
1 045
1 057
After tax
1 488
1 498
1 355
1 343
Living cost
464
464
464
464
Free-cash
1 024
1 034
891
879

Estimated living cost  is £464 per week

£315
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£99
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1738
£883
£720
£1666
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
550
surtax
-
-
-
612
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
336
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 498
Employee
256
-
1 935
-
surtax
-
-
281
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
115
-
income
46
-
474
-
total
74
-
870
-
Employer
256
-
1 935
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

62
-
252
-
surtax
-
-
213
-
total
62
-
465
-
Corporate
2 082
2 400
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

416
480
-
-
total
416
480
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 666
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
552
480
1 335
1 498
After tax
1 848
1 920
1 065
902
Living cost
182
182
182
182
Free-cash
1 666
1 738
883
720

Estimated living cost  is £182 per week

£116
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£835
£1167
£898
£780
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
924
health
-
-
-
108
pensions
-
-
-
103
total
-
-
-
1 135
Employee
748
748
2 237
-
pensions
135
103
103
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
492
-
health
115
98
108
-
total
372
323
703
-
Employer
748
748
2 237
-
health
52
52
65
-
pensions
52
52
65
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
total
131
131
163
-
Corporate
1 530
1 521
-
-
income
306
304
-
-
total
306
304
-
-
Dividends
1 224
1 216
-
-
income
260
258
-
-
withholding
184
182
-
-
total
444
440
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 253
1 198
866
1 135
After tax
1 147
1 202
1 534
1 265
Living cost
367
367
367
367
Free-cash
780
835
1 167
898

Estimated living cost  is £367 per week

£260
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£948
£811
£821
£939
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
other
-
-
-
92
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
49
municipal
-
-
-
647
national
-
-
-
340
pensions
-
-
-
86
total
-
-
-
1 217
Employee
515
-
2 151
-
municipal
154
-
641
-
national
-
-
336
-
total
154
-
977
-
Employer
515
-
2 151
-
health
32
-
49
-
pensions
56
-
86
-
accident
1
-
2
-
unemployment
14
-
21
-
other
60
-
92
-
total
163
-
250
-
Corporate
1 723
2 400
-
-
income
379
528
-
-
total
379
528
-
-
Dividends
1 344
1 872
-
-
withholding
403
562
-
-
total
403
562
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 099
1 090
1 227
1 217
After tax
1 301
1 310
1 173
1 183
Living cost
362
362
362
362
Free-cash
939
948
811
821

Estimated living cost  is £362 per week

£240
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£852
£1113
£785
£976
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
837
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
328
total
-
-
-
1 271
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

444
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
837
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
100
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 956
2 400
-
-
income
293
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
322
395
-
-
total
635
780
-
-
Dividends
1 320
1 621
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
22
-
-
withholding
327
402
-
-
total
345
424
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 080
1 204
943
1 271
After tax
1 320
1 196
1 457
1 129
Living cost
344
344
344
344
Free-cash
976
852
1 113
785

Estimated living cost  is £344 per week

£230
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1465
£1296
£1314
£1427
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
599
social contributions
-
-
-
142
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
802
Employee
674
674
2 282
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
income
71
62
589
-
health
7
11
39
-
total
111
129
703
-
Employer
674
674
2 282
-
health
7
12
42
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
total
40
68
117
-
Corporate
1 965
1 658
-
-
income
246
207
-
-
total
246
207
-
-
Dividends
1 720
1 450
-
-
withholding
292
247
-
-
total
292
247
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
689
651
820
802
After tax
1 711
1 749
1 580
1 598
Living cost
284
284
284
284
Free-cash
1 427
1 465
1 296
1 314

Estimated living cost  is £284 per week

£194
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1187
£1229
£1502
£1190
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
293
unemployment
-
-
-
36
health
-
-
-
168
pensions
-
-
-
240
total
-
-
-
737
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

232
92
2 008
-
unemployment
3
1
30
-
pensions
23
9
201
-
income
28
11
246
-
health
16
6
141
-
total
70
27
618
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

232
92
2 008
-
pensions
45
18
392
-
total
45
18
392
-
Corporate
2 122
2 290
-
-
income
191
206
-
-
total
191
206
-
-
Dividends
1 931
2 083
-
-
social contributions
376
405
-
-
withholding
367
396
-
-
total
743
801
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 049
1 052
1 010
737
After tax
1 351
1 348
1 390
1 663
Living cost
161
161
161
161
Free-cash
1 190
1 187
1 229
1 502

