Enter your average income below to estimate applicable free-cash in all major European cities. By free-cash we mean your disposable income, left in your pocket after paying tax, rent, insurance, public transport, food expenses and basic entertainment. How does it work?

average income is
£ 1200
per

Your estimated
City
free-cash

Dresden , Germany
£344
£439
£400
£526
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
1 200
trade
-
-
-
126
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
335
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
18
total
-
-
-
538
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

331
-
1 200
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

1
-
18
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

9
-
335
-
total
69
-
412
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
869
1 200
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

7
10
-
-
income
130
180
-
-
trade
137
189
-
-
chamber of commerce
3
3
-
-
total
277
382
-
-
Dividends
592
818
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

8
11
-
-
withholding
145
201
-
-
total
153
212
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
499
594
412
538
After tax
701
606
788
662
Living cost
262
262
262
262
Free-cash
439
344
526
400

Estimated living cost  is £262 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£31
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Dresden model

Close
Reykjavik , Iceland
£313
£306
£278
£288
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
129
pensions
-
-
-
144
national
-
-
-
200
social contributions
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
486
Employee
676
-
1 037
-
municipal
83
-
134
-
pensions
27
-
41
-
national
129
-
207
-
total
239
-
382
-
Employer
676
-
1 037
-
social contributions
7
-
11
-
pensions
54
-
83
-
total
61
-
94
-
Corporate
418
1 200
-
-
income

Corporate income tax will depend on a type of legal entity. For LLC and Limited Partnership it is set at 20%. All other entities pay 37.6%.

84
240
-
-
total
84
240
-
-
Dividends
335
960
-
-
withholding
74
211
-
-
total
74
211
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
458
451
476
486
After tax
742
749
724
714
Living cost
436
436
436
436
Free-cash
306
313
288
278

Estimated living cost  is £436 per week

£296
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£41
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£7
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£93
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

It is very difficult to get a residence permit on a basis of self-employment for a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit). EU/EFTA nationals and long-term EU resident permit holders can register self-employed and apply for a permanent residence.

Source of data for Reykjavik model

Close
Riga , Latvia
£780
£709
£192
£493
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

As of 1 January, 2018 a microenterprise tax rate for microenterprise turnover of up to €40,000 is 15%. This tax is inclusive of all other taxes and contributions.

Microenterprise tax could also be applied to a company but as the only exception is a limitation of liability, we advise to register as a sole-trader.

-
-
-
1 200
microenterprise
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
190
surtax
-
-
-
306
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

-
-
-
332
total
-
-
-
828
Employee
253
-
967
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

28
-
106
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
45
-
188
-
total
73
-
294
-
Employer
253
-
967
-
social contributions

Each person younger than 30 on 1 July, 2001 should make pension contributions to an old-age pension account. We include it in our internal model.

61
-
233
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
61
-
233
-
Corporate
886
1 200
-
-
income

Corporate income tax rate is 20% applicable to the taxable base. However, before applying the statutory rate, the taxable base should be divided by a coefficient of 0.8. As taxable base is increased by the coefficient, the effective corporate income tax rate is 25%.

177
240
-
-
total
177
240
-
-
Dividends

In Latvia, local dividends are not subject to withholding tax.

709
960
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
311
240
527
828
After tax
889
960
673
372
Living cost
180
180
180
180
Free-cash
709
780
493
192

Estimated living cost  is £180 per week

£115
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£44
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Riga model

Close
Rotterdam , Netherlands
£228
£175
£323
£347
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
307
pensions
-
-
-
101
health
-
-
-
107
total
-
-
-
515
Employee
739
739
1 039
-
health
113
96
107
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

121
121
121
-
pensions
133
101
101
-
total
367
318
329
-
Employer
739
739
1 039
-
unemployment
27
27
33
-
pensions
51
51
64
-
health
51
51
64
-
total
129
129
161
-
Corporate
341
332
-
-
income
68
66
-
-
total
68
66
-
-
Dividends
273
265
-
-
income
58
56
-
-
withholding
41
40
-
-
total
99
96
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
663
609
490
515
After tax
537
591
710
685
Living cost
362
362
362
362
Free-cash
175
228
347
323

Estimated living cost  is £362 per week

£257
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£67
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rotterdam model

Close
Stockholm , Sweden
£321
£313
£299
£292
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
295
accident
-
-
-
1
pensions
-
-
-
79
other
-
-
-
85
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
46
national
-
-
-
61
total
-
-
-
568
Employee
475
-
970
-
municipal
142
-
289
-
national
-
-
56
-
total
142
-
345
-
Employer
475
-
970
-
accident
1
-
1
-
other
55
-
85
-
unemployment
13
-
19
-
pensions
51
-
79
-
health
29
-
45
-
total
149
-
229
-
Corporate
575
1 200
-
-
income
127
264
-
-
total
127
264
-
-
Dividends
449
936
-
-
withholding
135
281
-
-
total
135
281
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
553
545
574
568
After tax
647
655
626
632
Living cost
333
333
333
333
Free-cash
313
321
292
299

Estimated living cost  is £333 per week

£221
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£33
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£75
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Stockholm model

Close
Hamburg , Germany
£260
£382
£317
£448
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
1 200
trade
-
-
-
131
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
335
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
18
total
-
-
-
543
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

439
-
1 200
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
18
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

38
-
335
-
total
99
-
412
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
761
1 200
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

6
10
-
-
income
114
180
-
-
trade
125
197
-
-
chamber of commerce
2
3
-
-
total
247
390
-
-
Dividends
513
810
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

7
11
-
-
withholding
125
199
-
-
total
132
210
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
478
600
412
543
After tax
722
600
788
657
Living cost
340
340
340
340
Free-cash
382
260
448
317

Estimated living cost  is £340 per week

£227
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£72
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Hamburg model

Close
Limassol , Cyprus
£597
£560
£555
£545
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
193
health
-
-
-
31
social contributions
-
-
-
140
total
-
-
-
364
Employee
665
665
1 105
-
social contributions
32
55
74
-
health
7
11
19
-
income
70
62
187
-
total
109
128
280
-
Employer
665
665
1 105
-
social contributions
32
55
74
-
health
7
12
20
-
total
39
67
94
-
Corporate
771
467
-
-
income
96
58
-
-
total
96
58
-
-
Dividends
675
409
-
-
withholding
115
69
-
-
total
115
69
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
359
322
374
364
After tax
841
878
826
836
Living cost
281
281
281
281
Free-cash
560
597
545
555

Estimated living cost  is £281 per week

£192
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£62
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Limassol model

Close
Budapest , Hungary
£517
£520
£673
£538
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
147
pensions
-
-
-
120
unemployment
-
-
-
18
health
-
-
-
84
total
-
-
-
369
Employee

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

227
91
1 004
-
health
16
6
70
-
income
28
11
123
-
pensions
23
9
100
-
unemployment
3
1
15
-
total
70
27
308
-
Employer

As of 2018, the minimum salary of a managing director was set at 180,500 HUF per month.

