Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 2250
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£868
£965
£818
£1108
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 250
trade
-
-
-
290
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
774
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
43
total
-
-
-
1 167
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

334
-
2 250
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
43
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
774
-
total
70
-
877
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 916
2 250
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
19
-
-
income
287
338
-
-
trade
302
354
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
609
716
-
-
Dividends
1 307
1 535
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

18
21
-
-
withholding
323
380
-
-
total
341
401
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 020
1 117
877
1 167
After tax
1 230
1 133
1 373
1 083
Living cost
265
265
265
265
Free-cash
965
868
1 108
818

Estimated living cost  is £265 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£963
£956
£819
£831
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
252
pensions
-
-
-
270
national
-
-
-
444
social contributions
-
-
-
24
total
-
-
-
990
Employee
684
-
1 945
-
municipal
84
-
260
-
pensions
27
-
78
-
national
131
-
463
-
total
242
-
801
-
Employer
684
-
1 945
-
social contributions
7
-
21
-
pensions
55
-
156
-
total
62
-
177
-
Corporate
1 459
2 250
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

292
450
-
-
total
292
450
-
-
Dividends
1 167
1 800
-
-
withholding
257
396
-
-
total
257
396
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
853
846
978
990
After tax
1 397
1 404
1 272
1 260
Living cost
441
441
441
441
Free-cash
956
963
831
819

Estimated living cost  is £441 per week

£300
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£94
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£1618
£1546
£655
£811
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
2 250
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
504
surtax
-
-
-
574
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
335
total
-
-
-
1 413
Employee
255
-
1 801
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
115
-
surtax
-
-
261
-
income
45
-
432
-
total
73
-
808
-
Employer
255
-
1 801
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

62
-
251
-
surtax
-
-
198
-
total
62
-
449
-
Corporate
1 933
2 250
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

387
450
-
-
total
387
450
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

1 546
1 800
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
522
450
1 257
1 413
After tax
1 728
1 800
993
837
Living cost
182
182
182
182
Free-cash
1 546
1 618
811
655

Estimated living cost  is £182 per week

£116
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£44
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£759
£705
£827
£1073
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
847
pensions
-
-
-
102
health
-
-
-
108
total
-
-
-
1 057
Employee
747
747
2 088
-
health
115
97
108
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
439
-
pensions
134
102
102
-
total
371
321
649
-
Employer
747
747
2 088
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
pensions
52
52
65
-
health
52
52
64
-
total
131
131
162
-
Corporate
1 382
1 373
-
-
income
276
275
-
-
total
276
275
-
-
Dividends
1 106
1 098
-
-
income
235
233
-
-
withholding
166
165
-
-
total
401
398
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 179
1 125
811
1 057
After tax
1 071
1 125
1 439
1 193
Living cost
366
366
366
366
Free-cash
705
759
1 073
827

Estimated living cost  is £366 per week

£260
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£890
£882
£771
£762
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
607
accident
-
-
-
1
pensions
-
-
-
80
other
-
-
-
86
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
46
national
-
-
-
319
total
-
-
-
1 140
Employee
483
-
2 016
-
municipal
144
-
601
-
national
-
-
315
-
total
144
-
916
-
Employer
483
-
2 016
-
accident
1
-
1
-
other
56
-
86
-
unemployment
13
-
20
-
pensions
52
-
80
-
health
30
-
46
-
total
152
-
233
-
Corporate
1 615
2 250
-
-
income
355
495
-
-
total
355
495
-
-
Dividends
1 260
1 755
-
-
withholding
378
526
-
-
total
378
526
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 029
1 021
1 149
1 140
After tax
1 221
1 229
1 101
1 110
Living cost
339
339
339
339
Free-cash
882
890
762
771

Estimated living cost  is £339 per week

£225
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£76
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£778
£901
£727
£1030
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 250
trade
-
-
-
303
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
774
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
43
total
-
-
-
1 180
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

443
-
2 250
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
43
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
774
-
total
100
-
877
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 807
2 250
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
19
-
-
income
271
338
-
-
trade
297
370
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
587
732
-
-
Dividends
1 220
1 519
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
21
-
-
withholding
302
376
-
-
total
319
397
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 006
1 129
877
1 180
After tax
1 244
1 121
1 373
1 070
Living cost
343
343
343
343
Free-cash
901
778
1 030
727

Estimated living cost  is £343 per week

£230
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£1355
£1318
£1219
£1202
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
549
health
-
-
-
57
social contributions
-
-
-
141
total
-
-
-
747
Employee
672
672
2 135
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
health
7
11
36
-
income
71
62
539
-
total
111
129
650
-
Employer
672
672
2 135
-
social contributions
33
56
75
-
health
7
12
39
-
total
40
68
114
-
Corporate
1 817
1 510
-
-
income
227
189
-
-
total
227
189
-
-
Dividends
1 590
1 321
-
-
withholding
270
225
-
-
total
270
225
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
648
611
764
747
After tax
1 602
1 639
1 486
1 503
Living cost
284
284
284
284
Free-cash
1 318
1 355
1 202
1 219

Estimated living cost  is £284 per week

£194
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£1104
£1106
£1399
£1146
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
275
pensions
-
-
-
225
unemployment
-
-
-
34
health
-
-
-
158
total
-
-
-
692
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