Estimated living cost  is £161 per week

£110
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£35
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1708
£1171
£1074
£1654
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
322
health
-
-
-
312
pensions
-
-
-
480
total
-
-
-
1 114
Employee
249
-
1 794
-
unemployment
4
-
29
-
pensions
5
-
36
-
income
28
-
346
-
total
37
-
411
-
Employer
249
-
1 794
-
health
32
-
233
-
pensions
50
-
359
-
unemployment
2
-
14
-
total
84
-
606
-
Corporate
2 067
2 400
-
-
income
413
480
-
-
total
413
480
-
-
Dividends
1 654
1 920
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
534
480
1 017
1 114
After tax
1 866
1 920
1 383
1 286
Living cost
212
212
212
212
Free-cash
1 654
1 708
1 171
1 074

Estimated living cost  is £212 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
-£1
£1138
£1444
£164
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
761
Employee
307
-
2 211
-
pensions
35
-
68
-
income
42
-
557
-
health
35
-
253
-
total
112
-
878
-
Employer
307
-
2 211
-
pensions
50
-
98
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
63
-
189
-
Corporate
2 030
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 827
2 160
-
-
total
1 827
2 160
-
-
Dividends
203
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 041
2 206
1 067
761
After tax
359
194
1 333
1 639
Living cost
195
195
195
195
Free-cash
164
-1
1 138
1 444

Estimated living cost  is £195 per week

£143
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2208
£1848
£2304
£2194
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
90
-
2 400
-
income
18
-
480
-
total
18
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 310
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 310
2 400
-
-
withholding
116
120
-
-
total
116
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
134
120
480
24
After tax
2 266
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
72
72
72
72
Free-cash
2 194
2 208
1 848
2 304

Estimated living cost  is £72 per week

£44
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£6
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£19
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1529
£1253
£1272
£1471
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
452
other
-
-
-
63
health
-
-
-
59
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
320
total
-
-
-
894
Employee
318
-
2 058
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
93
-
income
55
-
446
-
health
4
-
19
-
total
84
-
571
-
Employer
318
-
2 058
-
health
4
-
19
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

54
-
227
-
accident
3
-
16
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
other
16
-
67
-
total
80
-
342
-
Corporate
2 002
2 400
-
-
income
420
504
-
-
total
420
504
-
-
Dividends
1 581
1 896
-
-
withholding
111
133
-
-
total
111
133
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
695
637
913
894
After tax
1 705
1 763
1 487
1 506
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 471
1 529
1 253
1 272

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£894
£729
£943
£962
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
826
-
2 089
-
pensions
80
-
112
-
income
149
-
636
-
health
14
-
27
-
total
243
-
775
-
Employer
826
-
2 089
-
health
16
-
40
-
pensions
98
-
272
-
total
114
-
312
-
Corporate
1 460
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

278
456
-
-
total
278
456
-
-
Dividends
1 183
1 944
-
-
withholding
219
466
-
-
total
219
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
854
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 546
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
962
894
729
943

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1937
£1947
£1844
£1895
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
152
-
2 340
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
income
15
-
234
-
health
7
-
14
-
total
37
-
278
-
Employer
152
-
2 340
-
health
11
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
31
-
60
-
Corporate
2 218
2 400
-
-
income
222
240
-
-
total
222
240
-
-
Dividends
1 996
2 160
-
-
withholding
100
108
-
-
total
100
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
390
348
338
441
After tax
2 010
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
115
115
115
115
Free-cash
1 895
1 937
1 947
1 844

Estimated living cost  is £115 per week

£67
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£716
£1048
£779
£738
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
924
health
-
-
-
108
pensions
-
-
-
103
total
-
-
-
1 135
Employee
813
748
2 237
-
pensions
103
103
103
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
492
-
health
101
98
108
-
total
326
323
703
-
Employer
813
748
2 237
-
health
56
52
65
-
pensions
57
52
65
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
total
142
131
163
-
Corporate
1 445
1 521
-
-
income
289
304
-
-
total
289
304
-
-
Dividends
1 156
1 216
-
-
income
246
258
-
-
withholding
173
182
-
-
total
419
440
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 176
1 198
866
1 135
After tax
1 224
1 202
1 534
1 265
Living cost
486
486
486
486
Free-cash
738
716
1 048
779

Estimated living cost  is £486 per week

£358
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1434
£1123
£1233
£1358
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
264
social contributions
-
-
-
313
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
48
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
949
Employee
320
-
1 956
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
38
-
social contributions
21
-
70
-
income
38
-
243
-
health
43
-
264
-
total
102
-
615
-
Employer
320
-
1 956
-
health
29
-
176
-
social contributions
80
-
268
-
total
109
-
444
-
Corporate
1 971
2 400
-
-
income
374
456
-
-
total
374
456
-
-
Dividends
1 596
1 944
-
-
withholding
239
292
-
-
total
239
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
824
748
1 059
949
After tax
1 576
1 652
1 341
1 451
Living cost
218
218
218
218
Free-cash
1 358
1 434
1 123
1 233