The minimum wage is 138,000 HUF per month.

227
91
1 004
-
pensions
44
18
196
-
total
44
18
196
-
Corporate
928
1 092
-
-
income
84
98
-
-
total
84
98
-
-
Dividends
845
994
-
-
social contributions
164
193
-
-
withholding
160
189
-
-
total
324
382
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
522
525
504
369
After tax
678
675
696
831
Living cost
158
158
158
158
Free-cash
520
517
538
673

Estimated living cost  is £158 per week

£108
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£13
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£34
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Budapest model

Close
Tallinn , Estonia
£751
£697
£434
£483
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
161
pensions
-
-
-
240
health
-
-
-
156
total
-
-
-
557
Employee
245
-
897
-
income
28
-
173
-
pensions
5
-
18
-
unemployment
4
-
14
-
total
37
-
205
-
Employer
245
-
897
-
unemployment
2
-
7
-
pensions
49
-
179
-
health
32
-
117
-
total
83
-
303
-
Corporate
872
1 200
-
-
income
174
240
-
-
total
174
240
-
-
Dividends
697
960
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
294
240
508
557
After tax
906
960
692
643
Living cost
209
209
209
209
Free-cash
697
751
483
434

Estimated living cost  is £209 per week

£143
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£49
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Tallinn model

Close
Gdansk , Poland
-£92
£69
£632
£453
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
319
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
297
-
1 062
-
health
34
-
122
-
income
41
-
234
-
pensions
33
-
65
-
total
108
-
421
-
Employer
297
-
1 062
-
accident
5
-
18
-
unemployment
7
-
26
-
pensions
48
-
94
-
total
60
-
138
-
Corporate
843
1 200
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

759
1 080
-
-
total
759
1 080
-
-
Dividends
84
120
-
-
withholding
16
23
-
-
total
16
23
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
943
1 103
559
379
After tax
257
97
641
821
Living cost
188
188
188
188
Free-cash
69
-92
453
632

Estimated living cost  is £188 per week

£138
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Gdansk model

Close
Batumi , Georgia
£1061
£1046
£1109
£881
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
1 200
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
12
total
-
-
-
12
Employee
99
-
1 200
-
income
20
-
240
-
total
20
-
240
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

1 101
1 200
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
1 101
1 200
-
-
withholding
55
60
-
-
total
55
60
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
75
60
240
12
After tax
1 125
1 140
960
1 188
Living cost
79
79
79
79
Free-cash
1 046
1 061
881
1 109

Estimated living cost  is £79 per week

£49
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£7
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£2
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£21
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Batumi model

Close
Bratislava , Slovakia
£651
£593
£407
£457
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
164
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

-
-
-
288
other
-
-
-
57
health
-
-
-
53
total
-
-
-
562
Employee
314
-
958
-
health
4
-
13
-
income
54
-
180
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

22
-
67
-
unemployment
3
-
10
-
total
83
-
270
-
Employer
314
-
958
-
accident
3
-
8
-
other
16
-
48
-
unemployment
3
-
10
-
pensions

Participation in the individual account program is voluntary (6% of an income). The decision to contribute to an individual account must be made before the age of 35 and cannot be reversed.

53
-
163
-
health
4
-
13
-
total
79
-
242
-
Corporate
807
1 200
-
-
income
169
252
-
-
total
169
252
-
-
Dividends
637
948
-
-
withholding
45
66
-
-
total
45
66
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
376
318
512
562
After tax
824
882
688
638
Living cost
231
231
231
231
Free-cash
593
651
457
407

Estimated living cost  is £231 per week

£163
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Bratislava model

Close
London , United Kingdom
£238
£193
£237
£126
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
307
pensions
-
-
-
72
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
826
-
1 051
-
health
14
-
17
-
income
149
-
233
-
pensions
80
-
91
-
total
243
-
341
-
Employer
826
-
1 051
-
pensions
98
-
129
-
health
16
-
20
-
total
114
-
149
-
Corporate
260
1 200
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

50
228
-
-
total
50
228
-
-
Dividends
211
972
-
-
withholding
16
150
-
-
total
16
150
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
423
378
490
379
After tax
777
822
710
821
Living cost
584
584
584
584
Free-cash
193
238
126
237

Estimated living cost  is £584 per week

£438
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£69
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for London model

Close
Varna , Bulgaria
£912
£871
£825
£869
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
180
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
261
Employee
150
-
1 141
-
health
7
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
15
-
114
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

13
-
27
-
total
37
-
158
-
Employer
150
-
1 141
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
33
-
health
10
-
21
-
total
30
-
59
-
Corporate
1 020
1 200
-
-
income
102
120
-
-
total
102
120
-
-
Dividends
918
1 080
-
-
withholding
46
54
-
-
total
46
54
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
215
174
217
261
After tax
985
1 026
983
939
Living cost
114
114
114
114
Free-cash
871
912
869
825

Estimated living cost  is £114 per week

£66
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Varna model

Close
Amsterdam , Netherlands
£111
£131
£205
£230
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
307
pensions
-
-
-
101
health
-
-
-
107
total
-
-
-
515
Employee
802
739
1 039
-
health
100
96
107
-
income

It is possible to apply for a 30% ruling (tax reduction) for salaries over €37,000 per annum.

121
121
121
-
pensions
101
101
101
-
total
322
318
329
-
Employer
802
739
1 039
-
unemployment
29
27
33
-
pensions
56
51
64
-
health
56
51
64
-
total
141
129
161
-
Corporate
257
332
-
-
income
51
66
-
-
total
51
66
-
-
Dividends
206
265
-
-
income
44
56
-
-
withholding
31
40
-
-
total
75
96
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
589
609
490
515
After tax
611
591
710
685
Living cost
480
480
480
480
Free-cash
131
111
230
205

Estimated living cost  is £480 per week

£354
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£43
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Amsterdam model

Close
Brno , Czech Republic
£619
£546
£421
£402
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
111
health
-
-
-
162
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
299
total
-
-
-
572
Employee
305
-
896
-
social contributions
20
-
58
-
health
41
-
121
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
-
income
37
-
107
-
total
98
-
286
-
Employer
305
-
896
-
social contributions
76
-
224
-
health
27
-
81
-
total
103
-
305
-
Corporate
791
1 200
-
-
income
150
228
-
-
total
150
228
-
-
Dividends
641
972
-
-
withholding
96
146
-
-
total
96
146
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
447
374
591
572
After tax
753
826
609
628
Living cost
207
207
207
207
Free-cash
546
619
402
421