229
91
1 883
-
health
16
6
132
-
income
28
11
230
-
pensions
23
9
188
-
unemployment
3
1
28
-
total
70
27
578
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

229
91
1 883
-
pensions
45
18
367
-
total
45
18
367
-
Corporate
1 976
2 141
-
-
income
178
193
-
-
total
178
193
-
-
Dividends
1 798
1 948
-
-
social contributions
350
379
-
-
withholding
342
370
-
-
total
692
749
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
985
987
945
692
After tax
1 265
1 263
1 305
1 558
Living cost
159
159
159
159
Free-cash
1 106
1 104
1 146
1 399

Estimated living cost  is £159 per week

£108
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£1589
£1534
£995
£1086
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
301
pensions
-
-
-
450
health
-
-
-
293
total
-
-
-
1 044
Employee
248
-
1 682
-
income
28
-
324
-
pensions
5
-
34
-
unemployment
4
-
27
-
total
37
-
385
-
Employer
248
-
1 682
-
unemployment
2
-
13
-
pensions
50
-
336
-
health
32
-
219
-
total
84
-
568
-
Corporate
1 918
2 250
-
-
income
384
450
-
-
total
384
450
-
-
Dividends
1 535
1 800
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
505
450
953
1 044
After tax
1 745
1 800
1 297
1 206
Living cost
211
211
211
211
Free-cash
1 534
1 589
1 086
995

Estimated living cost  is £211 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
-£10
£153
£1344
£1054
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
654
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
714
Employee
302
-
2 069
-
health
35
-
237
-
income
41
-
518
-
pensions
34
-
67
-
total
110
-
822
-
Employer
302
-
2 069
-
accident
5
-
35
-
unemployment
7
-
51
-
pensions
49
-
96
-
total
61
-
182
-
Corporate
1 887
2 250
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 698
2 025
-
-
total
1 698
2 025
-
-
Dividends
189
225
-
-
withholding
36
43
-
-
total
36
43
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 905
2 068
1 004
714
After tax
345
182
1 246
1 536
Living cost
192
192
192
192
Free-cash
153
-10
1 054
1 344

Estimated living cost  is £192 per week

£141
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£2058
£2043
£2148
£1721
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 250
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
23
total
-
-
-
23
Employee
99
-
2 250
-
income
20
-
450
-
total
20
-
450
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 151
2 250
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 151
2 250
-
-
withholding
108
113
-
-
total
108
113
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
128
113
450
23
After tax
2 122
2 137
1 800
2 227
Living cost
79
79
79
79
Free-cash
2 043
2 058
1 721
2 148

Estimated living cost  is £79 per week

£49
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£7
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£21
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£1421
£1362
£1162
£1144
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
415
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
319
other
-
-
-
63
health
-
-
-
58
total
-
-
-
855
Employee
317
-
1 910
-
health
4
-
19
-
income
55
-
409
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
93
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
total
84
-
534
-
Employer
317
-
1 910
-
accident
3
-
15
-
other
16
-
66
-
unemployment
3
-
13
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

54
-
226
-
health
4
-
19
-
total
80
-
339
-
Corporate
1 853
2 250
-
-
income
389
472
-
-
total
389
472
-
-
Dividends
1 464
1 778
-
-
withholding
102
124
-
-
total
102
124
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
655
596
873
855
After tax
1 595
1 654
1 377
1 395
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
1 362
1 421
1 144
1 162

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£812
£881
£854
£654
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
719
pensions
-
-
-
93
total
-
-
-
812
Employee
826
-
1 959
-
health
14
-
26
-
income
149
-
586
-
pensions
80
-
109
-
total
243
-
721
-
Employer
826
-
1 959
-
pensions
98
-
254
-
health
16
-
37
-
total
114
-
291
-
Corporate
1 310
2 250
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

249
428
-
-
total
249
428
-
-
Dividends
1 061
1 822
-
-
withholding
179
426
-
-
total
179
426
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
785
854
1 012
812
After tax
1 465
1 396
1 238
1 438
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
881
812
654
854

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£1809
£1768
£1716
£1812
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
338
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
419
Employee
152
-
2 190
-
health
7
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
15
-
219
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
total
37
-
263
-
Employer
152
-
2 190
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
34
-
health
10
-
21
-
total
30
-
60
-
Corporate
2 068
2 250
-
-
income
207
225
-
-
total
207
225
-
-
Dividends
1 862
2 025
-
-
withholding
93
101
-
-
total
93
101
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
367
326
323
419
After tax
1 883
1 924
1 927
1 831
Living cost
115
115
115
115
Free-cash
1 768
1 809
1 812
1 716

Estimated living cost  is £115 per week

£67
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£640
£662
£708
£954
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
847
pensions
-
-
-
102
health
-
-
-
108
total
-
-
-
1 057
Employee
810
747
2 088
-
health
101
97
108
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

122
122
439
-
pensions
102
102
102
-
total
325
321
649
-
Employer
810
747
2 088
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
pensions
56
52
65
-
health
56
52
64
-
total
141
131
162
-
Corporate
1 298
1 373
-
-
income
260
275
-
-
total
260
275
-
-
Dividends
1 038
1 098
-
-
income
221
233
-
-
withholding
156
165
-
-
total
377
398
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 103
1 125
811
1 057
After tax
1 147
1 125
1 439
1 193
Living cost
485
485
485
485
Free-cash
662
640
954
708