Estimated living cost  is £218 per week

£151
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£910
£739
£813
£865
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
439
regional
-
-
-
32
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
730
total
-
-
-
1 217
Employee
779
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
national
135
-
671
-
regional
7
-
30
-
social contributions
263
-
575
-
total
409
-
1 291
-
Employer
779
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 621
2 400
-
-
municipal
63
94
-
-
nationa
389
576
-
-
total
452
670
-
-
Dividends
1 169
1 730
-
-
withholding
304
450
-
-
total
304
450
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 165
1 120
1 291
1 217
After tax
1 235
1 280
1 109
1 183
Living cost
370
370
370
370
Free-cash
865
910
739
813

Estimated living cost  is £370 per week

£258
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1317
£878
£932
£1290
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
813
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
143
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
83
pensions
-
-
-
234
total
-
-
-
1 275
Employee
290
-
2 154
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
pensions
19
-
78
-
surtax
1
-
133
-
income
49
-
761
-
health
7
-
30
-
total
96
-
1 083
-
Employer
290
-
2 154
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
39
-
156
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
61
-
246
-
Corporate
2 049
2 400
-
-
income
533
624
-
-
total
533
624
-
-
Dividends
1 516
1 776
-
-
withholding
227
266
-
-
total
227
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
917
890
1 329
1 275
After tax
1 483
1 510
1 071
1 125
Living cost
193
193
193
193
Free-cash
1 290
1 317
878
932

Estimated living cost  is £193 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£53
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£1079
£914
£1128
£1136
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
554
-
2 089
-
pensions
47
-
112
-
income
100
-
636
-
health
8
-
27
-
total
155
-
775
-
Employer
554
-
2 089
-
health
11
-
40
-
pensions
60
-
272
-
total
71
-
312
-
Corporate
1 776
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

337
456
-
-
total
337
456
-
-
Dividends
1 438
1 944
-
-
withholding
302
466
-
-
total
302
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
865
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 535
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 136
1 079
914
1 128

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£404
£1113
£1182
£700
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
48
regional
-
-
-
146
health
-
-
-
5
city
-
-
-
25
national
-
-
-
80
pensions
-
-
-
221
total
-
-
-
525
Employee
811
-
2 169
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
68
-
159
-
national
4
-
68
-
regional
27
-
131
-
city
9
-
24
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
110
-
387
-
Employer
811
-
2 169
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
68
-
159
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
43
-
total
86
-
207
-
Corporate
1 494
2 400
-
-
regional
316
508
-
-
national
127
204
-
-
total
443
712
-
-
Dividends
1 051
1 688
-
-
withholding
368
591
-
-
total
368
591
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 007
1 303
594
525
After tax
1 393
1 097
1 806
1 875
Living cost
693
693
693
693
Free-cash
700
404
1 113
1 182

Estimated living cost  is £693 per week

£450
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£62
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£9
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£172
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£782
£1056
£714
£926
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
837
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
342
total
-
-
-
1 285
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

527
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

62
-
837
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
125
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 873
2 400
-
-
income
281
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
321
412
-
-
total
621
797
-
-
Dividends
1 252
1 604
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
22
-
-
withholding
310
398
-
-
total
327
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 073
1 217
943
1 285
After tax
1 327
1 183
1 457
1 115
Living cost
401
401
401
401
Free-cash
926
782
1 056
714

Estimated living cost  is £401 per week

£293
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£910
£878
£978
£962
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
506
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
346
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
375
-
1 812
-
pensions
42
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
11
-
52
-
income
22
-
437
-
total
75
-
634
-
Employer
375
-
1 812
-
health
26
-
190
-
pensions
62
-
241
-
unemployment
15
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
13
-
79
-
total
117
-
588
-
Corporate
1 908
2 400
-
-
income
534
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
534
672
-
-
Dividends
1 374
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
236
297
-
-
withholding
176
221
-
-
total
412
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 138
1 190
1 222
1 122
After tax
1 262
1 210
1 178
1 278
Living cost
300
300
300
300
Free-cash
962
910
878
978

Estimated living cost  is £300 per week

£189
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£940
£908
£1008
£987
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
506
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
346
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
335
-
1 812
-
pensions
38
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
10
-
52
-
income
17
-
437
-
total
65
-
634
-
Employer
335
-
1 812
-
health
23
-
190
-
pensions
55
-
241
-
unemployment
14
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
other
12
-
79
-
total
105
-
588
-
Corporate
1 961
2 400
-
-
income
549
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
549
672
-
-
Dividends
1 412
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
243
297
-
-
withholding
181
221
-
-
total
424
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 143
1 190
1 222
1 122
After tax
1 257
1 210
1 178
1 278
Living cost
270
270
270
270
Free-cash
987
940
908
1 008

Estimated living cost  is £270 per week

£157
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1278
£694
£1355
£1282
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
social contributions
-
-
-
331
health
-
-
-
168
total
-
-
-
859
Employee
297
-
2 400
-
social contributions
41
-
331
-
income
50
-
1 021
-
health
21
-
168
-
total
112
-
1 520
-
Employer
297
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 103
2 400
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