Estimated living cost  is £207 per week

£144
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brno model

Close
Milan , Italy
£275
£231
£227
£170
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
7
regional
-
-
-
14
national
-
-
-
278
social contributions
-
-
-
309
total
-
-
-
608
Employee
769
-
1 200
-
social contributions
259
-
405
-
regional
7
-
12
-
municipal
4
-
6
-
national
133
-
242
-
total
403
-
665
-
Employer
769
-
1 200
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
431
1 200
-
-
nationa
103
288
-
-
municipal
17
47
-
-
total
120
335
-
-
Dividends
311
865
-
-
withholding
81
225
-
-
total
81
225
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
604
560
665
608
After tax
596
640
535
592
Living cost
365
365
365
365
Free-cash
231
275
170
227

Estimated living cost  is £365 per week

£255
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£81
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Milan model

Close
Thessaloniki , Greece
£564
£537
£378
£354
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
277
pensions
-
-
-
231
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
39
total
-
-
-
631
Employee
286
-
991
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
7
-
25
-
surtax
1
-
35
-
income
48
-
252
-
pensions
19
-
66
-
unemployment
20
-
69
-
total
95
-
447
-
Employer
286
-
991
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
31
-
pensions
38
-
132
-
health
13
-
45
-
total
60
-
208
-
Corporate
854
1 200
-
-
income
222
312
-
-
total
222
312
-
-
Dividends
632
888
-
-
withholding
95
133
-
-
total
95
133
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
472
445
655
631
After tax
728
755
545
569
Living cost
191
191
191
191
Free-cash
537
564
354
378

Estimated living cost  is £191 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£18
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£52
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Thessaloniki model

Close
Cambridge , United Kingdom
£423
£431
£422
£311
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
307
pensions
-
-
-
72
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
554
-
1 051
-
health
8
-
17
-
income
100
-
233
-
pensions
47
-
91
-
total
155
-
341
-
Employer
554
-
1 051
-
pensions
60
-
129
-
health
11
-
20
-
total
71
-
149
-
Corporate
576
1 200
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

109
228
-
-
total
109
228
-
-
Dividends
466
972
-
-
withholding
35
150
-
-
total
35
150
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
370
378
490
379
After tax
830
822
710
821
Living cost
399
399
399
399
Free-cash
431
423
311
422

Estimated living cost  is £399 per week

£299
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£66
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Cambridge model

Close
Zurich , Switzerland
-£110
£172
£325
£269
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
city
-
-
-
13
pensions
-
-
-
110
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.3% and 3.4% with a maximum base of 148,200 CHF. We use 2% as an average rate.

-
-
-
24
regional
-
-
-
52
health
-
-
-
3
national
-
-
-
14
total
-
-
-
216
Employee
772
-
1 074
-
city
8
-
12
-
regional
25
-
44
-
health
2
-
2
-
pensions
65
-
90
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
national
4
-
11
-
total
104
-
159
-
Employer
772
-
1 074
-
other

This will depend on a canton and a chosen fund. The rate is between 0.1% and 3.63% for an employee. We use 2% as an average rate.

15
-
21
-
unemployment
-
-
-
-
pensions
65
-
90
-
health
2
-
2
-
total
82
-
113
-
Corporate
338
1 200
-
-
regional
71
254
-
-
national
29
102
-
-
total
100
356
-
-
Dividends
238
844
-
-
withholding
83
295
-
-
total
83
295
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
369
651
272
216
After tax
831
549
928
984
Living cost
659
659
659
659
Free-cash
172
-110
269
325

Estimated living cost  is £659 per week

£429
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£59
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£8
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£163
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

It is extremely rare that a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit) is given a residence permit based on self-employment.

Source of data for Zurich model

Close
Munich , Germany
£197
£338
£255
£392
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
1 200
trade
-
-
-
137
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
335
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
18
total
-
-
-
549
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

520
-
1 200
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

3
-
18
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

61
-
335
-
total
123
-
412
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
680
1 200
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

6
10
-
-
income
102
180
-
-
trade
117
206
-
-
chamber of commerce
2
3
-
-
total
227
399
-
-
Dividends
453
801
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

6
11
-
-
withholding
110
197
-
-
total
116
208
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
466
607
412
549
After tax
734
593
788
651
Living cost
396
396
396
396
Free-cash
338
197
392
255

Estimated living cost  is £396 per week

£290
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£70
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Munich model

Close
Nice , France
£308
£359
£385
£400
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
162
pensions
-
-
-
245
other
-
-
-
37
health
-
-
-
41
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
34
total
-
-
-
519
Employee
370
-
948
-
social contributions
11
-
27
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
22
-
167
-
pensions
42
-
58
-
total
75
-
252
-
Employer
370
-
948
-
other
13
-
34
-
social contributions
1
-
3
-
unemployment
15
-
38
-
pensions
61
-
99
-
health
26
-
78
-
total
116
-
252
-
Corporate
714
1 200
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
200
336
-
-
total
200
336
-
-
Dividends
514
864
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
88
149
-
-
withholding
66
111
-
-
total
154
260
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
545
596
504
519
After tax
655
604
696
681
Living cost
296
296
296
296
Free-cash
359
308
400
385

Estimated living cost  is £296 per week

£187
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Nice model

Close
Marseille , France
£337
£387
£414
£429
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
162
pensions
-
-
-
245
other
-
-
-
37
health
-
-
-
41
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
34
total
-
-
-
519
Employee
331
-
948
-
social contributions
9
-
27
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
17
-
167
-
pensions
37
-
58
-
total
63
-
252
-
Employer
331
-
948
-
other
11
-
34
-
social contributions
1
-
3
-
unemployment
13
-
38
-
pensions
54
-
99
-
health
23
-
78
-
total
102
-
252
-
Corporate
766
1 200
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
215
336
-
-
total
215
336
-
-
Dividends
552
864
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
95
149
-
-
withholding
71
111
-
-
total
166
260
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
546
596
504
519
After tax
654
604
696
681
Living cost
267
267
267
267
Free-cash
387
337
429
414

Estimated living cost  is £267 per week

£155
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£27
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Marseille model

Close
Vilnius , Lithuania
£549
£555
£587
£572
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
180
health
-
-
-
84
social contributions
-
-
-
166
total
-
-
-
430
Employee
293
-
1 200
-
social contributions
40
-
166
-
health
20
-
84
-
income
49
-
195
-
total
109
-
445
-
Employer
293
-
1 200
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
907
1 200
-
-
income

The standard tax rate is 15%. However, small companies and agricultural companies can apply a reduced corporate income tax rate of 0% to the first year of operation when certain conditions are met; and 5% to revenues of less than €300,000 per year. We made calculations based on 5% and skipped 0%.