Estimated living cost  is £485 per week

£358
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£1341
£1265
£1146
£1043
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
247
health
-
-
-
304
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
43
social contributions
-
-
-
301
total
-
-
-
895
Employee
307
-
1 828
-
social contributions
20
-
67
-
health
42
-
247
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
34
-
income
37
-
227
-
total
99
-
575
-
Employer
307
-
1 828
-
social contributions
77
-
258
-
health
28
-
165
-
total
105
-
423
-
Corporate
1 838
2 250
-
-
income
349
427
-
-
total
349
427
-
-
Dividends
1 489
1 823
-
-
withholding
223
273
-
-
total
223
273
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
776
700
998
895
After tax
1 474
1 550
1 252
1 355
Living cost
209
209
209
209
Free-cash
1 265
1 341
1 043
1 146

Estimated living cost  is £209 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£831
£786
£733
£659
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
14
regional
-
-
-
30
national
-
-
-
666
social contributions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 148
Employee
777
-
2 250
-
social contributions
262
-
574
-
regional
7
-
27
-
municipal
4
-
13
-
national
135
-
608
-
total
408
-
1 222
-
Employer
777
-
2 250
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 473
2 250
-
-
nationa
354
540
-
-
municipal
57
88
-
-
total
411
628
-
-
Dividends
1 062
1 622
-
-
withholding
276
422
-
-
total
276
422
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 095
1 050
1 222
1 148
After tax
1 155
1 200
1 028
1 102
Living cost
369
369
369
369
Free-cash
786
831
659
733

Estimated living cost  is £369 per week

£257
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£82
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£1222
£1196
£862
£809
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
747
pensions
-
-
-
233
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
83
surtax
-
-
-
130
total
-
-
-
1 195
Employee
289
-
2 004
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
7
-
30
-
surtax
1
-
119
-
income
48
-
694
-
pensions
19
-
78
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
total
95
-
1 002
-
Employer
289
-
2 004
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
pensions
39
-
156
-
health
13
-
53
-
total
61
-
246
-
Corporate
1 900
2 250
-
-
income
494
585
-
-
total
494
585
-
-
Dividends
1 406
1 665
-
-
withholding
211
250
-
-
total
211
250
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
861
835
1 248
1 195
After tax
1 389
1 415
1 002
1 055
Living cost
193
193
193
193
Free-cash
1 196
1 222
809
862

Estimated living cost  is £193 per week

£118
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£53
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£997
£1054
£1039
£839
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
719
pensions
-
-
-
93
total
-
-
-
812
Employee
554
-
1 959
-
health
8
-
26
-
income
100
-
586
-
pensions
47
-
109
-
total
155
-
721
-
Employer
554
-
1 959
-
pensions
60
-
254
-
health
11
-
37
-
total
71
-
291
-
Corporate
1 626
2 250
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

309
428
-
-
total
309
428
-
-
Dividends
1 317
1 822
-
-
withholding
262
426
-
-
total
262
426
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
797
854
1 012
812
After tax
1 453
1 396
1 238
1 438
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
1 054
997
839
1 039

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
£364
£649
£1096
£1030
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
city
-
-
-
24
pensions
-
-
-
207
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
45
regional
-
-
-
135
health
-
-
-
5
national
-
-
-
73
total
-
-
-
489
Employee
778
-
2 032
-
city
8
-
22
-
regional
25
-
121
-
health
2
-
5
-
pensions
65
-
150
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
national
4
-
61
-
total
104
-
359
-
Employer
778
-
2 032
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

16
-
41
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
65
-
150
-
health
2
-
5
-
total
83
-
196
-
Corporate
1 381
2 250
-
-
regional
292
476
-
-
national
117
191
-
-
total
409
667
-
-
Dividends
971
1 583
-
-
withholding
340
554
-
-
total
340
554
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
936
1 221
555
489
After tax
1 314
1 029
1 695
1 761
Living cost
665
665
665
665
Free-cash
649
364
1 030
1 096

Estimated living cost  is £665 per week

£432
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£60
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£8
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£165
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£710
£851
£657
£973
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 250
trade
-
-
-
316
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
774
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
43
total
-
-
-
1 193
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

525
-
2 250
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
43
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

62
-
774
-
total
125
-
877
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 725
2 250
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

14
19
-
-
income
259
338
-
-
trade
296
386
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
4
-
-
total
573
747
-
-
Dividends
1 152
1 504
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

16
20
-
-
withholding
285
373
-
-
total
301
393
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
999
1 140
877
1 193
After tax
1 251
1 110
1 373
1 057
Living cost
400
400
400
400
Free-cash
851
710
973
657