105
120
-
-
total
105
120
-
-
Dividends
1 998
2 280
-
-
social contributions
276
315
-
-
withholding
300
342
-
-
health
139
159
-
-
total
715
816
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
932
936
1 520
859
After tax
1 468
1 464
880
1 541
Living cost
186
186
186
186
Free-cash
1 282
1 278
694
1 355

Estimated living cost  is £186 per week

£124
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£1011
£308
£913
£996
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
845
surtax
-
-
-
2
unemployment
-
-
-
54
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
pensions
-
-
-
189
total
-
-
-
1 178
Employee
438
349
2 030
-
other
4
3
10
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
pensions
45
36
105
-
income
50
26
728
-
health
17
14
40
-
total
129
89
914
-
Employer
438
349
2 030
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
17
13
39
-
pensions
55
44
128
-
accident
6
5
13
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
payroll
13
10
61
-
other
21
17
88
-
total
129
102
370
-
Corporate
1 834
1 949
1 997
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

459
487
499
-
total
459
487
499
-
Dividends
1 376
1 461
-
-
withholding
378
402
-
-
total
378
402
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 095
1 080
1 783
1 178
After tax
1 305
1 320
617
1 222
Living cost
309
309
309
309
Free-cash
996
1 011
308
913

Estimated living cost  is £309 per week

£206
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£973
£478
£726
£889
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
131
social contributions
-
-
-
218
national
-
-
-
1 005
total
-
-
-
1 354
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

627
-
1 859
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
16
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

33
-
97
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
139
-
national
193
-
722
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
87
-
total
307
-
1 061
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

627
-
1 859
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

39
-
114
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

56
-
165
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
24
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
27
-
surtax
71
-
211
-
total
183
-
541
-
Corporate
1 591
2 400
-
-
income
318
546
-
-
surtax
6
11
-
-
total
324
557
-
-
Dividends
1 266
1 843
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

377
550
-
-
total
377
550
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 191
1 107
1 602
1 354
After tax
1 209
1 293
798
1 046
Living cost
320
320
320
320
Free-cash
889
973
478
726

Estimated living cost  is £320 per week

£206
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1273
£983
£1021
£1213
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
819
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
230
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
436
-
2 141
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
21
-
38
-
income
92
-
789
-
total
120
-
841
-
Employer
436
-
2 141
-
pensions
103
-
192
-
accident
9
-
16
-
unemployment
24
-
45
-
other
3
-
7
-
total
139
-
260
-
Corporate
1 825
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

274
360
-
-
total
274
360
-
-
Dividends
1 551
2 040
-
-
withholding
338
451
-
-
total
338
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
871
811
1 101
1 063
After tax
1 529
1 589
1 299
1 337
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
1 213
1 273
983
1 021

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£233
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£846
£715
£656
£724
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
communal
-
-
-
152
accident
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
521
surtax
-
-
-
124
health
-
-
-
145
pensions
-
-
-
309
total
-
-
-
1 268
Employee
664
-
2 151
-
pensions
53
-
167
-
surtax
41
-
132
-
income
64
-
567
-
health
30
-
93
-
total
188
-
959
-
Employer
664
-
2 151
-
health
20
-
64
-
pensions
53
-
167
-
accident
6
-
19
-
total
79
-
250
-
Corporate
1 657
2 400
-
-
communal
112
162
-
-
income
249
360
-
-
surtax
17
25
-
-
total
378
547
-
-
Dividends
1 279
1 853
-
-
income
363
253
-
-
withholding
192
278
-
-
total
555
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 200
1 078
1 209
1 268
After tax
1 200
1 322
1 191
1 132
Living cost
476
476
476
476
Free-cash
724
846
715
656

Estimated living cost  is £476 per week

£357
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£85
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1313
£874
£928
£1285
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
813
other
-
-
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
143
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
83
pensions
-
-
-
234
total
-
-
-
1 275
Employee
295
-
2 154
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
21
-
81
-
pensions
20
-
78
-
surtax
1
-
133
-
income
49
-
761
-
health
8
-
30
-
total
99
-
1 083
-
Employer
295
-
2 154
-
health
13
-
53
-
pensions
39
-
156
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
other
-
-
-
-
total
61
-
246
-
Corporate
2 043
2 400
-
-
income
531
624
-
-
total
531
624
-
-
Dividends
1 512
1 776
-
-
withholding
227
266
-
-
total
227
266
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
918
890
1 329
1 275
After tax
1 482
1 510
1 071
1 125
Living cost
197
197
197
197
Free-cash
1 285
1 313
874
928