45
60
-
-
total
45
60
-
-
Dividends
861
1 140
-
-
health
60
80
-
-
social contributions
119
157
-
-
withholding
129
171
-
-
total
308
408
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
462
468
445
430
After tax
738
732
755
770
Living cost
183
183
183
183
Free-cash
555
549
572
587

Estimated living cost  is £183 per week

£123
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£45
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Vilnius model

Close
Vienna , Austria
£365
£349
£304
£16
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
5
income
-
-
-
267
pensions
-
-
-
187
unemployment
-
-
-
53
health
-
-
-
77
surtax
-
-
-
2
total
-
-
-
591
Employee
432
345
930
-
other
4
3
9
-
health
17
13
36
-
income
49
25
217
-
pensions
44
35
95
-
unemployment
13
10
28
-
total
127
86
385
-
Employer
432
345
930
-
accident
6
4
12
-
other
21
16
44
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
4
-
unemployment
13
10
28
-
surtax
2
2
2
-
pensions
54
43
117
-
payroll
13
10
28
-
health
16
13
35
-
total
127
99
270
-
Corporate
641
754
898
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

160
189
224
-
total
160
189
224
-
Dividends
481
566
-
-
withholding
132
156
-
-
total
132
156
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
546
530
879
591
After tax
654
670
321
609
Living cost
305
305
305
305
Free-cash
349
365
16
304

Estimated living cost  is £305 per week

£203
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£26
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£71
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Vienna model

Close
Brussels , Belgium
£357
£228
£214
£126
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
national
-
-
-
420
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

-
-
-
61
social contributions
-
-
-
189
total
-
-
-
670
Employee

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

619
-
929
-
communal

Communal tax will depend on the area of registration and each commune in the city has its own rate.

32
-
48
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

29
-
44
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

46
-
70
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

5
-
8
-
national
190
-
319
-
total
302
-
489
-
Employer

The minimum management director salary is set at €45,000 per year.

619
-
929
-
accident

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

8
-
12
-
unemployment

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

9
-
14
-
surtax
70
-
105
-
pensions

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

55
-
82
-
health

Reference earnings are 100% of the insured person's gross earnings for white-collar workers and 108% of the insured person's gross earnings for blue-collar workers.

38
-
57
-
total
180
-
270
-
Corporate
401
1 200
-
-
surtax
2
5
-
-
income
80
240
-
-
total
82
245
-
-
Dividends
319
955
-
-
withholding

As an investor, you can take advantage of €640 tax free allowance per year.

93
283
-
-
total
93
283
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
657
528
759
670
After tax
543
672
441
530
Living cost
316
316
316
316
Free-cash
228
357
126
214

Estimated living cost  is £316 per week

£203
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£80
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Brussels model

Close
Barcelona , Spain
£492
£426
£363
£322
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
284
pensions
-
-
-
227
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
525
Employee
431
-
944
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
91
-
260
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
7
-
12
-
total
118
-
311
-
Employer
431
-
944
-
accident
9
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
24
-
44
-
pensions
102
-
189
-
total
138
-
255
-
Corporate
632
1 200
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

95
180
-
-
total
95
180
-
-
Dividends
537
1 020
-
-
withholding
111
216
-
-
total
111
216
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
462
396
566
525
After tax
738
804
634
675
Living cost
312
312
312
312
Free-cash
426
492
322
363

Estimated living cost  is £312 per week

£230
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£22
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Barcelona model

Close
Luxembourg , Luxembourg
£248
£158
£160
£206
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
10
income
-
-
-
161
pensions
-
-
-
180
health
-
-
-
84
surtax
-
-
-
59
communal
-
-
-
76
total
-
-
-
570
Employee
655
-
1 072
-
health
29
-
48
-
surtax
40
-
66
-
income
63
-
195
-
pensions
52
-
86
-
total
184
-
395
-
Employer
655
-
1 072
-
accident
6
-
10
-
pensions
52
-
86
-
health
20
-
33
-
total
78
-
129
-
Corporate
466
1 200
-
-
surtax
5
13
-
-
communal
31
81
-
-
income
70
180
-
-
total
106
274
-
-
Dividends
360
926
-
-
income
150
69
-
-
withholding
54
139
-
-
total
204
208
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
572
482
524
570
After tax
628
718
676
630
Living cost
470
470
470
470
Free-cash
158
248
206
160

Estimated living cost  is £470 per week

£353
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£84
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Luxembourg model

Close
Athens , Greece
£561
£535
£375
£351
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
277
pensions
-
-
-
231
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
82
surtax
-
-
-
39
total
-
-
-
631
Employee
291
-
991
-
other
-
-
-
-
health
7
-
25
-
surtax
1
-
35
-
income
49
-
252
-
pensions
19
-
66
-
unemployment
20
-
69
-
total
96
-
447
-
Employer
291
-
991
-
other
-
-
-
-
unemployment
9
-
31
-
pensions
39
-
132
-
health
13
-
45
-
total
61
-
208
-
Corporate
847
1 200
-
-
income
220
312
-
-
total
220
312
-
-
Dividends
627
888
-
-
withholding
94
133
-
-
total
94
133
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
471
445
655
631
After tax
729
755
545
569
Living cost
194
194
194
194
Free-cash
535
561
351
375

Estimated living cost  is £194 per week

£117
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£17
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Athens model

Close
Naples , Italy
£397
£378
£355
£298
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
7
regional
-
-
-
18
national
-
-
-
278
social contributions
-
-
-
309
total
-
-
-
612
Employee
480
-
1 200
-
social contributions
162
-
405
-
regional
6
-
16
-
municipal
3
-
6
-
national
76
-
242
-
total
247
-
669
-
Employer
480
-
1 200
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
720
1 200
-
-
nationa
173
288
-
-
municipal
36
60
-
-
total
209
348
-
-
Dividends
511
852
-
-
withholding
133
222
-
-
total
133
222
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
589
570
669
612
After tax
611
630
531
588
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
378
397
298
355

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£145
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£61
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Naples model

Close
Prague , Czech Republic
£570
£479
£372
£353
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
111
health
-
-
-
162
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
299
total
-
-
-
572
Employee
376
-
896
-
social contributions
24
-
58
-
health
51
-
121
-
solidarity contribution
-
-
-
-
income
45
-
107
-
total
120
-
286
-
Employer
376
-
896
-
social contributions
94
-
224
-
health
34
-
81
-
total
128
-
305
-
Corporate
696
1 200
-
-
income
132
228
-
-
total
132
228
-
-
Dividends
564
972
-
-
withholding
85
146
-
-
total
85
146
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
465
374
591
572
After tax
735
826
609
628
Living cost
256
256
256
256
Free-cash
479
570
353
372

Estimated living cost  is £256 per week

£190
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£14
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£47
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Prague model

Close
Graz , Austria
£396
£388
£335
£46
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
chamber of commerce
-
-
-
5
income
-
-
-
267
pensions
-
-
-
187
unemployment
-
-
-
53
health
-
-
-
77
surtax
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
589
Employee
378
345
932
-
other
4
3
9
-
health
15
13
36
-
income
34
25
217
-
pensions
39
35
95
-
unemployment
11
10
28
-
total
103
86
385
-
Employer
378
345
932
-
accident
5
4
12
-
other
18
16
44
-
chamber of commerce
2
1
4
-
unemployment
11
10
28
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
pensions
47
43
117
-
payroll
11
10
28
-
health
14
13
35
-
total
108
97
268
-
Corporate
713
756
899
-
income

The minimum corporate income for a GmbH is €1,1750 for a year. However, for GmbHs founded after 30 June 2013, the amount is reduced to €500 for the first five years and €1000 for the next five years.