Estimated living cost  is £400 per week

£292
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£835
£887
£907
£824
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
459
pensions
-
-
-
334
other
-
-
-
70
health
-
-
-
117
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
64
total
-
-
-
1 044
Employee
374
-
1 704
-
social contributions
11
-
49
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
22
-
398
-
pensions
42
-
134
-
total
75
-
581
-
Employer
374
-
1 704
-
other
13
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
unemployment
15
-
69
-
pensions
61
-
223
-
health
26
-
176
-
total
116
-
546
-
Corporate
1 759
2 250
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
493
630
-
-
total
493
630
-
-
Dividends
1 267
1 620
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
218
279
-
-
withholding
162
207
-
-
total
380
486
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 064
1 116
1 127
1 044
After tax
1 186
1 134
1 123
1 206
Living cost
299
299
299
299
Free-cash
887
835
824
907

Estimated living cost  is £299 per week

£189
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£865
£913
£937
£854
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
459
pensions
-
-
-
334
other
-
-
-
70
health
-
-
-
117
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
64
total
-
-
-
1 044
Employee
334
-
1 704
-
social contributions
10
-
49
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
17
-
398
-
pensions
38
-
134
-
total
65
-
581
-
Employer
334
-
1 704
-
other
12
-
73
-
social contributions
1
-
5
-
unemployment
14
-
69
-
pensions
55
-
223
-
health
23
-
176
-
total
105
-
546
-
Corporate
1 812
2 250
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
507
630
-
-
total
507
630
-
-
Dividends
1 304
1 620
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
224
279
-
-
withholding
167
207
-
-
total
391
486
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 068
1 116
1 127
1 044
After tax
1 182
1 134
1 123
1 206
Living cost
269
269
269
269
Free-cash
913
865
854
937

Estimated living cost  is £269 per week

£156
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£1187
£1192
£1259
£1192
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
338
health
-
-
-
157
social contributions
-
-
-
311
total
-
-
-
806
Employee
296
-
2 250
-
social contributions
41
-
311
-
health
21
-
157
-
income
49
-
405
-
total
111
-
873
-
Employer
296
-
2 250
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 954
2 250
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

98
113
-
-
total
98
113
-
-
Dividends
1 856
2 137
-
-
health
130
149
-
-
social contributions
256
295
-
-
withholding
278
321
-
-
total
664
765
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
873
878
873
806
After tax
1 377
1 372
1 377
1 444
Living cost
185
185
185
185
Free-cash
1 192
1 187
1 192
1 259

Estimated living cost  is £185 per week

£124
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£46
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£931
£915
£839
£273
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
9
income
-
-
-
771
pensions
-
-
-
189
unemployment
-
-
-
54
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
2
total
-
-
-
1 103
Employee
437
348
1 891
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
17
13
40
-
income
50
26
659
-
pensions
45
36
105
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
total
129
88
845
-
Employer
437
348
1 891
-
accident
6
5
13
-
other
21
17
82
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
unemployment
13
10
31
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
pensions
55
44
128
-
payroll
13
10
57
-
health
17
13
39
-
total
129
102
360
-
Corporate
1 686
1 800
1 858
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

421
450
464
-
total
421
450
464
-
Dividends
1 264
1 350
-
-
withholding
348
371
-
-
total
348
371
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 027
1 011
1 669
1 103
After tax
1 223
1 239
581
1 147
Living cost
308
308
308
308
Free-cash
915
931
273
839

Estimated living cost  is £308 per week

£205
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£900
£808
£661
£433
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
national
-
-
-
930
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
122
social contributions
-
-
-
218
total
-
-
-
1 270
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

625
-
1 743
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

33
-
91
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
82
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

47
-
131
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
15
-
national
192
-
672
-
total
306
-
991
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

625
-
1 743
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
23
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
25
-
surtax
71
-
198
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

55
-
154
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

38
-
107
-
total
181
-
507
-
Corporate
1 443
2 250
-
-
surtax
6
10
-
-
income
289
503
-
-
total
295
513
-
-
Dividends
1 148
1 737
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

341
518
-
-
total
341
518
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 123
1 031
1 498
1 270
After tax
1 127
1 219
752
980
Living cost
319
319
319
319
Free-cash
808
900
433
661

Estimated living cost  is £319 per week

£205
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£1175
£1116
£939
£902
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
752
pensions
-
-
-
229
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
995
Employee
435
-
1 992
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
92
-
722
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
total
119
-
774
-
Employer
435
-
1 992
-
accident
9
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
24
-
45
-
pensions
103
-
191
-
total
139
-
258
-
Corporate
1 676
2 250
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

251
338
-
-
total
251
338
-
-
Dividends
1 425
1 912
-
-
withholding
309
421
-
-
total
309
421
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
818
759
1 032
995
After tax
1 432
1 491
1 218
1 255
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
1 116
1 175
902
939

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£232
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£773
£654
£582
£647
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
17
income
-
-
-
465
pensions
-
-
-
310
health
-
-
-
145
surtax
-
-
-
114
communal
-
-
-
142
total
-
-
-
1 193
Employee
662
-
2 010
-
health
29
-
89
-
surtax
41
-
123
-
income
64
-
515
-
pensions
53
-
161
-
total
187
-
888
-
Employer
662
-
2 010
-
accident
6
-
18
-
pensions
53
-
161
-
health
20
-
61
-
total
79
-
240
-
Corporate
1 509
2 250
-
-
surtax
16
24
-
-
communal
102
152
-
-
income
226
338
-
-
total
344
514
-
-
Dividends
1 165
1 737
-
-
income
336
227
-
-
withholding
175
261
-
-
total
511
488
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 121
1 002
1 128
1 193
After tax
1 129
1 248
1 122
1 057
Living cost
475
475
475
475
Free-cash
654
773
647
582