Estimated living cost  is £197 per week

£119
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£1026
£866
£939
£1006
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
439
regional
-
-
-
40
municipal
-
-
-
16
national
-
-
-
730
total
-
-
-
1 225
Employee
486
-
2 400
-
municipal
3
-
15
-
national
77
-
671
-
regional
7
-
37
-
social contributions
164
-
575
-
total
251
-
1 298
-
Employer
486
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 914
2 400
-
-
municipal
95
119
-
-
nationa
459
576
-
-
total
554
695
-
-
Dividends
1 359
1 705
-
-
withholding
353
443
-
-
total
353
443
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 158
1 138
1 298
1 225
After tax
1 242
1 262
1 102
1 175
Living cost
236
236
236
236
Free-cash
1 006
1 026
866
939

Estimated living cost  is £236 per week

£147
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1384
£1073
£1183
£1288
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
264
social contributions
-
-
-
313
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
48
health
-
-
-
324
total
-
-
-
949
Employee
395
-
1 956
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
38
-
social contributions
26
-
70
-
income
47
-
243
-
health
53
-
264
-
total
126
-
615
-
Employer
395
-
1 956
-
health
36
-
176
-
social contributions
99
-
268
-
total
135
-
444
-
Corporate
1 871
2 400
-
-
income
356
456
-
-
total
356
456
-
-
Dividends
1 516
1 944
-
-
withholding
227
292
-
-
total
227
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
844
748
1 059
949
After tax
1 556
1 652
1 341
1 451
Living cost
268
268
268
268
Free-cash
1 288
1 384
1 073
1 183

Estimated living cost  is £268 per week

£200
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£1041
£337
£944
£1038
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
845
surtax
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
54
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
78
pensions
-
-
-
189
total
-
-
-
1 176
Employee
383
349
2 032
-
other
4
3
10
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
pensions
39
36
105
-
income
34
26
729
-
health
15
14
40
-
total
103
89
915
-
Employer
383
349
2 032
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
health
14
13
39
-
pensions
48
44
128
-
accident
5
5
13
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
payroll
11
10
61
-
other
18
17
88
-
total
109
100
368
-
Corporate
1 907
1 950
1 999
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

477
488
500
-
total
477
488
500
-
Dividends
1 430
1 463
-
-
withholding
393
402
-
-
total
393
402
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 082
1 079
1 783
1 176
After tax
1 318
1 321
617
1 224
Living cost
280
280
280
280
Free-cash
1 038
1 041
337
944

Estimated living cost  is £280 per week

£168
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2168
£1808
£2264
£2147
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 400
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
24
Employee
140
-
2 400
-
income
28
-
480
-
total
28
-
480
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 260
2 400
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 260
2 400
-
-
withholding
113
120
-
-
total
113
120
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
141
120
480
24
After tax
2 259
2 280
1 920
2 376
Living cost
112
112
112
112
Free-cash
2 147
2 168
1 808
2 264

Estimated living cost  is £112 per week

£76
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£28
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1417
£782
£834
£1344
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
653
unemployment
-
-
-
4
health
-
-
-
236
pensions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 331
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

388
-
2 077
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
pensions
60
-
322
-
income
67
-
601
-
health
25
-
134
-
total
153
-
1 060
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

388
-
2 077
-
health
26
-
138
-
pensions
34
-
184
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
60
-
323
-
Corporate
1 952
2 400
-
-
income
371
456
-
-
total
371
456
-
-
Dividends
1 581
1 944
-
-
withholding
237
292
-
-
total
237
292
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
821
748
1 383
1 331
After tax
1 579
1 652
1 017
1 069
Living cost
235
235
235
235
Free-cash
1 344
1 417
782
834

Estimated living cost  is £235 per week

£161
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£1075
£1898
£1273
£650
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
468
social contributions
-
-
-
274
total
-
-
-
742
Employee
552
-
-
-
social contributions
45
-
6
-
income
122
-
-
-
total
167
-
6
-
Employer
552
-
-
-
social contributions
778
-
111
-
total
778
-
111
-
Corporate
1 071
2 400
-
-
income
236
528
-
-
total
236
528
-
-
Dividends
835
1 872
-
-
income
184
412
-
-
total
184
412
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 365
940
117
742
After tax
1 035
1 460
2 283
1 658
Living cost
385
385
385
385
Free-cash
650
1 075
1 898
1 273

Estimated living cost  is £385 per week

£250
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£94
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1090
£752
£955
£1081
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
336
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 170
Employee
403
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
44
-
213
-
income
84
-
689
-
total
128
-
912
-
Employer
403
-
1 939
-
social contributions
96
-
461
-
total
96
-
461
-
Corporate
1 901
2 400
-
-
income
399
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
399
504
-
-
Dividends
1 502
1 896
-
-
withholding
421
531
-
-
total
421
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 044
1 035
1 373
1 170
After tax
1 356
1 365
1 027
1 230
Living cost
275
275
275
275
Free-cash
1 081
1 090
752
955