Минимальный корпоративный налог для GmbH €1,1750 в год. Если GmbHs основана после 30 Июня 2013 эта сумма сниже до €500 в первые 5 лет и €1000 для следующих пяти лет.

178
189
225
-
total
178
189
225
-
Dividends
535
567
-
-
withholding
147
156
-
-
total
147
156
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
536
528
878
589
After tax
664
672
322
611
Living cost
276
276
276
276
Free-cash
388
396
46
335

Estimated living cost  is £276 per week

£166
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£28
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£77
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

As a Third Country National (non-EU/EFTA/Swiss and without a long-term EU resident permit), you can apply for permanent residence when your business creates macroeconomic benefit. This could be an investment starting from €100,000, creating new jobs or securing existing ones, or making a substantial contribution to the region's economy. You can also be considered with a transfer of know-how to Austria or an evident commitment to develop an innovative product or technology.

Source of data for Graz model

Close
Tbilisi , Georgia
£1017
£994
£1065
£837
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We expect you will register a microenterprise to benefit from 1% tax rate. Otherwise you will be taxed at a personal income rate of 20%.

-
-
-
1 200
microenterprise

A sole-trader will lose its microenterprise status when the turnover exceeds 500,000 GEL for the last two consecutive years.

-
-
-
12
total
-
-
-
12
Employee
154
-
1 200
-
income
31
-
240
-
total
31
-
240
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate

We will register your company as part of a virtual zone. Your non-Georgian corporate tax will be zero. Turnover in Georgia will be taxed at 15%.

1 046
1 200
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
1 046
1 200
-
-
withholding
52
60
-
-
total
52
60
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
83
60
240
12
After tax
1 117
1 140
960
1 188
Living cost
123
123
123
123
Free-cash
994
1 017
837
1 065

Estimated living cost  is £123 per week

£83
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£5
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£30
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Social security system in Georgia is financed from the government taxes which are part of our internal model. Separate pension and medical insurance contributions are not compulsory. It is advisable to purchase health insurance privately as in an event of medical emergency the treatment is likely to get costly.

Source of data for Tbilisi model

Close
Ljubljana , Slovenia
£594
£522
£371
£339
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

A sole-trader pays social contribution from 75% of the assessed income made in the last year.

The minimum monthly assessed income used to calculate contributions is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

The maximum assessed income used to calculate contributions is 3.5 times the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
258
pensions
-
-
-
219
unemployment
-
-
-
2
health
-
-
-
118
total
-
-
-
597
Employee

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

383
-
1 038
-
health
25
-
67
-
income
66
-
238
-
pensions
59
-
161
-
unemployment
1
-
1
-
total
151
-
467
-
Employer

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 54% (gradually rising by two percent until reaching 60% by 2021) of the insured's average monthly wage in the last year.

383
-
1 038
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
pensions
34
-
92
-
health
25
-
69
-
total
59
-
162
-
Corporate
758
1 200
-
-
income
144
228
-
-
total
144
228
-
-
Dividends
614
972
-
-
withholding
92
146
-
-
total
92
146
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
446
374
629
597
After tax
754
826
571
603
Living cost
232
232
232
232
Free-cash
522
594
339
371

Estimated living cost  is £232 per week

£159
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£15
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£53
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Ljubljana model

Close
Oslo , Norway
£355
-£96
£454
£711
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
234
social contributions
-
-
-
137
total
-
-
-
371
Employee
538
-
-
-
social contributions
44
-
6
-
income
119
-
-
-
total
163
-
6
-
Employer
538
-
-
-
social contributions
758
-
108
-
total
758
-
108
-
Corporate
-
1 200
-
-
income
-
264
-
-
total
-
264
-
-
Dividends
-
936
-
-
income
-
206
-
-
total
-
206
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
921
470
114
371
After tax
279
730
1 086
829
Living cost
375
375
375
375
Free-cash
-96
355
711
454

Estimated living cost  is £375 per week

£243
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£35
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£92
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Oslo model

Close
Lisbon , Portugal
£412
£402
£383
£301
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
129
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
417
total
-
-
-
546
Employee
398
-
970
-
social contributions
44
-
107
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
83
-
291
-
total
127
-
398
-
Employer
398
-
970
-
social contributions
95
-
230
-
total
95
-
230
-
Corporate
707
1 200
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
149
252
-
-
total
149
252
-
-
Dividends
559
948
-
-
withholding
156
265
-
-
total
156
265
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
527
517
628
546
After tax
673
683
572
654
Living cost
271
271
271
271
Free-cash
402
412
301
383

Estimated living cost  is £271 per week

£203
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Lisbon model

Close
Paris , France
£186
£246
£263
£278
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
162
pensions
-
-
-
245
other
-
-
-
37
health
-
-
-
41
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
-
-
-
34
total
-
-
-
519
Employee
542
-
948
-
social contributions
15
-
27
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
47
-
167
-
pensions
61
-
58
-
total
123
-
252
-
Employer
542
-
948
-
other
19
-
34
-
social contributions
2
-
3
-
unemployment
22
-
38
-
pensions
89
-
99
-
health
38
-
78
-
total
170
-
252
-
Corporate
489
1 200
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
137
336
-
-
total
137
336
-
-
Dividends
352
864
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions
61
149
-
-
withholding
45
111
-
-
total
106
260
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
536
596
504
519
After tax
664
604
696
681
Living cost
418
418
418
418
Free-cash
246
186
278
263

Estimated living cost  is £418 per week

£283
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£34
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£95
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Paris model

Close
Andorra , Andorra
£820
£791
£635
£666
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
41
social contributions
-
-
-
264
total
-
-
-
305
Employee
278
-
1 039
-
income
-
-
45
-
social contributions
18
-
68
-
total
18
-
113
-
Employer
278
-
1 039
-
social contributions
43
-
161
-
total
43
-
161
-
Corporate
879
1 200
-
-
income
88
120
-
-
total
88
120
-
-
Dividends
791
1 080
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
149
120
274
305
After tax
1 051
1 080
926
895
Living cost
260
260
260
260
Free-cash
791
820
666
635

Estimated living cost  is £260 per week

£168
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£67
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Andorra has a limit of 1000 sole-trade resident permits per year, so while it isn't complicated to obtain one, it may get difficult by the end of the term.