Estimated living cost  is £475 per week

£356
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£29
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£85
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£1219
£1193
£859
£806
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
747
pensions
-
-
-
233
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
83
surtax
-
-
-
130
total
-
-
-
1 195
Employee
294
-
2 004
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
8
-
30
-
surtax
1
-
119
-
income
49
-
694
-
pensions
20
-
78
-
unemployment
20
-
81
-
total
98
-
1 002
-
Employer
294
-
2 004
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
37
-
pensions
39
-
156
-
health
13
-
53
-
total
61
-
246
-
Corporate
1 894
2 250
-
-
income
492
585
-
-
total
492
585
-
-
Dividends
1 401
1 665
-
-
withholding
210
250
-
-
total
210
250
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
861
835
1 248
1 195
After tax
1 389
1 415
1 002
1 055
Living cost
196
196
196
196
Free-cash
1 193
1 219
806
859

Estimated living cost  is £196 per week

£119
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£947
£926
£860
£786
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
14
regional
-
-
-
37
national
-
-
-
666
social contributions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 155
Employee
485
-
2 250
-
social contributions
164
-
574
-
regional
7
-
34
-
municipal
3
-
13
-
national
77
-
608
-
total
251
-
1 229
-
Employer
485
-
2 250
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 765
2 250
-
-
nationa
424
540
-
-
municipal
88
112
-
-
total
512
652
-
-
Dividends
1 254
1 598
-
-
withholding
326
416
-
-
total
326
416
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 089
1 068
1 229
1 155
After tax
1 161
1 182
1 021
1 095
Living cost
235
235
235
235
Free-cash
926
947
786
860

Estimated living cost  is £235 per week

£146
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£1292
£1199
£1097
£994
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
247
health
-
-
-
304
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
43
social contributions
-
-
-
301
total
-
-
-
895
Employee
379
-
1 828
-
social contributions
25
-
67
-
health
51
-
247
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
34
-
income
45
-
227
-
total
121
-
575
-
Employer
379
-
1 828
-
social contributions
95
-
258
-
health
34
-
165
-
total
129
-
423
-
Corporate
1 742
2 250
-
-
income
331
427
-
-
total
331
427
-
-
Dividends
1 411
1 823
-
-
withholding
212
273
-
-
total
212
273
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
793
700
998
895
After tax
1 457
1 550
1 252
1 355
Living cost
258
258
258
258
Free-cash
1 199
1 292
994
1 097

Estimated living cost  is £258 per week

£192
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£14
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£961
£957
£870
£302
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
9
income
-
-
-
771
pensions
-
-
-
189
unemployment
-
-
-
54
health
-
-
-
78
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
1 101
Employee
382
348
1 893
-
other
4
3
10
-
health
15
13
40
-
income
34
26
660
-
pensions
39
36
105
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
total
103
88
846
-
Employer
382
348
1 893
-
accident
5
5
13
-
other
18
17
82
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
8
-
unemployment
11
10
31
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
48
44
128
-
payroll
11
10
57
-
health
14
13
39
-
total
109
100
358
-
Corporate
1 758
1 801
1 859
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

439
450
465
-
total
439
450
465
-
Dividends
1 318
1 351
-
-
withholding
363
372
-
-
total
363
372
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 014
1 010
1 669
1 101
After tax
1 236
1 240
581
1 149
Living cost
279
279
279
279
Free-cash
957
961
302
870

Estimated living cost  is £279 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£2014
£1991
£2104
£1677
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
2 250
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
23
total
-
-
-
23
Employee
154
-
2 250
-
income
31
-
450
-
total
31
-
450
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

2 096
2 250
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
2 096
2 250
-
-
withholding
105
113
-
-
total
105
113
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
136
113
450
23
After tax
2 114
2 137
1 800
2 227
Living cost
123
123
123
123
Free-cash
1 991
2 014
1 677
2 104

Estimated living cost  is £123 per week

£84
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£31
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£1315
£1241
£781
£731
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
600
pensions
-
-
-
411
unemployment
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
221
total
-
-
-
1 235
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

387
-
1 947
-
health
25
-
126
-
income
67
-
551
-
pensions
60
-
302
-
unemployment
1
-
3
-
total
153
-
982
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

387
-
1 947
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
34
-
172
-
health
26
-
130
-
total
60
-
303
-
Corporate
1 803
2 250
-
-
income
343
428
-
-
total
343
428
-
-
Dividends
1 461
1 822
-
-
withholding
219
273
-
-
total
219
273
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
775
701
1 285
1 235
After tax
1 475
1 549
965
1 015
Living cost
234
234
234
234
Free-cash
1 241
1 315
731
781

Estimated living cost  is £234 per week

£161
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£54
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£990
£571
£1175
£1756
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
439
social contributions
-
-
-
257
total
-
-
-
696
Employee
544
-
-
-
social contributions
45
-
6
-
income
120
-
-
-
total
165
-
6
-
Employer
544
-
-
-
social contributions
767
-
109
-
total
767
-
109
-
Corporate
940
2 250
-
-
income
207
495
-
-
total
207
495
-
-
Dividends
733
1 755
-
-
income
161
386
-
-
total
161
386
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 300
881
115
696
After tax
950
1 369
2 135
1 554
Living cost
379
379
379
379
Free-cash
571
990
1 756
1 175