Estimated living cost  is £275 per week

£206
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£787
£755
£855
£847
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
506
other
-
-
-
74
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
68
health
-
-
-
128
pensions
-
-
-
346
total
-
-
-
1 122
Employee
549
-
1 812
-
pensions
62
-
145
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
16
-
52
-
income
48
-
437
-
total
126
-
634
-
Employer
549
-
1 812
-
health
38
-
190
-
pensions
90
-
241
-
unemployment
22
-
73
-
social contributions
2
-
5
-
other
19
-
79
-
total
171
-
588
-
Corporate
1 680
2 400
-
-
income
470
672
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
470
672
-
-
Dividends
1 209
1 728
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
208
297
-
-
withholding
155
221
-
-
total
363
518
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 130
1 190
1 222
1 122
After tax
1 270
1 210
1 178
1 278
Living cost
423
423
423
423
Free-cash
847
787
755
855

Estimated living cost  is £423 per week

£286
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£96
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1897
£1539
£1475
£1868
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
134
social contributions
-
-
-
528
total
-
-
-
662
Employee
282
-
2 078
-
income
-
-
141
-
social contributions
18
-
135
-
total
18
-
276
-
Employer
282
-
2 078
-
social contributions
44
-
322
-
total
44
-
322
-
Corporate
2 075
2 400
-
-
income
207
240
-
-
total
207
240
-
-
Dividends
1 867
2 160
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
269
240
598
662
After tax
2 131
2 160
1 802
1 738
Living cost
263
263
263
263
Free-cash
1 868
1 897
1 539
1 475

Estimated living cost  is £263 per week

£170
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£491
£491
£944
£240
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
labour market
-
-
-
191
municipal
-
-
-
525
national
-
-
-
310
pensions
-
-
-
8
total
-
-
-
1 034
Employee
1 781
1 781
1 781
-
municipal
379
379
379
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
national
218
218
218
-
total
742
742
742
-
Employer
1 781
1 781
1 781
-
national
218
218
218
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
municipal
380
380
380
-
total
745
745
745
-
Corporate
492
-
-
-
income
108
-
-
-
total
108
-
-
-
Dividends
383
-
-
-
withholding
143
-
-
-
total
143
-
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 738
1 487
1 487
1 034
After tax
662
913
913
1 366
Living cost
422
422
422
422
Free-cash
240
491
491
944

Estimated living cost  is £422 per week

£289
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£89
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
£1
£1140
£1446
£164
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
761
Employee
303
-
2 211
-
pensions
34
-
68
-
income
42
-
557
-
health
35
-
253
-
total
111
-
878
-
Employer
303
-
2 211
-
pensions
49
-
98
-
accident
5
-
37
-
unemployment
7
-
54
-
total
61
-
189
-
Corporate
2 035
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 832
2 160
-
-
total
1 832
2 160
-
-
Dividends
204
240
-
-
withholding
39
46
-
-
total
39
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 043
2 206
1 067
761
After tax
357
194
1 333
1 639
Living cost
193
193
193
193
Free-cash
164
1
1 140
1 446

Estimated living cost  is £193 per week

£140
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1097
£813
£1088
£1142
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 400
health
-
-
-
33
municipal
-
-
-
426
national
-
-
-
517
total
-
-
-
976
Employee
461
-
2 019
-
municipal
76
-
329
-
unemployment
7
-
30
-
pensions
31
-
136
-
national
8
-
348
-
health
3
-
27
-
total
125
-
870
-
Employer
461
-
2 019
-
health
4
-
16
-
pensions
80
-
350
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
87
-
381
-
Corporate
1 852
2 400
-
-
income
370
480
-
-
total
370
480
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 111
1 440
-
-
municipal
200
259
-
-
national
140
228
-
-
total
340
487
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
922
967
1 251
976
After tax
1 478
1 433
1 149
1 424
Living cost
336
336
336
336
Free-cash
1 142
1 097
813
1 088

Estimated living cost  is £336 per week

£220
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1546
£1377
£1395
£1498
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
599
social contributions
-
-
-
142
health
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
802
Employee
674
674
2 282
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
income
73
62
589
-
health
5
11
39
-
total
103
129
703
-
Employer
674
674
2 282
-
health
6
12
42
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
total
31
68
117
-
Corporate
2 062
1 658
-
-
income
258
207
-
-
total
258
207
-
-
Dividends
1 804
1 450
-
-
withholding
307
247
-
-
total
307
247
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
699
651
820
802
After tax
1 701
1 749
1 580
1 598
Living cost
203
203
203
203
Free-cash
1 498
1 546
1 377
1 395

Estimated living cost  is £203 per week

£122
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1848
£1745
£1922
£1804
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
251
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
32
pensions
-
-
-
56
total
-
-
-
339
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