Source of data for Andorra model

Close
Copenhagen , Denmark
-£687
-£687
£310
-£687
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
240
pensions
-
-
-
8
national
-
-
-
130
labour market
-
-
-
95
total
-
-
-
473
Employee
1 759
1 759
1 759
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
national
215
215
215
-
municipal
375
375
375
-
pensions
3
3
3
-
total
734
734
734
-
Employer
1 759
1 759
1 759
-
labour market
141
141
141
-
municipal
375
375
375
-
pensions
5
5
5
-
national
215
215
215
-
total
736
736
736
-
Corporate
-
-
-
-
income
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Dividends
-
-
-
-
withholding
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
1 470
1 470
1 470
473
After tax
-270
-270
-270
727
Living cost
417
417
417
417
Free-cash
-687
-687
-687
310

Estimated living cost  is £417 per week

£285
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£37
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£6
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£88
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Copenhagen model

Close
Krakow , Poland
-£89
£69
£635
£455
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
319
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
292
-
1 062
-
health
33
-
122
-
income
40
-
234
-
pensions
33
-
65
-
total
106
-
421
-
Employer
292
-
1 062
-
accident
5
-
18
-
unemployment
7
-
26
-
pensions
48
-
94
-
total
60
-
138
-
Corporate
848
1 200
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

763
1 080
-
-
total
763
1 080
-
-
Dividends
85
120
-
-
withholding
16
23
-
-
total
16
23
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
945
1 103
559
379
After tax
255
97
641
821
Living cost
186
186
186
186
Free-cash
69
-89
455
635

Estimated living cost  is £186 per week

£135
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£11
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£3
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Krakow model

Close
Helsinki , Finland
£440
£450
£483
£317
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

You can choose the amount to declare for pension contributions and choose a pension insurance company or a pension insurance fund you prefer to use; or you could opt out of pension contributions altogether. You can find more details on Finnish Centre for Pensions

-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
213
health
-
-
-
15
national
-
-
-
157
total
-
-
-
385
Employee
455
-
1 010
-
health
3
-
12
-
municipal
75
-
165
-
pensions
31
-
68
-
unemployment
7
-
15
-
national
8
-
100
-
total
124
-
360
-
Employer
455
-
1 010
-
accident
-
-
1
-
unemployment
3
-
7
-
pensions
79
-
175
-
health
3
-
8
-
total
85
-
191
-
Corporate
659
1 200
-
-
income
132
240
-
-
total
132
240
-
-
Dividends

Finish residents use 75% of income from dividends as a base for income tax.

395
720
-
-
national
6
58
-
-
municipal
71
130
-
-
total
77
188
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
418
428
551
385
After tax
782
772
649
815
Living cost
332
332
332
332
Free-cash
450
440
317
483

Estimated living cost  is £332 per week

£217
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£32
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Finland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Helsinki model

Close
Larnaca , Cyprus
£678
£630
£636
£626
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
193
health
-
-
-
31
social contributions
-
-
-
140
total
-
-
-
364
Employee
665
665
1 105
-
social contributions
25
55
74
-
health
5
11
19
-
income
72
62
187
-
total
102
128
280
-
Employer
665
665
1 105
-
social contributions
25
55
74
-
health
6
12
20
-
total
31
67
94
-
Corporate
866
467
-
-
income
108
58
-
-
total
108
58
-
-
Dividends
758
409
-
-
withholding
129
69
-
-
total
129
69
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
370
322
374
364
After tax
830
878
826
836
Living cost
200
200
200
200
Free-cash
630
678
626
636

Estimated living cost  is £200 per week

£120
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£20
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£56
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Larnaca model

Close
Podgorica , Montenegro
£857
£812
£858
£684
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

By law (Article 9 §1 (7); Article 10 §1 (7); Article 11 §1 (5)) a social contribution base is set as:

  • up to €9,000.00, 60% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • up to €15,000.00, 100% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
  • in excess of €15,000, 150% of the average monthly wage in Montenegro
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
119
pensions
-
-
-
55
unemployment
-
-
-
-
health
-
-
-
31
total
-
-
-
205
Employee

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

199
-
1 115
-
health
17
-
70
-
income
14
-
98
-
pensions
30
-
123
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
total
62
-
295
-
Employer

We use the last available minimum wage (€288,05 per month) as a minimum base for social contributions.

199
-
1 115
-
unemployment
1
-
4
-
pensions
11
-
45
-
health
9
-
35
-
total
21
-
84
-
Corporate
981
1 200
-
-
income
88
108
-
-
total
88
108
-
-
Dividends
893
1 092
-
-
withholding
80
98
-
-
total
80
98
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
251
206
379
205
After tax
949
994
821
995
Living cost
137
137
137
137
Free-cash
812
857
684
858

Estimated living cost  is £137 per week

£88
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£10
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£36
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Podgorica model

Close
Valencia , Spain
£566
£523
£437
£396
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
284
pensions
-
-
-
227
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
525
Employee
320
-
944
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
62
-
260
-
pensions
15
-
38
-
unemployment
5
-
12
-
total
82
-
311
-
Employer
320
-
944
-
accident
6
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
18
-
44
-
pensions
76
-
189
-
total
103
-
255
-
Corporate
778
1 200
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

117
180
-
-
total
117
180
-
-
Dividends
661
1 020
-
-
withholding
137
216
-
-
total
137
216
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
439
396
566
525
After tax
761
804
634
675
Living cost
238
238
238
238
Free-cash
523
566
396
437

Estimated living cost  is £238 per week

£161
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£23
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£50
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Valencia model

Close
Istanbul , Turkey
£725
£722
£742
£740
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
404
pensions
-
-
-
17
health
-
-
-
13
total
-
-
-
434
Employee
36
-
1 180
-
health
2
-
4
-
income
7
-
403
-
pensions
3
-
8
-
unemployment
-
-
1
-
total
12
-
416
-
Employer
36
-
1 180
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions
4
-
10
-
health
3
-
8
-
total
8
-
20
-
Corporate
1 156
1 200
-
-
income
254
264
-
-
total
254
264
-
-
Dividends
901
936
-
-
withholding
180
187
-
-
total
180
187
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
454
451
436
434
After tax
746
749
764
766
Living cost
24
24
24
24
Free-cash
722
725
740
742

Estimated living cost  is £24 per week

£14
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£2
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£1
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£7
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Source of data for Istanbul model

Close
Belgrade , Serbia
£717
£673
£544
£543
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
264
pensions
-
-
-
166
unemployment
-
-
-
10
health
-
-
-
66
total
-
-
-
506
Employee

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

226
-
1 085
-
health
12
-
33
-
income
31
-
264
-
pensions
32
-
90
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
total
77
-
392
-
Employer

The minimum tax base for social security contributions are defined by the Law on Mandatory Social Insurance Contributions and is fixed at 35% of an average monthly salary published in Serbia. The maximum tax base for social security contributions is capped at five times the average monthly salary published by the official statistics in Serbia at the moment of salary payment.