Estimated living cost  is £379 per week

£246
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£93
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£1006
£997
£885
£699
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
309
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
782
total
-
-
-
1 091
Employee
402
-
1 818
-
social contributions
44
-
200
-
surtax
-
-
7
-
income
84
-
638
-
total
128
-
845
-
Employer
402
-
1 818
-
social contributions
95
-
432
-
total
95
-
432
-
Corporate
1 752
2 250
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
368
472
-
-
total
368
472
-
-
Dividends
1 384
1 778
-
-
withholding
388
498
-
-
total
388
498
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
979
970
1 277
1 091
After tax
1 271
1 280
973
1 159
Living cost
274
274
274
274
Free-cash
997
1 006
699
885

Estimated living cost  is £274 per week

£205
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£712
£771
£784
£701
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
459
pensions
-
-
-
334
other
-
-
-
70
health
-
-
-
117
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
64
total
-
-
-
1 044
Employee
548
-
1 704
-
social contributions
16
-
49
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
48
-
398
-
pensions
62
-
134
-
total
126
-
581
-
Employer
548
-
1 704
-
other
19
-
73
-
social contributions
2
-
5
-
unemployment
22
-
69
-
pensions
90
-
223
-
health
38
-
176
-
total
171
-
546
-
Corporate
1 531
2 250
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
429
630
-
-
total
429
630
-
-
Dividends
1 103
1 620
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
190
279
-
-
withholding
141
207
-
-
total
331
486
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 057
1 116
1 127
1 044
After tax
1 193
1 134
1 123
1 206
Living cost
422
422
422
422
Free-cash
771
712
701
784

Estimated living cost  is £422 per week

£286
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£96
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£1762
£1732
£1370
£1429
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
122
social contributions
-
-
-
495
total
-
-
-
617
Employee
281
-
1 948
-
income
-
-
129
-
social contributions
18
-
127
-
total
18
-
256
-
Employer
281
-
1 948
-
social contributions
44
-
302
-
total
44
-
302
-
Corporate
1 925
2 250
-
-
income
193
225
-
-
total
193
225
-
-
Dividends
1 733
2 025
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
255
225
558
617
After tax
1 995
2 025
1 692
1 633
Living cost
263
263
263
263
Free-cash
1 732
1 762
1 429
1 370

Estimated living cost  is £263 per week

£170
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
£346
£175
£865
£346
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
490
pensions
-
-
-
8
national
-
-
-
287
labour market
-
-
-
179
total
-
-
-
964
Employee
1 777
1 777
1 777
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
national
217
217
217
-
municipal
378
378
378
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
total
740
740
740
-
Employer
1 777
1 777
1 777
-
labour market
142
142
142
-
municipal
379
379
379
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
national
217
217
217
-
total
743
743
743
-
Corporate
345
-
-
-
income
76
-
-
-
total
76
-
-
-
Dividends
269
-
-
-
withholding
95
-
-
-
total
95
-
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 654
1 483
1 483
964
After tax
596
767
767
1 286
Living cost
421
421
421
421
Free-cash
175
346
346
865

Estimated living cost  is £421 per week

£288
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£89
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
-£7
£154
£1347
£1057
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
654
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
714
Employee
297
-
2 069
-
health
34
-
237
-
income
41
-
518
-
pensions
33
-
67
-
total
108
-
822
-
Employer
297
-
2 069
-
accident
5
-
35
-
unemployment
7
-
51
-
pensions
48
-
96
-
total
60
-
182
-
Corporate
1 892
2 250
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 703
2 025
-
-
total
1 703
2 025
-
-
Dividends
189
225
-
-
withholding
36
43
-
-
total
36
43
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 907
2 068
1 004
714
After tax
343
182
1 246
1 536
Living cost
189
189
189
189
Free-cash
154
-7
1 057
1 347

Estimated living cost  is £189 per week

£138
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£37
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£1021
£1056
£1012
£755
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
399
health
-
-
-
31
national
-
-
-
472
total
-
-
-
902
Employee
460
-
1 893
-
health
3
-
25
-
municipal
75
-
308
-
pensions
31
-
128
-
unemployment
7
-
28
-
national
8
-
313
-
total
124
-
802
-
Employer
460
-
1 893
-
accident
-
-
2
-
unemployment
3
-
12
-
pensions
80
-
328
-
health
4
-
15
-
total
87
-
357
-
Corporate
1 703
2 250
-
-
income
341
450
-
-
total
341
450
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

1 022
1 350
-
-
national
122
200
-
-
municipal
184
243
-
-
total
306
443
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
858
893
1 159
902
After tax
1 392
1 357
1 091
1 348
Living cost
336
336
336
336
Free-cash
1 056
1 021
755
1 012