201
-
2 314
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
30
-
125
-
income
14
-
230
-
health
17
-
71
-
total
62
-
430
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

201
-
2 314
-
health
9
-
36
-
pensions
11
-
46
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
21
-
86
-
Corporate
2 178
2 400
-
-
income
196
216
-
-
total
196
216
-
-
Dividends
1 982
2 184
-
-
withholding
178
197
-
-
total
178
197
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
457
413
516
339
After tax
1 943
1 987
1 884
2 061
Living cost
139
139
139
139
Free-cash
1 804
1 848
1 745
1 922

Estimated living cost  is £139 per week

£89
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1348
£1058
£1096
£1311
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
819
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
230
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
324
-
2 141
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
income
62
-
789
-
total
82
-
841
-
Employer
324
-
2 141
-
pensions
76
-
192
-
accident
6
-
16
-
unemployment
18
-
45
-
other
3
-
7
-
total
103
-
260
-
Corporate
1 973
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

296
360
-
-
total
296
360
-
-
Dividends
1 677
2 040
-
-
withholding
367
451
-
-
total
367
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
848
811
1 101
1 063
After tax
1 552
1 589
1 299
1 337
Living cost
241
241
241
241
Free-cash
1 311
1 348
1 058
1 096

Estimated living cost  is £241 per week

£163
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£51
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1481
£1531
£1533
£1479
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
828
health
-
-
-
9
pensions
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
850
Employee
26
-
2 386
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
2
-
6
-
income
5
-
828
-
health
1
-
3
-
total
8
-
838
-
Employer
26
-
2 386
-
health
2
-
6
-
pensions
3
-
7
-
unemployment
1
-
1
-
total
6
-
14
-
Corporate
2 368
2 400
-
-
income
521
528
-
-
total
521
528
-
-
Dividends
1 847
1 872
-
-
withholding
369
374
-
-
total
369
374
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
904
902
852
850
After tax
1 496
1 498
1 548
1 550
Living cost
17
17
17
17
Free-cash
1 479
1 481
1 531
1 533

Estimated living cost  is £17 per week

£10
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£1
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£0
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£5
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1582
£1440
£1440
£1538
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
563
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
67
pensions
-
-
-
168
total
-
-
-
808
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

229
-
2 284
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
32
-
91
-
income
31
-
563
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
77
-
692
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

229
-
2 284
-
health
12
-
33
-
pensions
27
-
78
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
41
-
116
-
Corporate
2 131
2 400
-
-
income
320
360
-
-
total
320
360
-
-
Dividends
1 811
2 040
-
-
withholding
272
306
-
-
total
272
306
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
710
666
808
808
After tax
1 690
1 734
1 592
1 592
Living cost
152
152
152
152
Free-cash
1 538
1 582
1 440
1 440

Estimated living cost  is £152 per week

£102
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1129
£791
£994
£1126
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
336
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
834
total
-
-
-
1 170
Employee
340
-
1 939
-
surtax
-
-
10
-
social contributions
37
-
213
-
income
66
-
689
-
total
103
-
912
-
Employer
340
-
1 939
-
social contributions
81
-
461
-
total
81
-
461
-
Corporate
1 979
2 400
-
-
income
416
504
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
416
504
-
-
Dividends
1 563
1 896
-
-
withholding
438
531
-
-
total
438
531
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 038
1 035
1 373
1 170
After tax
1 362
1 365
1 027
1 230
Living cost
236
236
236
236
Free-cash
1 126
1 129
791
994

Estimated living cost  is £236 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1281
£991
£1029
£1226
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
819
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
pensions
-
-
-
230
total
-
-
-
1 063
Employee
423
-
2 141
-
other
-
-
1
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
income
88
-
789
-
total
115
-
841
-
Employer
423
-
2 141
-
pensions
100
-
192
-
accident
8
-
16
-
unemployment
23
-
45
-
other
3
-
7
-
total
134
-
260
-
Corporate
1 842
2 400
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

276
360
-
-
total
276
360
-
-
Dividends
1 565
2 040
-
-
withholding
341
451
-
-
total
341
451
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
866
811
1 101
1 063
After tax
1 534
1 589
1 299
1 337
Living cost
308
308
308
308
Free-cash
1 226
1 281
991
1 029

Estimated living cost  is £308 per week

£221
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£59
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1901
£1911
£1808
£1848
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
total
-
-
-
441
Employee
200
-
2 340
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

18
-
27
-
income
20
-
234
-
health
9
-
14
-
total
49
-
278
-
Employer
200
-
2 340
-
health
14
-
21
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 161
2 400
-
-
income
216
240
-
-
total
216
240
-
-
Dividends
1 945
2 160
-
-
withholding
97
108
-
-
total
97
108
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
401
348
338
441
After tax
1 999
2 052
2 062
1 959
Living cost
151
151
151
151
Free-cash
1 848
1 901
1 911
1 808