The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are 35% of the national average gross wage for the previous three months.

The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the contributions are five times the national average gross wage in the previous month.

226
-
1 085
-
unemployment
2
-
5
-
pensions
27
-
77
-
health
12
-
33
-
total
41
-
115
-
Corporate
934
1 200
-
-
income
140
180
-
-
total
140
180
-
-
Dividends
794
1 020
-
-
withholding
119
153
-
-
total
119
153
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
377
333
507
506
After tax
823
867
693
694
Living cost
150
150
150
150
Free-cash
673
717
543
544

Estimated living cost  is £150 per week

£101
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£33
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Belgrade model

Close
Porto , Portugal
£450
£445
£421
£339
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Based on articles 30.º, 31.º and 151.º of CIRS, sole-trader can use 75% of income as a tax base when earnings are below €200,000 per annum.

-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
129
surtax
-
-
-
-
social contributions

Social contributions in Portugal are calculated from the total income before any reductions apply.

-
-
-
417
total
-
-
-
546
Employee
336
-
970
-
social contributions
37
-
107
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
66
-
291
-
total
103
-
398
-
Employer
336
-
970
-
social contributions
80
-
230
-
total
80
-
230
-
Corporate
784
1 200
-
-
surtax
-
-
-
-
income
165
252
-
-
total
165
252
-
-
Dividends
620
948
-
-
withholding
174
265
-
-
total
174
265
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
522
517
628
546
After tax
678
683
572
654
Living cost
233
233
233
233
Free-cash
445
450
339
421

Estimated living cost  is £233 per week

£165
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£16
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£48
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Porto model

Close
Madrid , Spain
£500
£439
£371
£330
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
7
income
-
-
-
284
pensions
-
-
-
227
other
-
-
-
1
unemployment
-
-
-
6
total
-
-
-
525
Employee
418
-
944
-
other
-
-
1
-
income
87
-
260
-
pensions
20
-
38
-
unemployment
6
-
12
-
total
113
-
311
-
Employer
418
-
944
-
accident
8
-
16
-
other
3
-
6
-
unemployment
23
-
44
-
pensions
99
-
189
-
total
133
-
255
-
Corporate
649
1 200
-
-
income

The general rate of corporate tax is 25%. The lower rate of 15% is introduced for newly formed companies which applies during the first two years of operation in which taxable profit is made. We use the lower rate in our model.

97
180
-
-
total
97
180
-
-
Dividends
552
1 020
-
-
withholding
114
216
-
-
total
114
216
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
457
396
566
525
After tax
743
804
634
675
Living cost
304
304
304
304
Free-cash
439
500
330
371

Estimated living cost  is £304 per week

£218
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£58
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Madrid model

Close
Sofia , Bulgaria
£877
£825
£790
£834
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
180
pensions

Individual pension and social contributions account is optional for those who entered the labor force after 31 December, 2014.

-
-
-
45
unemployment
-
-
-
1
health
-
-
-
35
total
-
-
-
261
Employee
197
-
1 141
-
health
9
-
14
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
income
20
-
114
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

17
-
27
-
total
48
-
158
-
Employer
197
-
1 141
-
accident

We are using the highest rate at 1.1%.

2
-
3
-
unemployment
1
-
2
-
pensions

19.8% for people born before 1 January, 1960; and 14.8% for those born after 31 December, 1959.

22
-
33
-
health
14
-
21
-
total
39
-
59
-
Corporate
964
1 200
-
-
income
96
120
-
-
total
96
120
-
-
Dividends
868
1 080
-
-
withholding
43
54
-
-
total
43
54
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
226
174
217
261
After tax
974
1 026
983
939
Living cost
149
149
149
149
Free-cash
825
877
834
790

Estimated living cost  is £149 per week

£99
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£9
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sofia model

Close
Berlin , Germany
£285
£400
£340
£454
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

-
-
-
1 200
trade
-
-
-
114
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

-
-
-
335
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

-
-
-
59
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

-
-
-
18
total
-
-
-
526
Employee

Pension contribution is not mandatory for self-employed except for writers, artists and musicians who should pay standard rates to Künstlersozialkasse.

431
-
1 200
-
health

Our model is based on the assumption that an owner of the company is either a director or registered self-employed, so all social security contributions are not mandatory.

However, you would need to purchase private health insurance. We took an average price of €3600 per annum per person.

59
-
59
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

2
-
18
-
income

Personal income is calculated on a progressive scale(from 14% to 42%), and is fixed at 45%. The tax percentage is unique and will depend on your income.

35
-
335
-
total
96
-
412
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
769
1 200
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

6
10
-
-
income
115
180
-
-
trade
110
172
-
-
chamber of commerce
2
3
-
-
total
233
365
-
-
Dividends
535
835
-
-
surtax

Solidarity surcharge is an additional fee on income tax, capital gains tax and corporate tax. It is justified by the cost of German reunification.

7
11
-
-
withholding
130
205
-
-
total
137
216
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
466
581
412
526
After tax
734
619
788
674
Living cost
334
334
334
334
Free-cash
400
285
454
340

Estimated living cost  is £334 per week

£230
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£36
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£63
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Nationals of Europe, Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand and the USA do not require an entry type D visa (not to confuse with a Schengen visa or a visa-free entry). For other nationals, waiting time is around 6-9 months which includes document preparation and processing.

Source of data for Berlin model

Close
Dublin , Ireland
£347
£366
£177
£177
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
337
social contributions
-
-
-
193
total
-
-
-
530
Employee
677
-
1 200
-
income
128
-
337
-
social contributions
56
-
193
-
total
184
-
530
-
Employer
677
-
1 200
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
523
1 200
-
-
income
65
150
-
-
total
65
150
-
-
Dividends
458
1 050
-
-
withholding
92
210
-
-
total
92
210
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
341
360
530
530
After tax
859
840
670
670
Living cost
493
493
493
493
Free-cash
366
347
177
177

Estimated living cost  is £493 per week

£375
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£40
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£73
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

To obtain permanent residence for non EEA/Swiss nationals, it is required to invest a huge amount - at least €1 million aggregate investment into a new or an existing Irish business, for a minimum of three years.