Estimated living cost  is £336 per week

£219
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£79
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£1437
£1390
£1301
£1284
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
549
health
-
-
-
57
social contributions
-
-
-
141
total
-
-
-
747
Employee
672
672
2 135
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
health
5
11
36
-
income
73
62
539
-
total
103
129
650
-
Employer
672
672
2 135
-
social contributions
25
56
75
-
health
6
12
39
-
total
31
68
114
-
Corporate
1 913
1 510
-
-
income
239
189
-
-
total
239
189
-
-
Dividends
1 674
1 321
-
-
withholding
285
225
-
-
total
285
225
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
658
611
764
747
After tax
1 592
1 639
1 486
1 503
Living cost
202
202
202
202
Free-cash
1 390
1 437
1 284
1 301

Estimated living cost  is £202 per week

£121
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£57
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£1724
£1679
£1788
£1613
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
235
pensions
-
-
-
56
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
32
total
-
-
-
323
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

201
-
2 165
-
health
17
-
71
-
income
14
-
213
-
pensions
30
-
124
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
62
-
412
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

201
-
2 165
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
11
-
46
-
health
9
-
36
-
total
21
-
86
-
Corporate
2 029
2 250
-
-
income
183
203
-
-
total
183
203
-
-
Dividends
1 846
2 047
-
-
withholding
166
184
-
-
total
166
184
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
432
387
498
323
After tax
1 818
1 863
1 752
1 927
Living cost
139
139
139
139
Free-cash
1 679
1 724
1 613
1 788

Estimated living cost  is £139 per week

£89
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£1251
£1213
£1015
£978
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
752
pensions
-
-
-
229
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
995
Employee
323
-
1 992
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
62
-
722
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
unemployment
5
-
13
-
total
82
-
774
-
Employer
323
-
1 992
-
accident
6
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
18
-
45
-
pensions
76
-
191
-
total
103
-
258
-
Corporate
1 824
2 250
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

274
338
-
-
total
274
338
-
-
Dividends
1 550
1 912
-
-
withholding
338
421
-
-
total
338
421
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
797
759
1 032
995
After tax
1 453
1 491
1 218
1 255
Living cost
240
240
240
240
Free-cash
1 213
1 251
978
1 015

Estimated living cost  is £240 per week

£162
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£51
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£1380
£1377
£1425
£1422
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
771
pensions
-
-
-
17
health
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
801
Employee
36
-
2 230
-
health
2
-
4
-
income
7
-
771
-
pensions
3
-
8
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
12
-
784
-
Employer
36
-
2 230
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions
4
-
10
-
health
3
-
8
-
total
8
-
20
-
Corporate
2 205
2 250
-
-
income
485
495
-
-
total
485
495
-
-
Dividends
1 720
1 755
-
-
withholding
344
351
-
-
total
344
351
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
849
846
804
801
After tax
1 401
1 404
1 446
1 449
Living cost
24
24
24
24
Free-cash
1 377
1 380
1 422
1 425

Estimated living cost  is £24 per week

£14
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£2
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£1
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£7
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£1475
£1431
£1328
£1329
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
526
pensions
-
-
-
168
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
67
total
-
-
-
771
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

228
-
2 134
-
health
12
-
33
-
income
31
-
526
-
pensions
32
-
90
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
77
-
654
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

228
-
2 134
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
27
-
78
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
41
-
116
-
Corporate
1 981
2 250
-
-
income
297
337
-
-
total
297
337
-
-
Dividends
1 684
1 913
-
-
withholding
253
287
-
-
total
253
287
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
668
624
770
771
After tax
1 582
1 626
1 480
1 479
Living cost
151
151
151
151
Free-cash
1 431
1 475
1 329
1 328

Estimated living cost  is £151 per week

£102
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£1044
£1041
£923
£737
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
309
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
782
total
-
-
-
1 091
Employee
339
-
1 818
-
social contributions
37
-
200
-
surtax
-
-
7
-
income
66
-
638
-
total
103
-
845
-
Employer
339
-
1 818
-
social contributions
81
-
432
-
total
81
-
432
-
Corporate
1 830
2 250
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
384
472
-
-
total
384
472
-
-
Dividends
1 446
1 778
-
-
withholding
405
498
-
-
total
405
498
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
973
970
1 277
1 091
After tax
1 277
1 280
973
1 159
Living cost
236
236
236
236
Free-cash
1 041
1 044
737
923

Estimated living cost  is £236 per week

£167
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£1184
£1128
£948
£911
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
752
pensions
-
-
-
229
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
995
Employee
422
-
1 992
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
88
-
722
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
13
-
total
115
-
774
-
Employer
422
-
1 992
-
accident
8
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
23
-
45
-
pensions
100
-
191
-
total
134
-
258
-
Corporate
1 693
2 250
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

254
338
-
-
total
254
338
-
-
Dividends
1 439
1 912
-
-
withholding
312
421
-
-
total
312
421
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
815
759
1 032
995
After tax
1 435
1 491
1 218
1 255
Living cost
307
307
307
307
Free-cash
1 128
1 184
911
948

Estimated living cost  is £307 per week

£221
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£1774
£1721
£1681
£1777
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
338
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
419
Employee
199
-
2 190
-
health
9
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
20
-
219
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
27
-
total
48
-
263
-
Employer
199
-
2 190
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
34
-
health
14
-
21
-
total
39
-
60
-
Corporate
2 012
2 250
-
-
income
201
225
-
-
total
201
225
-
-
Dividends
1 811
2 025
-
-
withholding
91
101
-
-
total
91
101
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
379
326
323
419
After tax
1 871
1 924
1 927
1 831
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
1 721
1 774
1 777
1 681