Estimated living cost  is £151 per week

£100
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£896
£1119
£833
£1010
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 400
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
837
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
46
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
trade
-
-
-
286
total
-
-
-
1 229
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

436
-
2 400
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
46
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
837
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
total
98
-
943
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 964
2 400
-
-
income
295
360
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
trade
282
344
-
-
total
597
729
-
-
Dividends
1 367
1 671
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

19
23
-
-
withholding
338
414
-
-
total
357
437
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 052
1 166
943
1 229
After tax
1 348
1 234
1 457
1 171
Living cost
338
338
338
338
Free-cash
1 010
896
1 119
833

Estimated living cost  is £338 per week

£233
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£64
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1181
£666
£666
£1201
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
815
social contributions
-
-
-
420
total
-
-
-
1 235
Employee
685
-
2 400
-
income
129
-
815
-
social contributions
57
-
420
-
total
186
-
1 235
-
Employer
685
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 715
2 400
-
-
income
214
300
-
-
total
214
300
-
-
Dividends
1 500
2 100
-
-
withholding
300
420
-
-
total
300
420
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
700
720
1 235
1 235
After tax
1 700
1 680
1 165
1 165
Living cost
499
499
499
499
Free-cash
1 201
1 181
666
666

Estimated living cost  is £499 per week

£380
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1196
£1337
£1669
£1227
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
360
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
53
total
-
-
-
413
Employee
402
-
2 360
-
income
44
-
665
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
84
-
705
-
Employer
402
-
2 360
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
1 958
2 400
-
-
income
685
840
-
-
total
685
840
-
-
Dividends
1 273
1 560
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
855
886
745
413
After tax
1 545
1 514
1 655
1 987
Living cost
318
318
318
318
Free-cash
1 227
1 196
1 337
1 669

Estimated living cost  is £318 per week

£210
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1154
£989
£1203
£1206
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
777
pensions
-
-
-
96
total
-
-
-
873
Employee
445
-
2 089
-
pensions
34
-
112
-
income
81
-
636
-
health
6
-
27
-
total
121
-
775
-
Employer
445
-
2 089
-
health
8
-
40
-
pensions
45
-
272
-
total
53
-
312
-
Corporate
1 901
2 400
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

361
456
-
-
total
361
456
-
-
Dividends
1 540
1 944
-
-
withholding
335
466
-
-
total
335
466
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
870
922
1 087
873
After tax
1 530
1 478
1 313
1 527
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 206
1 154
989
1 203

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£18
£1121
£1427
£162
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
700
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
pensions
-
-
-
37
total
-
-
-
761
Employee
333
-
2 211
-
pensions
37
-
68
-
income
46
-
557
-
health
38
-
253
-
total
121
-
878
-
Employer
333
-
2 211
-
pensions
54
-
98
-
accident
6
-
37
-
unemployment
8
-
54
-
total
68
-
189
-
Corporate
1 999
2 400
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 799
2 160
-
-
total
1 799
2 160
-
-
Dividends
200
240
-
-
withholding
38
46
-
-
total
38
46
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
2 026
2 206
1 067
761
After tax
374
194
1 333
1 639
Living cost
212
212
212
212
Free-cash
162
-18
1 121
1 427

Estimated living cost  is £212 per week

£155
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£40
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1718
£1680
£1487
£1692
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 400
income
-
-
-
409
unemployment
-
-
-
17
work injury
-
-
-
7
health insurance
-
-
-
104
pensions
-
-
-
258
total
-
-
-
795
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

189
-
2 400
-
health insurance
14
-
52
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
work injury
1
-
4
-
pensions
35
-
129
-
income
19
-
409
-
total
71
-
602
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 211
2 400
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

221
240
-
-
total
221
240
-
-
Dividends
1 989
2 160
-
-
withholding
298
324
-
-
total
298
324
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
590
564
602
795
After tax
1 810
1 836
1 798
1 605
Living cost
118
118
118
118
Free-cash
1 692
1 718
1 680
1 487

Estimated living cost  is £118 per week

£73
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£915
£731
£802
£875
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 400
social contributions
-
-
-
439
regional
-
-
-
62
municipal
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
730
total
-
-
-
1 249
Employee
738
-
2 400
-
municipal
4
-
16
-
national
125
-
671
-
regional
11
-
58
-
social contributions
249
-
575
-
total
389
-
1 320
-
Employer
738
-
2 400
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 662
2 400
-
-
municipal
80
116
-
-
nationa
399
576
-
-
total
479
692
-
-
Dividends
1 183
1 708
-
-
withholding
308
444
-
-
total
308
444
-
-
Income
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
Total tax
1 176
1 136
1 320
1 249
After tax
1 224
1 264
1 080
1 151
Living cost
349
349
349
349
Free-cash
875
915
731
802

Estimated living cost  is £349 per week

£245
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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