Source of data for Dublin model

Close
Sliema , Malta
£420
£450
£582
£559
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

We use The Residence Programme or The Global Residence Programme.

-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
246
health

This is an average price for a private worldwide health insurance. The price will vary depending on your age and health condition.

-
-
-
58
total
-
-
-
304
Employee
397
-
1 160
-
income
43
-
247
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
83
-
287
-
Employer
397
-
1 160
-
social contributions
40
-
40
-
total
40
-
40
-
Corporate
763
1 200
-
-
income
267
420
-
-
total
267
420
-
-
Dividends
496
780
-
-
social contributions
46
46
-
-
total
46
46
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
436
466
327
304
After tax
764
734
873
896
Living cost
314
314
314
314
Free-cash
450
420
559
582

Estimated living cost  is £314 per week

£207
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£25
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£78
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Sliema model

Close
Edinburgh , United Kingdom
£498
£526
£497
£386
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
income
-
-
-
307
pensions
-
-
-
72
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
445
-
1 051
-
health
6
-
17
-
income
81
-
233
-
pensions
34
-
91
-
total
121
-
341
-
Employer
445
-
1 051
-
pensions
45
-
129
-
health
8
-
20
-
total
53
-
149
-
Corporate
701
1 200
-
-
income

It is proposed for this rate to fall to 17% from the financial year starting on 1 April, 2020. Also, where the taxable profits can be attributed to the exploitation of patents, a lower rate of 10% applies.

133
228
-
-
total
133
228
-
-
Dividends
568
972
-
-
withholding
43
150
-
-
total
43
150
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
350
378
490
379
After tax
850
822
710
821
Living cost
324
324
324
324
Free-cash
526
498
386
497

Estimated living cost  is £324 per week

£222
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£30
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£68
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details

Additional information

The only visa which will gain you entry to the UK as a freelancer is Tier 1 (with an exception of EU nationals or long-term UK residence permit holders, up until Brexit). There are two Tier 1 visa pathways.

You can either apply for an Entrepreneur visa which requires an investment of at least £200000 and creating two full time jobs, or choose an Exceptional Talent visa, which has no financial requirements but is more difficult to obtain.

Source of data for Edinburgh model

Close
Warsaw , Poland
-£107
£67
£617
£437
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
accident
-
-
-
2
income
-
-
-
319
pensions
-
-
-
36
other
-
-
-
3
health
-
-
-
19
total
-
-
-
379
Employee
321
-
1 062
-
health
37
-
122
-
income
44
-
234
-
pensions
36
-
65
-
total
117
-
421
-
Employer
321
-
1 062
-
accident
5
-
18
-
unemployment
8
-
26
-
pensions
52
-
94
-
total
65
-
138
-
Corporate
813
1 200
-
-
income

From 1 January 2017, a lowered corporate income tax rate of 9% was introduced for so-called 'small taxpayers' - entities with turnover not exceeding the equivalent of €1.2 million and for taxpayers starting business activity, during their previous tax year.

732
1 080
-
-
total
732
1 080
-
-
Dividends
81
120
-
-
withholding
15
23
-
-
total
15
23
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
929
1 103
559
379
After tax
271
97
641
821
Living cost
204
204
204
204
Free-cash
67
-107
437
617

Estimated living cost  is £204 per week

£150
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£12
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£38
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Additional information

Poland permits registration as a sole-trader only for EU nationals or long-term EU resident permit holders. Other nationals should use a business incubator or set up a company and hire themselves as an employee.

Source of data for Warsaw model

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Skopje , Macedonia
£893
£853
£560
£701
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader

Sole-trader should pay social contributions from a minimum of 50% of an average salary to a maximum of twelve average salaries. The minimum personal income for the first year should be at least 50% of an average salary.

-
-
-
1 200
work injury
-
-
-
6
health insurance
-
-
-
89
income
-
-
-
193
pensions
-
-
-
221
unemployment
-
-
-
14
total
-
-
-
523
Employee

Minimal social contribution is 50% of an average salary to a maximum of six average salaries.

187
-
1 200
-
work injury
1
-
3
-
income
19
-
193
-
pensions
34
-
127
-
health insurance
14
-
51
-
unemployment
2
-
8
-
total
70
-
382
-
Employer
-
-
-
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
1 013
1 200
-
-
income

Macedonia has a simplified tax regime. Before 3,000,000 MKD per annum you will be taxed at 0%, and before 6,000,000 MKD it is 1%.

10
12
-
-
total
10
12
-
-
Dividends
1 003
1 188
-
-
withholding
150
178
-
-
total
150
178
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
230
190
382
523
After tax
970
1 010
818
677
Living cost
117
117
117
117
Free-cash
853
893
701
560

Estimated living cost  is £117 per week

£72
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£8
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£4
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£32
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Skopje model

Close
Rome , Italy
£287
£248
£233
£178
S + D Salary + Dividends

Salary + Dividends. A combination of a fixed monthly income with a bonus at the end of the year.

Dividends

Dividends. A single payment made annually out of accumulated profits.

Salary

Salary. A fixed monthly income you pay yourself to cover your living expenses.

Sole trader

Sole trader. You're running your business as an individual with an unlimited responsibility

Sole trader
-
-
-
1 200
municipal
-
-
-
8
regional
-
-
-
27
national
-
-
-
278
social contributions
-
-
-
309
total
-
-
-
622
Employee
729
-
1 200
-
social contributions
246
-
405
-
regional
11
-
23
-
municipal
4
-
7
-
national
123
-
242
-
total
384
-
677
-
Employer
729
-
1 200
-
total
-
-
-
-
Corporate
471
1 200
-
-
nationa
113
288
-
-
municipal
23
58
-
-
total
136
346
-
-
Dividends
335
854
-
-
withholding
87
222
-
-
total
87
222
-
-
Income
1 200
1 200
1 200
1 200
Total tax
607
568
677
622
After tax
593
632
523
578
Living cost
345
345
345
345
Free-cash
248
287
178
233

Estimated living cost  is £345 per week

£242
Rent. One bedroom at downtown or an upmarket area with basic utilities which include internet connection and a mobile phone.
£24
Public transport and taxi. Monthly travel card, and a few taxi rides per week.
£5
Clothing and shoes. We estimate one pair of shoes and trainers, and several items of clothing each year, or slightly more often if you choose cheaper mass market stores. Twice as often for kids.
£74
Food and entertainment. We estimate that you will have breakfast at a cafe once a week, evening meal at a restaurant once a week, and visit bars once a week for drinks.Other days you prepare meals at home.
£0
I'm drinking at home rarely or never.
£0
I do not smoke or smoke very rarely.
 Adjust living cost Show details Source

Source of data for Rome model

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