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£99
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£818
£933
£771
£1035
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
2 250
trade
-
-
-
265
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
774
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
60
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
43
total
-
-
-
1 142
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

435
-
2 250
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

60
-
60
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
43
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

36
-
774
-
total
98
-
877
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 815
2 250
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

15
19
-
-
income
272
338
-
-
trade
260
323
-
-
chamber of commerce
4
5
-
-
total
551
685
-
-
Dividends
1 263
1 566
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

17
21
-
-
withholding
313
388
-
-
total
330
409
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
979
1 094
877
1 142
After tax
1 271
1 156
1 373
1 108
Living cost
338
338
338
338
Free-cash
933
818
1 035
771

Estimated living cost  is £338 per week

£233
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£1077
£1096
£604
£604
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
756
social contributions
-
-
-
392
total
-
-
-
1 148
Employee
684
-
2 250
-
income
129
-
756
-
social contributions
57
-
392
-
total
186
-
1 148
-
Employer
684
-
2 250
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 566
2 250
-
-
income
196
281
-
-
total
196
281
-
-
Dividends
1 370
1 969
-
-
withholding
274
394
-
-
total
274
394
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
656
675
1 148
1 148
After tax
1 594
1 575
1 102
1 102
Living cost
498
498
498
498
Free-cash
1 096
1 077
604
604

Estimated living cost  is £498 per week

£379
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£1099
£1130
£1536
£1240
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
338
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
59
total
-
-
-
397
Employee
401
-
2 210
-
income
44
-
613
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
84
-
653
-
Employer
401
-
2 210
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
1 809
2 250
-
-
income
633
788
-
-
total
633
788
-
-
Dividends
1 176
1 462
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
803
834
693
397
After tax
1 447
1 416
1 557
1 853
Living cost
317
317
317
317
Free-cash
1 130
1 099
1 240
1 536

Estimated living cost  is £317 per week

£209
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£1072
£1124
£1114
£914
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
income
-
-
-
719
pensions
-
-
-
93
total
-
-
-
812
Employee
445
-
1 959
-
health
6
-
26
-
income
81
-
586
-
pensions
34
-
109
-
total
121
-
721
-
Employer
445
-
1 959
-
pensions
45
-
254
-
health
8
-
37
-
total
53
-
291
-
Corporate
1 751
2 250
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

333
428
-
-
total
333
428
-
-
Dividends
1 419
1 822
-
-
withholding
295
426
-
-
total
295
426
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
802
854
1 012
812
After tax
1 448
1 396
1 238
1 438
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
1 124
1 072
914
1 114

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£26
£151
£1328
£1038
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
654
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
714
Employee
327
-
2 069
-
health
37
-
237
-
income
45
-
518
-
pensions
37
-
67
-
total
119
-
822
-
Employer
327
-
2 069
-
accident
5
-
35
-
unemployment
8
-
51
-
pensions
53
-
96
-
total
66
-
182
-
Corporate
1 857
2 250
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

1 671
2 025
-
-
total
1 671
2 025
-
-
Dividends
186
225
-
-
withholding
35
43
-
-
total
35
43
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 891
2 068
1 004
714
After tax
359
182
1 246
1 536
Living cost
208
208
208
208
Free-cash
151
-26
1 038
1 328

Estimated living cost  is £208 per week

£152
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£39
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

Close
Skopje , Macedonia
£1603
£1577
£1366
£1558
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
2 250
work injury
-
-
-
7
health insurance
-
-
-
103
income
-
-
-
382
pensions
-
-
-
257
unemployment
-
-
-
17
total
-
-
-
766
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

189
-
2 250
-
work injury
1
-
3
-
income
19
-
382
-
pensions
35
-
129
-
health insurance
14
-
52
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
total
71
-
574
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
2 061
2 250
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

206
225
-
-
total
206
225
-
-
Dividends
1 855
2 025
-
-
withholding
278
304
-
-
total
278
304
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
555
529
574
766
After tax
1 695
1 721
1 676
1 484
Living cost
118
118
118
118
Free-cash
1 577
1 603
1 558
1 366

Estimated living cost  is £118 per week

£73
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£838
£799
£725
£652
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
2 250
municipal
-
-
-
16
regional
-
-
-
57
national
-
-
-
666
social contributions
-
-
-
438
total
-
-
-
1 177
Employee
737
-
2 250
-
social contributions
248
-
574
-
regional
11
-
53
-
municipal
4
-
15
-
national
124
-
608
-
total
387
-
1 250
-
Employer
737
-
2 250
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 513
2 250
-
-
nationa
363
540
-
-
municipal
73
108
-
-
total
436
648
-
-
Dividends
1 077
1 602
-
-
withholding
280
416
-
-
total
280
416
-
-
Income
2 250
2 250
2 250
2 250
Total tax
1 103
1 064
1 250
1 177
After tax
1 147
1 186
1 000
1 073
Living cost
348
348
348
348
Free-cash
799
838
652
725

Estimated living cost  is £348 per week

£245
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

Close
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